Modified Tukey's Control Chart

Phase I of control analysis requires large amount of data to fit a distribution and estimate the corresponding parameters of the process under study. However, when only individual observations are available, and no a priori knowledge exists, the presence of outliers can bias the analysis. A relatively recent and successful approach to address this situation is Tukey's Control Chart (TCC), a charting method that applies the Box Plot technique to estimate the control limits. This procedure has proven to be effective for symmetric distributions. However, when skewness is present the average run length performance diminishes significantly. This article proposes a modified version of TCC to consider skewness with minimum assumptions on the underlying distribution of observations. Using theoretical results and Monte Carlo simulation, the modified TCC is tested over several distributions proving a better representation of skewed populations, even in cases when only a limited number of observations are available.     

《留东外史》的"武侠小说"叙事语法——论平江不肖生武侠小说创作的转型

平江不肖生从谴责留日学生道德不轨的<留东外史>到为爱国英雄霍元甲立传的武侠小说<近代侠义英雄传>,创作转型迅速取得成功.<留东外史>中叙述者的两种矛盾声音中隐含的情节模式,已经表露出作者后来武侠创作的主题思想.探寻其转型原因,一是作者一以贯之的个人无意识--强国保种的深化,二是寻找市民趣味和精英文化共同接纳的契合点.如果说由于对市民趣味的过度倾斜,使得<留东外史>蒙上"嫖界指南"的恶名;那么摒弃性描写,强化风俗描写,强化武术救国保种的主题思想,使得平江不肖生终于成功打造出现代武侠小说的领袖地位.这从另一个角度也反证出通俗文学被精英文化接纳的价值原则.     

奥斯丁小说《傲慢与偏见》和《爱玛》中的反讽艺术

J·奥斯丁是英国19世纪杰出的小说家。在《傲慢与偏见》、《爱玛》这两部小说中,反讽技巧成为 奥斯丁小说中的一个显著特色。不仅运用于人物塑造,还见于个别场面、情节的处理,并融汇在整部作品的构 思之中。     

《樱桃园》的喜剧性分析

契诃夫的《樱桃园》是一部喜剧,但不是一出传统意义的喜剧。它没有一波三折的喜剧性冲突,没有夸张怪癖的人物,没有巧合、误会等常见的喜剧手法,也没有好事终成的大团圆结局,作者通过淡化情节、处理矛盾、设计结局等手法,凸现《樱桃园》不同寻常的喜剧色彩。;     

传承与发展——莎士比亚《李尔王》情节探究

结合亚里士多德的悲剧理论《诗学》中有关戏剧情节的论述,分析了莎士比亚著名悲剧《李尔王》中双情节结构对《诗学》的继承和发展以及所产生的独特的悲剧效果。     

Subsistence,risk-taking,and reciprocity among the Tanchangya in the Chittagong Hill Tracts,Bangladesh

This paper examines livelihood strategies of Tanchangya culantro cultivators of the Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh, in relation to their subsistence, risk-taking, and reciprocity practices, who have been embroiled in compulsive market participation due to paternalist state policies. It puts forward two propositions. First, the objectives of protecting subsistence and of improving familial situation drive Tanchangya peasants to employ flexible strategies in relation to risk management and income generation. Second, it proposes that reciprocity practices provide minimum security to village households in times of crises and exigencies, and work as a safeguard against the exploitation of capitalist Bengali traders. It concludes that subsistence struggles lead peasant families to choose most suitable crops and farming methods and remain open to diverse income sources. Village reciprocity practices, either as dynamic and evolving relationships between two actors or involving the larger community, having different forms, supplement this struggle of peasants for survival.