The ILO and the right to strike

The author argues that the June 2012 challenge by the ILO Employers' group to the hitherto generally accepted view regarding the right to strike under the Freedom of Association Convention, No. 87, is at odds with the historical understanding of the framework in which the Convention is embedded. She demonstrates how the ILO constituents have consistently recognized that there is a positive right to strike, which is inextricably linked to – and an inevitable corollary of – the right to freedom of association. The article also analyses the relative roles of the ILO supervisory bodies in this regard.     

行业协会对企业机会主义行为的治理模型及实证分析

目前,我国企业的各种机会主义行为普遍存在,如何从机制上约束企业的这种行为已经成为一个理论研究的热点和难点问题。文章在文献研究的基础上,运用结构方程模型,以企业为视角,通过建构行业协会功能与企业机会主义行为约束条件因子之间的相关关系,得出了可以通过行业协会的功能发挥来有效治理企业机会主义行为的结论,文章旨在为制约企业失信行为提供有意义的参考。     

Evaluation of multi-objective optimization approaches for solving green supply chain design problems

This paper evaluates the applicability of different multi-objective optimization methods for environmentally conscious supply chain design. We analyze a case study with three objectives: costs, CO₂ and fine dust (also known as PM – Particulate Matters) emissions. We approximate the Pareto front using the weighted sum and epsilon constraint scalarization methods with pre-defined or adaptively selected parameters, two popular evolutionary algorithms, SPEA2 and NSGA-II, with different selection strategies, and their interactive counterparts that incorporate Decision Maker׳s (DM׳s) indirect preferences into the search process. Within this case study, the CO₂ emissions could be lowered significantly by accepting a marginal increase of costs over their global minimum. NSGA-II and SPEA2 enabled faster estimation of the Pareto front, but produced significantly worse solutions than the exact optimization methods. The interactive methods outperformed their a posteriori counterparts, and could discover solutions corresponding better to the DM preferences. In addition, by adjusting appropriately the elicitation interval and starting generation of the elicitation, the number of pairwise comparisons needed by the interactive evolutionary methods to construct a satisfactory solution could be decreased.     

谈渤海国对日本交往的两个问题

渤海国是唐朝时期中国的一个边疆民族政权,与日本具有一些相同的文化因素,物产丰富,造船技术和航海技术先进,这些是其对日本交往的有利条件。在这样的条件下,渤海进行了长期的对日交往,是中日关系的一个组成部分。渤海对日本的交往,影响了东北亚战略格局,满足了双方人民的经济需要,促进了唐文化的传播,给东北亚海上丝绸之路赋予了新的内涵,对于东北亚经济文化交流具有重要的意义。     

日韩留学生颜色词联想的比较研究

选取日本和韩国留学生各80人作为被试,选定白、红、黄、蓝、紫和粉红6个基本颜色词,制成颜色词的自由联想问卷;采用自由联想和跨文化比较等方法,比较日韩留学生对这些颜色词的联想在具体、抽象及情绪维度上的差异,有助于认识他们的心理特征和民族文化特征。     

On the asymptotic normality of the R-estimators of the slope parameters of simple linear regression models with associated errors

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this paper is to prove, under mild conditions, the asymptotic normality of the rank estimator of the slope parameter of a simple linear regression model with stationary associated errors. This result follows from a uniform linearity property for linear rank statistics that we establish under general conditions on the dependence of the errors. We prove also a tightness criterion for weighted empirical process constructed from associated triangular arrays. This criterion is needed for the proofs which are based on that of Koul [Behavior of robust estimators in the regression model with dependent errors. Ann Stat. 1977;5(4):681–699] and of Louhichi [Louhichi S. Weak convergence for empirical processes of associated sequences. Ann Inst Henri Poincaré Probabilités Statist. 2000;36(5):547–567].     

铁华吟社及其文学创作

铁华吟社是清光绪年间活动于浙江杭州的一个重要的文人社团,晚于该地区较有影响的东轩吟社约半个世纪。不同于东轩吟社有专门的社集《清尊集》,铁华吟社没有自己的社集刊刻流布于世,故而关于该社的起讫时间、参与者及其文学创作的研究尚不深入。结合该吟社发起人吴兆麟的《铁花山馆诗稿》及其族侄吴庆坻的《蕉廊脞录》等作品进行探讨,不但可以考见该社团的一些基本情况,澄清许多事实,亦能对铁华吟社诗歌创作的思想倾向有所了解。     

高校学生社团组织宣传工作创新探析

高校学生社团组织宣传工作是开展学生思想政治教育工作的重要渠道,也是强化校园主流文化引领性的重要手段。当前高校学生社团宣传工作必须结合新媒体时代发展的趋势,探索社团宣传工作的规律和途径,创新发展高校社团宣传内容与阵地,突破传统宣传格局、完善宣传工作机制方法,实现高校社团宣传工作新旧模式的战略整合。     

整村推进项目与农民合作组织的互动关系——耐海塔村奶牛养殖协会调查

在整村推进扶贫项目带动下成立的青海省共和县沙朱玉乡耐海塔村奶牛养殖协会是＂支部＋协会＂模式的农民合作组织在欠发达地区生成与发展的一个典型案例。基于对耐海塔村整村推进项目与养殖协会的实地调查,分析了整村推进项目与协会发展的互动关系,研究表明：欠发达地区的县乡政府往往以官僚化的方式运作扶贫项目,整村推进中缺乏村民参与;村组织仍然主要是政府权威在乡村的延伸,支部主导下的协会未能将村民的参与组织化、制度化,并为村庄农业产业化提供系统服务,农民组织也未能与扶贫项目有效衔接和建立良性互动关系。     

数据挖掘中关联规则的规范化描述

一、引言数据挖掘(Data Mining)是近年来随着人工智能和数据库技术的发展而出现的一门新兴学科。它是从大量的数据中筛选出隐含的、可信的、新颖的、有效的信息的高级处理过程。关联规则(Association Rule)是其中重要的研究课题,是数据挖掘的主要技术之一,也是在无指导学习系统