当前日本在华投资规模变化的成因分析及对策

利用外资是中国取得举世瞩目的经济成就的重要原因之一。现从日本对华投资规模入手,对其变化的成因进行分析,并针对这些问题提出相应对策。     

独立运行小型风力发电系统负载跟踪和充放电集成控制

本文分析了小型风力机的运行特性,提出了实现负载跟踪和充放电集成控制的系统结构,提取出系统的工作模式及工作模式之间的转换关系,给出了实现系统模式相应的控制策略.本文给出的负载跟踪和充放电集成控制方法有利于实现独立运行小型风力发电系统的优化及可靠运行.     

生产规模不经济性条件下考虑消费者偏好的智慧供应链扶贫模型研究

落后的生产技术和管理水平均会导致企业面临生产规模不经济问题，在扶贫背景下，农户的生产同样具有生产规模不经济性。本文分别构建"农户+智慧供应链平台"、"农户+批发商+智慧供应链平台"、"农户+合作社+智慧供应链平台"三种扶贫模式，并比较不同模式下供应链的分散式决策及政府的补贴策略。研究表明：三种模式下，消费者扶贫偏好系数对贫困农户、批发商及合作社均有正向影响。随着农户贫困程度的增大，消费者需求也会增加，进而使得供应链各主体及供应链整体的利润均有所增加。"农户+智慧平台"合作模式下农户、平台及供应链整体均获得最高利润，但是其规模不经济情况无法得到改善，且现阶段在贫困地区实施该模式难度较大；"农户+批发商+智慧供应链平台"合作模式下，农户的利润高于批发商和智慧平台的利润，但是供应链整体利润有所减少，规模不经济状况也未得到改善；"农户+合作社+智慧供应链平台"模式下，合作社为农户分担一定的规模不经济成本，农户及供应链整体利润均有所增加。除此之外，政府一方面需继续加大对智慧平台建设及运行的补贴，增加目标激励，以维持供应链各主体的利益均衡。另一方面应通过激励合作社的建立帮助农户提高知识技术水平，并使其逐步实现与智慧平台的自主合作。     

A pilot Monte Carlo study of two sequential estimation procedures based on generalized U-statistics

Recently two sequential estimation procedures based on generalized U-statistics have appeared in the statistical literature [Williams and Sen (1973, 1974)]. One of these procedures concerns the multi-sample problem of estimating a vector of parameters when the total sample size is fixed. The other procedure concerns the multi-sample problem of constructing a confidence ellipsoid of bounded maximum width for a vector of parameters. To supplement the asymptotic theory discussed in these earlier papers, a Monte Carlo study investigating the efficiency of these procedures for moderate sample sizes would be useful. This paper describes a preliminary Monte Carlo study utilizing a small number of replications and performed to provide information for the design of a more extensive study.     

Validating the Psychosocial Weil-Being Scale (PSWS) with Community Clients

Abstract

Brief, reliable and valid multidimensional tools are needed for routine assessment and evaluation by case managers and other practitioners working in community support programs with clients who abuse alcohol and other drugs. The Psycho-Social Weil-Being Scale was developed as part of a survey of two hundred and ninety-seven community clients for whom case managers assigned psychosocial ratings based on multiple sources of clinical data. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated good initial construct validity for the two-factor scale (psychological and social well-being), good internal consistency ratings, and good evidence of concurrent validity with substance abuse indices and other psychiatric indicators. Implications for further development and application of the scale are discussed.     

正态分布尺度参数基于残缺观测数据的置信区间

对于残缺的样本观测数据，讨论了正态分布总体尺度参数的区间估计问题。给出了适用于残缺观测数据的构造置信区间的一种方法，即只需知道样本的任意两个关于样本中心对称顺序统计量的值，就可求出总体多数的置信区间。讨论了相应的分布密度函数，给出了大样本近似分布。     

Exploring and Assessing Nonsocial Play in the Preschool: The Development and Validation of the Preschool Play Behavior Scale

Recently, researchers have investigated the different structural forms of young children's nonsocial play behaviors. The primary goal of this research was to develop and validate the Preschool Play Behavior Scale (PPBS) , a teacher rating scale designed to assess the multiple forms of young children's solitary behaviors. In this regard, two studies were conducted. In Study 1, 39 preschool children were observed, and their social and nonsocial behaviors recorded over a three month period. Teachers then completed the PPB S. Results supported the construct validity of the PPBS ; teacher-rated and observed nonsocial and social behaviors were significantly associated in predicted ways. In Study 2, parental (e.g., demographic, child temperament) and teacher (e.g., PPBS , child behavior problems) ratings were collected for 337 preschoolers. Results established the psychometric properties of the PPBS (e.g., inter-rater reliability, factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity).     

Location and scale parameter estimation from randomly censored data

The problem of location and scale parameter estimation from randomly censored data is analyzed through use of a regression model for the Kaplan-Meier quantlle process. Continuous time regression techniques are employed to construct estimators that are both asymptotically normal and efficient. Estimators with a particularly simple form are obtained for the Koziol-Green model for random censorship. In the event of no censoring the regression model, and resulting estimators, reduce to those proposed by Parzen (1979 a, b).     

Testtesting for the equality of scale parameters of k(> 2) exponential populations based on complete and type ii censored samples

This paper is concerned with testing the equality of scale parameters of K(> 2) two-parameter exponential distributions in presence of unspecified location parameters based on complete and type II censored samples. We develop a marginal likelihood ratio statistic, a quadratic statistic (Qu) (Nelson, 1982) based on maximum marginal likelihood estimates of the scale parameters under the null and the alternative hypotheses, a C(a) statistic (CPL) (Neyman, 1959) based on the profile likelihood estimate of the scale parameter under the null hypothesis and an extremal scale parameter ratio statistic (ESP) (McCool, 1979). We show that the marginal likelihood ratio statistic is equivalent to the modified Bartlett test statistic. We use Bartlett's small sample correction to the marginal likelihood ratio statistic and call it the modified marginal likelihood ratio statistic (MLB). We then compare the four statistics, MLBi Qut CPL and ESP in terms of size and power by using Monte Carlo simulation experiments. For the variety of sample sizes and censoring combinations and nominal levels considered the statistic MLB holds nominal level most accurately and based on empirically calculated critical values, this statistic performs best or as good as others in most situations. Two examples are given.     

Bernstein's languages of description: Some generative principles

There are numerous ways of displaying Likert‐type scales but only a few investigators have investigated these differences systematically. In this study we report the results that we found when we compared four different layouts: scales that went numerically from ‘0’ to ‘10’, or from ‘10’ to ‘0’, and scales that went verbally from ‘clear’ to ‘unclear’, or ‘unclear’ to ‘clear’. Over 450 participants rated each of seven aspects of a structured abstract in a web‐based study, with each one using only one of the four scale formats listed above. The resulting data showed that the scale ‘Clear – 10 … 0 – Unclear’ consistently led to significantly higher ratings in all seven cases. Such findings have implications for the design of Likert‐type scales and for the data that are gathered from them.