文本类型与翻译方法

在翻译研究中 ,一般采取两种途径 ,或者从翻译过程的视角 ,或者从翻译结果的角度 ,却几乎很少有人从翻译功能的角度加以研究。而功能问题 ,就翻译而言 ,自然与文本类型有着密切的关联。在国内 ,虽有不少文献论述某一具体文类的翻译问题 ,如科技、医学、旅游之类 ,但就翻译方法论意义而言 ,则似乎鲜有论者从相对宏观的角度对此问题加以探讨。文章尝试在国内外现有的有关研究的基础上 ,整理出一条相对清晰的脉络 ,希冀给翻译方法的研究提供一个不同的观察角度 ,进而促进这种研究     

Normalized Quadratic Systems of Consumer Demand Functions

Empirically estimated demand systems frequently fail to satisfy the appropriate theoretical curvature conditions. We propose and estimate two demand systems for which these conditions can be imposed globally; the first is derived from a normalized quadratic reciprocal indirect utility function and the second is derived from a normalized quadratic expenditure function. The former is flexible if there are no restrictions on its free parameters, but loses flexibility if the curvature conditions need to be imposed. The latter is flexible, in the class of functions satisfying local money metric scaling, even if the curvature conditions need to be imposed.     

On some probability distributions associated with random walks

The probability distribution of the total number of games to ruin in a gambler's ruin random walk with initial position n, the probability distribution of the total size of an epidemic starting with n cases and the probability distribution of the number of customers served during a busy period M/M/1 when the service starts with n waiting customers are identical. All these can be easily obtained by using Lagrangian expansions instead of long combinatorial methods. The binomial, trinomial, quadrinomial and polynomial random walks of a particle have been considered with an absorbing barrier at 0 when the particle starts its walks from a point n, and the pgfs. and the probability distributions of the total number of jumps (trials) before absorption at 0 have been obtained. The values for the mean and variance of such walks have also been given.     

Modified weighted squared error estimation procedures with special emphasis on the stable laws

Two families of parameter estimation procedures for the stable laws based on a variant of the characteristic function are provided. The methodology which produces viable computational procedures for the stable laws is generally applicable to other families of distributions across a variety of settings. Both families of procedures may be described as a modified weighted chi-squared minimization procedure, and both explicitly take account of constraints on the parameter space. Influence func-tions for and efficiencies of the estimators are given. If x₁, x₂, …x_n random sample from an unknown distribution F , a method for determining the stable law to which F is attracted is developed. Procedures for regression and autoregres-sion with stable error structure are provided. A number of examples are given.     

Estimating the exponential reliability function for a system in series with type II censored data

The problem of estimating the one parameter exponential reliability function for a system composed of l componentes in series is considered. Under the type II censoring scheme, the Bayes nature of the minimum variance unbiased estimator is demonstrated and the admissibility of related generalized Bayes estimators is established. For the one component case, the best unbiased estimator is admissible.     

论娱乐类电视节目“寓教于乐”的功能与作用——以《天天向上》节目为例

"寓教于乐"是将文艺与娱乐融合为一体,这是今后电视娱乐节目的发展走向。湖南卫视2008年推出的娱乐节目《天天向上》,至今得到观众的推崇与喜爱,除节目主持团体的人气偶像及出色的主持艺术外,"寓教于乐"的方式是其成功的重要因素,它不仅提高了电视收视率,而且还在影响社会风气、引领价值导向、增长文化知识几方面具有积极影响与作用。     

隐喻功能刍议

隐喻是人们理解抽象概念、进行抽象思维的主要认知工具。多年来,关于隐喻的认知与功能,学者们各抒己见。本文将对隐喻的语法、篇章及认知功能方面做一些探讨。     

Rank-based analysis of repeated measures block designs

A rank-based inference is developed for repeated measures balanced incomplete block and randomized complete block designs using a suitable dispersion function. Asymptotic distributions of rank estimators are developed after establishing approximate linearity of the gradient vector of the dispersion function. Unlike available nonparametric procedures for those designs, estimation and testing are tied together. Three different test statistics are developed for testing the linear hypotheses. Friedman's (1937) statistic and Durbin's (1951) statistic are particular cases of one of the three proposed statistics. An estimate of a scale parameter which appears in the ARE expression as well as as in the variences and covariances of the rank estimators is discussed.     

Stochastic comparisons of order statistics,with applications in relibility

This paper reviews recent developments in the stochastic comparison of order statistics. The results discussed are basically: (l) Stochastic comparisons of linear combinations of order statistics from distributions F and G where G^?1 F is convex or starshaped. (2) Stochastic comparisons of individual order statistics and of vectors of order statistics from underlying heterogeneous distributions by the use of majorization and Schur function theory. (3) Stochastic comparison of random processes. Applications to reliability problems are presented illustrating the use and value of the theoretical results described     

A stepwise approach for the purely periodic interaction spline model

The basic idea of an interaction spline model was presented in Barry (1983). The general interaction spline models were proposed by Wahba (1986). The purely periodic spline model, a special case of the general interaction spline models, is considered in this paper. A stepwise approach using generalized cross validation (GCV) for fitting the model is proposed. Based on the nice orthogonality properties of the purely periodic functions, the stepwise approach is a promising method for the interaction spline model. The approach can also be generalized to the non-purely-periodic spline models. But this is no done here.