Penalized Independence Rule for Testing High-Dimensional Hypotheses

We consider a challenging problem of testing any possible association between a response variable and a set of predictors, when the dimensionality of predictors is much greater than the number of observations. In the context of generalized linear models, a new approach is proposed for testing against high-dimensional alternatives. Our method uses soft-thresholding to suppress stochastic noise and applies the independence rule to borrow strength across the predictors. Moreover, the method can provide a ranked predictor list and automatically select “important” features to retain in the test statistic. We compare the performance of this method with some competing approaches via real data and simulation studies, demonstrating that our method maintains relatively higher power against a wide family of alternatives.     

Pathways to Service for Older Persons

Abstract

As services for older persons continue to shift from hospital and nursing home care to greater reliance on support for care at home, the need to understand the ways older persons obtain services becomes more important. This study examines the use of home-delivered meals as a case study to gain insight into the process of service use from the recipients' point of view. It explores the research question: What are the pathways by which older persons acquire home delivered meals? Narrative analyses of structured and unstructured questions asked of thirty frail older persons suggested that the process of acquiring home delivered meals was accompanied by patterns of adjustment in shifting between independence and dependence in managing loss of physical function, and themes of isolation, loss, and abandonment. The results provide insights for social workers in providing the support needed for the role transition that service acceptance symbolizes for older adults.     

Comments on “bootstrapping time series models”

Many applied workers are strongly oriented to residual analysis for assessing model adequacy. Formal test statistics of adequacy however are frequently derived from likelihood theory, particularly through Lagrange Multipliers. In contraGt, the present paper derives the formal statistics by concentrating Upon the distribution of residuals. It is shown that most existing tests can be derived in this way from a few elementary principles of specification analysis. One advantage of this alternative methodology is that it highlights some difficulties in existing approaches and simultaneously indicates a resolution of them; a good example being testing for heteroscedasticity in simultaneous equations. Other issues such as independence and robustness of diagnostic tests are also easily explored within the proposed framework.     

Housing the Homeless Mentally Ill

This paper presents the housing outcomes from an assertive case management program for the homeless mentally ill. The program was evaluated using an experimental design. Qualifying clients in a state hospital were randomly assigned to the case management program or routine services. At six month follow-up, over twice as many experimental as control clients were housed. None of the experimental clients had returned to living on the streets or in shelters     

论台湾问题的症结与前景

文章指出:台湾问题的主要症结仍在于美国强权,两岸的社情民意越来越直接影响台海局势走向,台海局势的走向归根结底是两岸的经济关系决定的。目前两岸在经济上正在形成互补共存的关系,连宋大陆行之后,台湾社会和观念的变化加快,经济关系决定社会关系,决定观念,台独是最愚蠢的、必然碰壁的选择。     

着眼“大海洋”全面推进北仑海洋经济发展

发展北仑区海洋经济，应从兴建国际客运港，开发梅山岛、穿山半岛、梅水港和三山海洋，发展滨海旅游业与海洋新兴产业等方面着手．文章对此作了一些远期设想。     

我国海岛生态安全问题研究：国家海岛保护法律——从香港海岸公园及海岸保护区法律中得到的启示

海岛生态安全牵涉到国家安全与环境生态安全,各国均非常重视。但长期以来,国家在这方面的法律都是空白的。然而,经过多年的讨论与立法程序,全国人大常委会最终于2009年12月26日通过了我国第一部海岛综合管理、保护与开发利用的法律──《中华人民共和国海岛保护法》,对海岛的保护、开发与利用作出了明确的规定,填补了我国法律上的空白。但是,新通过的海岛保护法律还有许多不足之处,对此可借鉴香港海岸公园及海岸保护区法律在生态安全保护方面的经验,以完善我国海岛保护法律。     

认知假设·动态语境·幽默效果

关联理论的动态语境观认为,语境是由一系列认知假设构成的,语境的改变会使同一话语产生不同的含义。这一观点给笑话的幽默效果的产生提供了理论依据:笑话利用特殊的话语信息的输入方式来改变听话者的语境,使话语具有特定的含义进而实现幽默效果。     

试论物权行为

本文认为物权行为的独立性是事实上的客观存在,而无因性则是立法技术的产物,可以通过利益衡量加以取舍。无因性理论不符合我国的社会生活实际及长期的司法实践,我国物权法应肯定物权行为的独立性,否定其无因性。     

关于内部控制假设的再思考

伴随着近年来不断发生的企业内部控制失控的事件,内部控制理论与实践不断向前发展,而对作为内部控制理论体系重要组成部分的内部控制假设的研究略显滞后。现有的内部控制假设应该被修正,修正后的内部控制假设包括可持续控制假设、控制主体责任假设、风险可控假设、关于人的行为假设。