Transformational Leadership in Labor Organizations: The Effects on Union Citizenship Behaviors

This study suggests that transformational leadership influences union citizenship behavior by fostering a covenantal relationship between the union and the union member. A framework for covenantal relationships is developed from social exchange and social identity theories. Transformational leadership behavior was found to be strongly related to perceived union support, a social exchange construct. The results also indicated that there are positive and significant relationships between other social exchange constructs such as felt obligation and trust. Social identity theory is used to augment social exchange theory in explaining the process by which transformational leadership behaviors relate to union citizenship behaviors through union-based self-esteem. Limitations of the study, implications for union management, and directions for future research issues are discussed.     

Recent Two-Stage Sample Selection Procedures With an Application to the Gender Wage Gap

Recently developed two-stage estimation methods of sample selection models are used, in the context of data from the 1989 Labor Market Activity Survey, to examine labor supply decisions and wage outcomes for employed men and women. Recent hypothesis test procedures are used to test for no sample selection and to test for a parametric against a semiparametric selection-correction procedure. We conclude that selection is indeed an issue for the sample at hand and that the semiparametric specification is appropriate. We also present the standard decomposition of the gender wage gap into its explained and unexplained portions.     

《诗经·周颂·臣工》主旨辨证

《周颂·臣工》是《诗经》农事诗中比较重要的一篇。关于这首诗的主旨，迄今主要有“诸侯助祭遣于庙”、“戒农官”、“籍田”、“省耕”和“祈谷”等五种观点。经考察《臣工》的字词含义及诗中的用历情况，可知此诗是周天子在籍田上祈麦实而戒农官的一首诗。     

出口企业转型与企业的经营表现

 文章运用基于倍差法的倾向评分匹配估计方法从企业微观层面分析了出口企业转型对其经营表现的作用。结果表明：高度外销型企业转型为中度外销型企业以及中度外销型企业转型为低度外销型企业对企业经营表现的影响主要体现于其会显著地增加企业的负债额进而恶化其财务状况，二者不显著影响企业的劳动生产率和产出。高度外销型企业转型为低度外销型企业对企业经营表现的影响主要体现于其会显著地提高企业的劳动生产率，这种转型行为并不显著影响企业的产出和财务状况。尽管如此，由于其对企业的产出并不产生显著作用，因此由于该转型行为所获得的劳动生产率的提升同时也会减少企业的就业。     

“劳动合同法”背景下高校临时工管理研究

目前高校在临时工使用方面存在的诸多问题,已经使其无法适应＂劳动合同法＂提出的要求,故而高校应根据＂劳动合同法＂的特点,在规范用工方面做出适当的调整,以进一步提高内部管理水平,保证依法用工、合理用工。     

劳动与社会保障法教学改革探索

劳动与社会保障法是法学专业主干课程,它对于学生就业的指导作用巨大,通过多年的教学实践,提出以实现教学目标为宗旨,采取制作精良的教学辅助课件、采用多种教学方法、改变现有的考核方式等手段,提升学生的综合能力,为学生进入社会提供良好的心理素质、知识储备及社会责任感和使命感。     

在WTO框架内推行SA8000之可行性分析

宣扬保护人类的基本权益,尤其是劳动权益的SA8000是世界上第一个可用于第三方认证的社会道德责任标准。发达国家政府为了建立新的贸易壁垒,在企业界积极推行SA8000标准和认证体系,并在实践中使劳工标准与贸易挂钩。由于发达国家在WTO内的强势地位,在WTO框架内推行SA8000将是一个不可逆转的趋势,但由于发展中国家的强烈抵制,其过程也将是漫长的。     

Family Support for the Elderly in China

ABSTRACT

With the introduction of economic reforms, families in China are challenged by a variety of family-related problems. Demographic and social changes are affecting both the capacity and willingness of the family to provide care for the elderly. The Chinese Government is aware of the importance of the family in the welfare of its citizens, and has promulgated a series of laws and regulations prescribing family obligations. Yet formal services supporting families are extremely underdeveloped, and it is urgent that the government formulate an effective policy to facilitate, support, and maximize family care.     

Globalization and the New Spaces for Social Movement Politics: The Marginalization of Labor Unions in Bolivian Gas Nationalization

This article aims for a critical engagement with the new spaces for social movement politics. Recent literature focusing on the relationship between globalization and these spaces foregrounds the new opportunity structures for political practices. Yet amid talk of ‘grassroots globalization’ and ‘globalization from below’, it is important to remain sensitive to how certain forms of practice and organization, particularly those of labor unions, are marginalized within the political spaces of globalization. This paper investigates how the political spaces of globalization shaped the nationalization of gas resources in Bolivia. Nationalization was achieved by new social movements partly negotiating within political spaces opened by globalization. Yet the interests and demands of labor unions were significantly marginalized in implementation. ‘Actually existing’ nationalization can best be described as a pragmatic renegotiation of contracts, in response to a dual pressure from new social movements and from economic globalization. Bolivian nationalization of gas illustrates how union politics around issues of work are constrained within the political spaces of globalization.

Este artículo intenta conseguir un compromiso crítico con los nuevos espacios para la política de movimientos sociales. Una literatura reciente con un enfoque en la relación entre la globalización y estos espacios, destaca las nuevas oportunidades de estructuras para las prácticas políticas. No obstante, al hablar de “la globalización de base popular” y “la globalización desde abajo”, es importante mantenerse sensible ante la manera como ciertas formas de práctica y organización, particularmente aquellas de los sindicatos laborales, se han marginado dentro de los espacios políticos de la globalización. Este trabajo investiga cómo los espacios políticos de la globalización dieron forma a la nacionalización de los recursos de gas en Bolivia. La nacionalización se logró mediante nuevos movimientos sociales, en parte negociando dentro de los espacios políticos abiertos por la globalización. Aún así, en la implementación, los intereses y las demandas de los sindicatos laborales fueron marginadas considerablemente. “De hecho, la nacionalización existente” se puede describir mejor como una renegociación pragmática de contratos, en respuesta a la doble presión de los movimientos sociales y a la globalización económica. La nacionalización boliviana del gas ilustra cómo la política de los sindicatos alrededor de los asuntos de trabajo, están restringidos dentro de los espacios políticos de la globalización.

     

Modeling U.S. monetary policy during the global financial crisis and lessons for Covid-19

The paper formulates the modeling of unconventional monetary policy and critically evaluates its effectiveness to address the Global Financial Crisis. We begin with certain principles guiding general scientific modeling and focus on Milton Friedman's 1968 Presidential Address that delineates the strengths and limitations of monetary policy to pursue certain goals. The modeling of monetary policy with its novelty of quantitative easing to target unusually high unemployment is evaluated by a Markov switching econometric model using monthly data for the period 2002–2015. We conclude by relating the lessons learned from unconventional monetary policy during the Global Financial Crisis to the recent bold initiatives of the Fed to mitigate the economic and financial impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on U.S. households and businesses.