Loss functions for estimation of extrema with an application to disease mapping

It is often of interest to find the maximum or near maxima among a set of vector‐valued parameters in a statistical model; in the case of disease mapping, for example, these correspond to relative‐risk “hotspots” where public‐health intervention may be needed. The general problem is one of estimating nonlinear functions of the ensemble of relative risks, but biased estimates result if posterior means are simply substituted into these nonlinear functions. The authors obtain better estimates of extrema from a new, weighted ranks squared error loss function. The derivation of these Bayes estimators assumes a hidden‐Markov random‐field model for relative risks, and their behaviour is illustrated with real and simulated data.     

The Colour of The Sky的中文翻译分析

科技文章的翻译须以严密性、准确性和客观性为宗旨。随着语言学科的发展,人们有更客现、更全面的方法来分析和评论译文。本文通过对译文《天空的色彩》语域特征和语域标志的分析,认为其做到了科技文章文体和行文方式的对等,意义相符和功能相似。     

论绿色消费方式的形成

绿色消费是可持续发展的消费方式,它的形成对人类可持续发展具有重要意义。论文主张从建立可持续发展的消费价值观,建立合理的财富分配秩序,调整经济结构和生产方式,并依靠科技进步和发挥政府的主导作用来促进绿色消费的形成。     

科学配置合并组建高校的文献信息资源

组建高校面临着全校文献信息资源的重组和合理配置 ,针对合并组建高校的文献信息资源重组和配置采取正确的对策和措施 ,发挥数字化文献信息资源的作用 ,从而充分发挥合并组建高校文献信息资源的整体效益     

英语名词性成分的预设功能及其在组织课堂教学语言中的作用

本文首先介绍了预设理论的发展以及预设的各种手段 ,在此基础上 ,分析了名词性成分作为预设手段 ,在语篇中的作用———经济性与衔接性 ,并用例证说明了在这两种作用的影响下 ,名词性成分对课堂语言起着重要的作用 ,为此教师应了解并恰当运用预设知识进行教学     

On Rates of Convergence for Bayesian Density Estimation

Abstract.  We consider the problem of estimating a compactly supported density taking a Bayesian nonparametric approach. We define a Dirichlet mixture prior that, while selecting piecewise constant densities, has full support on the Hellinger metric space of all commonly dominated probability measures on a known bounded interval. We derive pointwise rates of convergence for the posterior expected density by studying the speed at which the posterior mass accumulates on shrinking Hellinger neighbourhoods of the sampling density. If the data are sampled from a strictly positive, α -Hölderian density, with α  ∈ ( 0,1] , then the optimal convergence rate n^{− α / (2 α +1)} is obtained up to a logarithmic factor. Smoothing histograms by polygons, a continuous piecewise linear estimator is obtained that for twice continuously differentiable, strictly positive densities satisfying boundary conditions attains a rate comparable up to a logarithmic factor to the convergence rate n ^−4/5 for integrated mean squared error of kernel type density estimators.     

论大理洞经文化的特点及社会功能

洞经音乐文化是中华文化的一部分,大理洞经音乐文化源远流长,它是道、佛、儒、唐宋词牌和民间小调的集合体,是以道教思想为基础发展演变而成的音乐社团和民俗文化,有大理地域文化的特色,是多元文化的结晶。洞经文化具有积淀历史文化、凝聚民众社团、陶冶民众道德情操的功能。目前应当抓好对洞经文化的继承与发展的课题。     

论人事保证的制度功能及我国的立法选择——兼评《劳动合同法》第9条

《劳动合同法》第9条在现有立法禁止劳动合同物的担保的基础上，进一步否定了人的担保，与很多国家以及我国台湾地区立法上的规定不同。从社会学和经济学的视角分析了人事保证制度的基本功能，客观评价了既存人事保证制度，在此基础上提出我国立法对现有人事保证制度不应该全盘否定，而应该扬弃，重新界定人事保证的内涵。     

A bayesian estimator for the dependence function of a bivariate extreme‐value distribution

Any continuous bivariate distribution can be expressed in terms of its margins and a unique copula. In the case of extreme‐value distributions, the copula is characterized by a dependence function while each margin depends on three parameters. The authors propose a Bayesian approach for the simultaneous estimation of the dependence function and the parameters defining the margins. They describe a nonparametric model for the dependence function and a reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for the computation of the Bayesian estimator. They show through simulations that their estimator has a smaller mean integrated squared error than classical nonparametric estimators, especially in small samples. They illustrate their approach on a hydrological data set.     

整代数体函数的亏量

研究了一类具有v＋1个亏值的v-值整代数体函数，利用整代数体函数的级与特征函数及其亏值亏量的定义和性质，借助线性无关性、克兰姆法则、Jensen公式及对数导数定理进行分析推理，得出这类整代数体函数的所有亏量之和不超过v．