1921年上海公共租界乔杨案抗争的多重驱动——兼论近代上海马路商界联合会与同乡会的关系

1921年6月初,上海公共租界的四川路上发生了一起因买卖纠纷而枪击毙命的案件,称之为乔杨案.该案发生后,坊间迅速流传开来,在马路商联会、同乡会等商界团体的组织下,华商进行了理性抗争,对租界当局形成了强大的压力,凶犯受到了应有的法律制裁.在这场理性抗争中,街缘、乡缘与民族意识集结在一起,构成了抗争中的多重驱动力量,参与抗争的范围逐步扩大,参加抗争的人数逐渐增多,基于街缘性的马路商联会与基于乡缘性的同乡会在抗争中构建起了相互协调、一致行动的新型互动关系,同街、同乡等地域意识也成功地转化为民族意识.     

形声字意符与传统类属观念

传统类属观念是汉民族整体思维方式的产物,注重整体把握事物、强调事物之间的联系性。具体表现为取象比类与推演系联这两种基本方法。形声字意符表示的是事物的类属概念,体现了先人对于物质世界和精神世界的概括的认识,形声字意符的形成与意符系统的建立,是传统类属观念在文字领域的反映。     

Promoting the mental well-being of older people from black and minority ethnic communities in United Kingdom rural areas: Findings from an interview study

Drawing from 81 interviews with practitioners in social care and housing with care services in the United Kingdom, this paper explores practice issues in rural areas when supporting the mental health and well-being of older people from Black and minority ethnic groups. The paper begins with a review of the literature which provides evidence that BME older people are likely to be increasingly part of the populations of rural areas. Next it presents interview data revealing that while practitioners are aware of such demographic changes in general terms; some feel that they lack training and skills in adapting their professional practice to support all older people. Others express feelings of professional isolation in seeking to support older people from minority groups and are concerned that older people from minority groups may be at risk of isolation and loneliness. The paper concludes with a discussion of the study's implications for rural practice, policy and research.     

《搜神记》中的“是”字句——《搜神记》语言研究系列之二

"是"字判断句在战国末到两汉时期产生,之后有了很大的发展。处于中古时期的《搜神记》中的"是"字判断句在语法构成和表意功能等方面都和上古汉语情况有所不同:判断句的表达系统发生了变化;表判断的属性取代指代性成为"是"的最主要用法;"是"字判断句的使用促使了"非"字判断句的逐渐消亡;句末语气助词"也"的判断功能也逐渐退化。这些语法现象都反映出"是"字判断句在中古汉语时期的新变化。     

Clearing the FOG: Fuzzy,overlapping groups for social networks

Humans are well known to belong to many associative groups simultaneously, with various levels of affiliation. However, most group detection algorithms for social networks impose a strict partitioning on nodes, forcing entities to belong to a single group. Link analysis research has produced several methods which detect multiple memberships but force equal membership. This paper extends these approaches by introducing the FOG framework, a stochastic model and group detection algorithm for fuzzy, overlapping groups. We apply our algorithm to both link data and network data, where we use a random walk approach to generate rich links from networks. The results demonstrate that not only can fuzzy groups be located, but also that the strength of membership in a group and the fraction of individuals with exclusive membership are highly informative of emerging group dynamics.     

从《智者为王》看益智类电视节目在中国的发展

主要通过中国大陆益智类电视发展脉络的梳理 ,总结其雏形期、形成期以及更新期三个阶段的发展 ,并着重就更新期的“智者为王”节目进行深入的分析 ,研究其从重“知”而向揭示人性本体的重“智”的本质变化 ,最终简要提出了中国大陆益智类节目必须多元化和人性化的发展趋向 ,走出一条符合中国受众审美习惯的节目策划之路。     

勾建小微企业信用融资系统，疏通银企融资渠道

当前,小微企业难以从商业银行获得贷款支持,这严重制约了小微企业的发展。因此,通过研究构建小微企业信用融资系统,疏通小微企业与商业银行的对接渠道,解决小微企业融资难的问题;通过小微企业、贷款机构、政府园区、金融管理部门网络互联,共同打造信用融资公共平台,以解决小微企业融资难问题的具体实现路径。     

Analysis of generalized semiparametric mixed varying‐coefficients models for longitudinal data

The generalized semiparametric mixed varying‐coefficient effects model for longitudinal data can accommodate a variety of link functions and flexibly model different types of covariate effects, including time‐constant, time‐varying and covariate‐varying effects. The time‐varying effects are unspecified functions of time and the covariate‐varying effects are nonparametric functions of a possibly time‐dependent exposure variable. A semiparametric estimation procedure is developed that uses local linear smoothing and profile weighted least squares, which requires smoothing in the two different and yet connected domains of time and the time‐dependent exposure variable. The asymptotic properties of the estimators of both nonparametric and parametric effects are investigated. In addition, hypothesis testing procedures are developed to examine the covariate effects. The finite‐sample properties of the proposed estimators and testing procedures are examined through simulations, indicating satisfactory performances. The proposed methods are applied to analyze the AIDS Clinical Trial Group 244 clinical trial to investigate the effects of antiretroviral treatment switching in HIV‐infected patients before and after developing the T215Y antiretroviral drug resistance mutation. The Canadian Journal of Statistics 47: 352–373; 2019 © 2019 Statistical Society of Canada     

Link prediction in growing networks with aging

The link prediction problem aims to predict new links for future, or missing links or unobserved links in complex networks. Traditional link prediction methods are mostly concentrated on static networks. In this paper, we mainly explore link prediction problems in growing networks. We propose a series of time-sliced metrics to estimate the likelihood of the existence of missing links between two nodes for evolving networks based on traditional link prediction indices. We found that these proposed metrics outperform existing metrics for growing networks with time decay factor, especially when the decay factors are small. Besides, to improve prediction efficiency and practicability, we propose the function expressions for optimal slice number and decay factor for real-world networks. The formula enables us to estimate the aging speed of real growing networks, resulting in accurate and fast prediction of missing links in growing networks.     

Predictors of short-term decay of cell phone contacts in a large scale communication network

Under what conditions is an edge present in a social network at time t likely to decay or persist by some future time t + Δt? Previous research addressing this issue suggests that the network range of the people involved in the edge, the extent to which the edge is embedded in a surrounding structure, and the age of the edge all play a role in edge decay. This paper uses weighted data from a large-scale social network built from cell-phone calls in an 8-week period to determine the importance of edge weight for the decay/persistence process. In particular, we study the relative predictive power of directed weight, embeddedness, newness, and range (measured as outdegree) with respect to edge decay and assess the effectiveness with which a simple decision tree and logistic regression classifier can accurately predict whether an edge that was active in one time period continues to be so in a future time period. We find that directed edge weight, weighted reciprocity and time-dependent measures of edge longevity are highly predictive of whether we classify an edge as persistent or decayed, relative to the other types of factors at the dyad and neighborhood level.