程序价值论

程序价值和程序的效能价值是程序的价值的构成。强调后者忽视前者是当前程序的价值观存在的问题。划清程序价值和程序的效能价值的界限,明晰程序价值的内涵及程序价值的内在偏差,有利于还程序价值应有的地位;而要真正实现程序价值,就必须寻求协调其内在偏差的方式和途径、建立有效的保障机制。     

SOME SIMPLE APPROXIMATIONS FOR THE DOUBLY NONCENTRAL z DISTRIBUTION

We give two simple approximations for evaluating the cumulative probabilities of the doubly noncentral z distribution. These can easily be used for evaluating the cumulative probabilities of the doubly noncentral F distribution as well. We compare our results with those obtained by Tiku (1965) using series expansion. An industrial situation where a quality characteristic of interest follows the doubly noncentral z distribution is also cited. However, in this case the exact probabilities could be calculated using results on the ratio of two normal variables.     

Pareto Sampling versus Sampford and Conditional Poisson Sampling

Abstract.  Pareto sampling was introduced by Rosén in the late 1990s. It is a simple method to get a fixed size π ps sample though with inclusion probabilities only approximately as desired. Sampford sampling, introduced by Sampford in 1967, gives the desired inclusion probabilities but it may take time to generate a sample. Using probability functions and Laplace approximations, we show that from a probabilistic point of view these two designs are very close to each other and asymptotically identical. A Sampford sample can rapidly be generated in all situations by letting a Pareto sample pass an acceptance–rejection filter. A new very efficient method to generate conditional Poisson ( CP ) samples appears as a byproduct. Further, it is shown how the inclusion probabilities of all orders for the Pareto design can be calculated from those of the CP design. A new explicit very accurate approximation of the second-order inclusion probabilities, valid for several designs, is presented and applied to get single sum type variance estimates of the Horvitz–Thompson estimator.     

对国民经济大核算体系的思想探析

任何事物的发展,都有一定的逻辑基础蕴含其中。那么,当我们探讨如何正确建立国民经济大核算体系的模式时,同样有必要从国民经济核算的发展史去寻找它的逻辑基础。以马克思主义哲学为基本工具,以国民经济核算原理为基础,从国民经济核算思想发展的逻辑脉络上,去探讨了国民经济大核算体系的发展模式。     

"样板戏"话语对传统戏曲话语的传承与偏离

以今天的学术眼光来观照“样板戏”话语 ,可以看出“样板戏”话语既是打上了深重“文革”时代烙印 ,负载政治理念的独特话语 ,也是在传统戏曲话语体制的基础上生成 ,对传统戏曲话语精髓有所传承有所偏离的戏曲话语。戏曲话语本质上是一种有戏剧性的诗 ,所以话语富蕴诗情 ,形成了其特有的诗化特征。言情是一个形象甚而一个剧本成功与否的决定性因素 ,是戏曲形象的整体性特征。文章从“样板戏”话语对传统戏曲话语诗化特征的传承和言情特征的偏离两方面展开了讨论     

随机载荷作用下大位移单摆的非线性分析

本文应用非线性谱分析法对大位移单摆在随机激励作用下的非线性随机振动问题进行了研究。该方法勿需对非线性项线性化,从而消除了由于线性化所带来的人为误差,使计算结果趋于精确。结果表明,在小位移条件下,线性解可以得到较好的近似解,但线性解的误差随角位移的增大而显著增加。因此,对于六位移单摆,应当考虑其非线性效应。     

网络交际中的语言变异

语言的变异是网络交际中常见的一种语言现象。本文从词汇和语法两个方面通过实例对网络交际中的语言变异现象进行了归纳和分析,并就如何认识和规范网络用语提出参考意见。     

肯明斯诗歌中的偏离现象分析

偏离，简而言之就是违背语言规范和日常逻辑。美国现代派诗人肯明斯创造性地大量运用偏离，赋予诗歌独特的外形和深远的含义。苓文立足于Leech和Short的偏离研究，对肯明斯诗歌的语音、词汇、语法、书写及话语偏离进行分析，旨在展示其诗歌的实验性及美学效果。     

让批评走近作者——从《红字》评析说开去

作品解读的“多解”是“走近”和“背离”作者的复合现象.批评不仅要了解作者“想说什么”,还要阐明作品实际“说了什么”,从而使批评主体经由客体(作品)达至创作主体,发现作者的“我思”.批评家对作品意义的创造性“活化”,必须在作品提供的“意义框架”内进行.     

On the impact of contaminations in graphical Gaussian models

This paper analyzes the impact of some kinds of contaminant on model selection in graphical Gaussian models. We investigate four different kinds of contaminants, in order to consider the effect of gross errors, model deviations, and model misspecification. The aim of the work is to assess against which kinds of contaminant a model selection procedure for graphical Gaussian models has a more robust behavior. The analysis is based on simulated data. The simulation study shows that relatively few contaminated observations in even just one of the variables can have a significant impact on correct model selection, especially when the contaminated variable is a node in a separating set of the graph.