A multivariate solution of the multivariate ranking and selection problem

The problem of selection of the best multivariate population is given a new formulation which does not involve reducing the populations to univariate quantities. This formulation's solution is developed for known, and (using the Heteroscedastic Method) also for unknown, variance-covariance matrices. Preference reversals and arbitrary nonlinear preference functions are explicitly allowed in this new theory     

晚清地方政府社会管理职能的变迁——以重庆消防管理为视角

晚清地方政府社会管理职能经历了从一体管理到合作管理,再到专职管理的变迁,这两次转变过程反映了地方政府在社会管理中扮演领导者的角色,有不可替代性;亦反映了从传统社会向现代社会过渡中地方政府自身存在的矛盾性与不平衡性。从政府管理职能角度来探讨传统社会现代化变迁的研究较为薄弱,而其中鲜以个案城市为切入点。以重庆消防管理为视角研究晚清地方政府社会管理职能的变迁,可以从一个侧面反映出中国社会从传统到现代的艰难转型历程。     

Combinatoric classification of multivariate normal variates

Consider classifying an n × I observation vector as coming from one of two multivariate normal distributions which differ both in mean vectors and covariance matrices. A class of dis-crimination rules based upon n independent univariate discrim-inate functions is developed yielding exact misclassification probabilities when the population parameters are known. An efficient search of this class to select the procedure with minimum expected misclassification is made by employing an algorithm of the implicit enumeration type used in integer programming. The procedure is applied to the classification of male twins as either monozygotic or dizygotic.     

语境与语篇连贯

连贯是语篇最基本的特征之一 ,影响语篇连贯有多种因素 ,语境则是其中之一。在语言学习过程中拟对语境在语篇连贯中的功能进行分析 ,探讨语境与连贯之间的关系 ,揭示语篇连贯的某些成因与机制是必要的     

Flexible regression modeling

The author proposes a new method for flexible regression modeling of multi‐dimensional data, where the regression function is approximated by a linear combination of logistic basis functions. The method is adaptive, selecting simple or more complex models as appropriate. The number, location, and (to some extent) shape of the basis functions are automatically determined from the data. The method is also affine invariant, so accuracy of the fit is not affected by rotation or scaling of the covariates. Squared error and absolute error criteria are both available for estimation. The latter provides a robust estimator of the conditional median function. Computation is relatively fast, particularly for large data sets, so the method is well suited for data mining applications.     

知识服务业产业效能研究:理论与实证分析

知识服务业具有内部和外部两大产业效能:借助这两大效能,知识服务业通过专业人员和专业手段为其他产业提供各类知识服务产品,将知识资源最有效率地配置到企业、个人或公共部门中去,从而促进当地经济的增长.全国特别是北京、上海和浙江地区知识服务业的发展与经济增长之间的实证分析有力地支持了这一结论.     

Survival of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13565 in Intermediate Moisture Foods is Highly Variable

Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive, enterotoxin-producing coccus. It is a hardy organism and known to survive over a wide range of water activities, pH values, and temperatures. The objective of this study was to model the survival or gradual inactivation of S. aureus ATCC 13565 in intermediate moisture foods (IMFs). Various initial concentrations (approximately 10(1), 10(2), 10(3), and 10(4) CFU/g) were used to inoculate three different IMFs (beefsteak, bread, and chicken pockets). Viable counts were determined up to 60 days using tryptic soy agar. Inoculum size did not influence the survival or gradual inactivation of S. aureus in these foods. The rate of change (increase or decrease) in log CFU/day was calculated for every consecutive pair of data points and by linear regression for each inactivation curve. Both consecutive pair and linear regression rates of change were fit to logistic distributions (with parameters alpha and beta) for each food. Based on the distribution parameters, survival or gradual inactivation of S. aureus was predicted by computer simulation. The simulations indicated an overall decline in S. aureus population over time, although a small fraction of samples in the consecutive pair simulation showed a slight population increase even after 60 days, consistent with the observed data. Simulation results were compared to predictions from other computer models. The models of Stewart et al., were fail-safe, predicting the possibility of significant growth only after > 3,000 days. The USDA pathogen modeling program predictions were found to be fail-dangerous, predicting declines at least four times faster than observed.     

论我国非营利组织的社会职能与发展模式

非营利组织既非政府,也非企业,它的社会职能是生产准公共物品,以造福社会.我国的非营利组织必须根据所处的政治、经济环境,从自身的社会职能和现实职能的方式出发,建立经济的产业化、方向的非营利、管理的行业化发展模式.     

英语双关修辞格的语义模式及语用功能

一、引言双关语是一种常见的修辞格,利用语言文字的同音或多义的关系,使一个词或一句话关涉到两件事,例如:“A Can-nonball took off h is legs,so he laid down h is arm s.”(“炮弹打断了他的腿,所以他放下了武器”)在这句话中,采用同词异义或一词多义以为诙谐之用,这里的“     

论传统市场功能在电子市场新形势下的变化

在经济社会中,市场总是占据着最重要的地位。电子市场是随着电子商务的发展而出现的一类新型的、虚拟的、以互联网为基础的市场。在电子市场环境下,传统市场功能产生了变化,这些变化强化了市场的功能。文章在界定电子市场的基础上,从交易模式、搜寻交易对手、产品提供、价格发现等多角度对传统市场功能在电子市场背景下的变化作了讨论,并对如何促进电子市场功能的有效发挥提出一些建议。