论我国无固定期限劳动合同制度——以用人单位单方解除制度为视角

劳动合同制度是劳动法的核心,劳动合同解除制度是劳动合同制度中的主要内容之一,单方解除则为解除制度的重点.无固定期限劳动合同制度重点在于合同解除后责任承担问题,其法律效力理论体现了对用人单位单方解除权的限制.我国应借鉴国外解雇自由与解雇保护原则相协调的模式,而我国现行立法三种劳动合同适用同一种解除制度,其合理性有待商榷.解除原因认定、解除期限通知等规范的可操作性也应进一步加强.     

经济补偿金·无固定期限劳动合同的法律问题

劳动法旨在调整劳动关系,重在维护劳动者的劳动权益。然而,现有的用人单位可以不支付终止劳动合同的劳动者经济补偿金,以及劳动者在同一用人单位连续工作满十年,并得以延续劳动合同时,才具有订立无固定期限劳动合同绝对权利的规定,却不符合按劳分配原则,不利于稳定劳动关系。     

上海服务业“结构奖赏”与“结构惩罚”效应分析

2012年,上海第三产业增加值占GDP比重首超60％,达到服务经济的国际标准。借助shift—share方法对2003-2012年上海第三产业劳动生产率变动进行分解得出：“结构奖赏”和“结构负担”假说并存,且前者效应已高于后者,表明结构转换有助于提升劳动生产率,但力度有限;各行业内部劳动生产率的提升才是上海第三产业劳动生产率提升的主体。上海调整第三产业结构的前提是各行业能按自身发展规律协调发展,即须在发展中实现结构转换,而非片面追求结构调整。     

The impact of labor shortage on the employee commitment

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the impact of the shortage of labor on individuals’ workplace attitudes, strangely their commitment. It is beneficial for organizations to develop their management strategies in view of employees’ loyalty attitudes. As a conceptual paper, the article contains a theoretical deduction. The characteristics of the labor market (macro level), the organizational needs and responses (meso level), and the set of the employees’ commitment (micro level) are linked to a theoretical process. According to our results, the average levels of the different dimensions of employee commitment will be changed in the future. The levels of continuance commitment and professional commitment will be higher, while the levels of deliberate commitment and affective commitment will be lower in the employee commitment profiles. By increasing continuance commitment and professional commitment, the toolkit of the HR strategy needs to be transformed to make it more relevant external motivation tools and training-development solutions. Meanwhile, it is important to note that the interactions among the employees will be less frequent and they will have less affection for their workplace. Labor shortage transforms individuals’ workplace attitudes. Understanding of employees’ decisions to maintain their organizational membership is supported by the relationships found in this research.     

Efficient composite heuristics for total flowtime minimization in permutation flow shops

In this paper, permutation flow shops with total flowtime minimization are considered. General flowtime computing (GFC) is presented to accelerate flowtime computation. A newly generated schedule is divided into an unchanged subsequence and a changed part. GFC computes total flowtime of a schedule by inheriting temporal parameters from its parent in the unchanged part and computes only those of the changed part. Iterative methods and LR (developed by Liu J, Reeves, CR. Constructive and composite heuristic solutions to theP∥Σ_Ci$P\parallel \Sigma C_i$ scheduling problem, European Journal of Operational Research 2001; 132:439–52) are evaluated and compared as solution improvement phase and index development phase. Three composite heuristics are proposed in this paper by integrating forward pair-wise exchange-restart (FPE-R) and FPE with an effective iterative method. Computational results show that the proposed three outperform the best existing three composite heuristics in effectiveness and two of them are much faster than the existing ones.     

流动注射APDC／MIBK萃取FAAS法测定地表水中痕量锌

采用ＡＰＤＣ为螯合剂，ＭＩＢＫ为萃取剂，流动注射在线注入原子吸收光谱仪中测定地表水中痕量锌的方法．测定结果表明，该法的相对标准偏差为５．２％，检出限为２．６×１０４ｕｇ·ｍｌ１，加标回收率为９３％．     

正式社会控制为何失败? ———对云南平县拐卖妇女现象的田野调查

通过对平县的实地调查,发现大量的妇女流动伴生了拐卖妇女现象。研究表明,国家的正式社会控制在面对大量的拐卖妇女问题时是无力的,民间的非正式社会控制也是衰弱的。这是因为社会的结构性紧张以及一些存在缺陷的国家制度导致了拐卖妇女这一大规模越轨行为的发生,并制约着社会控制的运作。这一个案说明运动式或执法式的正式社会控制无力消除基于社会的结构性紧张产生出的大规模越轨,面对大量的越轨需要考虑的是调整政策和法律,建构均衡、和谐的社会结构,而不是简单强调对现有政策、法律的实施。     

论我国劳务派遣市场的发展趋势

劳务派遣是市场经济条件下市场主体提升组织灵活应变能力、节约人力资源成本自发选择的结果;是我国在建立劳动力市场机制的实践活动中的一种新的用工形式的尝试,也是目前发展很快、问题比较多的一种形式。本文结合2008年1月1日起执行的《劳动合同法》,理解和分析劳务派遣的实质,劳务派遣的优势和现状,以及劳务派遣的发展趋势。有利于调整自身企业运作战略,充分有效地利用我国体力劳动者富余资源优势,建立和谐稳定的劳务派遣市场,推进我国劳务派遣市场的进一步发展与完善。     

Entropy as a measure of centrality in networks characterized by path-transfer flow

Recently, Borgatti [Borgatti, S.P., 2005. Centrality and network flow. Social Networks 27, 55–71] proposed a taxonomy of centrality measures based on the way that traffic flows through the network—whether over path, geodesic, trail, or walk, and whether by means of transfer, serial duplication, or parallel duplication. Most of the extant centrality measures assume that traffic propagates via parallel duplication or, alternatively, that it travels over geodesics. Few of the other flow possibilities have centrality measures associated with them. This article proposes an entropy-based measure of centrality appropriate for traffic that propagates by transfer and flows along paths. The proposed measure can be applied to most network types, whether binary or weighted, directed or undirected, connected or disconnected. The measure is illustrated on the gang alliance network of Kennedy et al. [Kennedy, D.M., Braga, A. A., Piehl, A.M., 1998. The (un)known universe: mapping gangs and gang violence in Boston. Crime Prevention Studies 8, 219–262].