丹尼特的“语义引擎”研究

为了说明表征的语义从何而来的问题,丹尼特提出语义引擎的概念。他认为,大脑是一台语法机器,但通过进化过程和多重草稿式的处理,大脑获得动态的、外在的表征内容和格式,从而能够完好处理语义。     

强势民主理论及其对当代中国民主实践的启示

作为当代参与式民主理论的重要代表,本杰明巴伯认为自由主义对代议制的强调和对公民参与的排斥已经使自由主义的民主沦为＂弱势民主＂。为了修正自由主义民主的缺陷,巴伯主张通过基层民主的公民实践来培养＂强势民主＂的行动。巴伯的强势民主理论推动了参与式民主的发展,深化了人们对民主的认识,并为民主实践的扩展提供了新的途径,同时,也为我国建设有中国特色的社会主义民主政治提供了参考。     

Project Re•Vision: disability at the edges of representation

The representational history of disabled people can largely be characterized as one of being put on display or hidden away. Self-representations have been a powerful part of the disability rights and culture movement, but recently scholars have analysed the ways in which these run the risk of creating a ‘single story’ that centres the experiences of white, western, physically disabled men. Here we introduce and theorize with Project Re?Vision, our arts-based research project that resists this singularity by creating and centring, without normalizing, representations that have previously been relegated to the margins. We draw from body becoming and new materialist theory to explore the dynamic ways in which positionality illuminates bodies of difference and open into a discussion about what is at stake when these stories are let loose into the world.     

Creating the collective: social media,the Occupy Movement and its constitution as a collective actor

This paper examines the process through which Occupy activists came to constitute themselves as a collective actor and the role of social media in this process. The theoretical framework combines Melucci's (1996 Melucci, A. (1996). Challenging codes: Collective action in the information age. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.[Crossref] , [Google Scholar]) theory of collective identity with insights from the field of organizational communication and particularly from the ‘CCO’ strand – short for ‘Communication is Constitutive of Organizing’. This allows us to conceptualize collective identity as an open-ended and dynamic process that is constructed in conversations and codified in texts. Based on interviews with Occupy activists in New York, London and other cities, I then discuss the communication processes through which the movement was drawing the boundaries with its environment, creating codes and foundational documents, as well as speaking in a collective voice. The findings show that social media tended to blur the boundaries between the inside and the outside of the movement in a way that suited its values of inclusiveness and direct participation. Social media users could also follow remotely the meetings of the general assembly where the foundational documents were ratified, but their voices were not included in the process. The presence of the movement on social media also led to conflicts and negotiations around Occupy's collective voice as constructed on these platforms. Thus, viewing the movement as a phenomenon emerging in communication allows us an insight into the efforts of Occupy activists to create a collective that was both inclusive of the 99% and a distinctive actor with its own identity.     

Tests for Coefficients in High‐dimensional Additive Hazard Models

We consider hypothesis testing problems for low‐dimensional coefficients in a high dimensional additive hazard model. A variance reduced partial profiling estimator (VRPPE) is proposed and its asymptotic normality is established, which enables us to test the significance of each single coefficient when the data dimension is much larger than the sample size. Based on the p‐values obtained from the proposed test statistics, we then apply a multiple testing procedure to identify significant coefficients and show that the false discovery rate can be controlled at the desired level. The proposed method is also extended to testing a low‐dimensional sub‐vector of coefficients. The finite sample performance of the proposed testing procedure is evaluated by simulation studies. We also apply it to two real data sets, with one focusing on testing low‐dimensional coefficients and the other focusing on identifying significant coefficients through the proposed multiple testing procedure.     

家庭知识资源贫困的代际传承与文化不适——兰州市回族学校回族学生低升学率原因的调查与分析

本文运用社会学和人类学的方法对兰州市回族学校回族学生低升学率的原因进行了调查与分析,认为家庭知识资源贫困与文化不适是造成回族学生低升学率的主要原因,并提出了相当的建议。     

试论技术创新战略取向的根本性转变

自然资源、生态环境以及社会人文等系统对于传统的以追求经济利益为惟一目标的单维度取向的技术创新的支撑能力的不断弱化,迫使我们不得不对技术创新的内涵和外延进行反思,并提出由单维度取向的技术创新战略向多维度取向的技术创新战略转型的新命题。     

立体化EST英语教材体系初探

众多专家学者指出,大学英语教学的中心应逐渐从通用英语向专业英语转移,以着力培养学生的英语工作能力作为专业英语规模最大,内容最丰富的一个分支,科技英语教材的建设和发展关系到专业英语教学改革的成败。通过对部分高校科技英语教材使用情况的调查,分析了目前高校EST（English for Science and Technology）英语教材建设中存在的问题：教材选材过难、形式单一、不能利用先进的网络学习环境。针对这些问题,提出了建设包括分级课本、多媒体光盘和网络学习平台在内的立体化EST教材体系的构想,并提出EST教材编写的具体建议。     

数字线估计表征研究评述

数字线估计是估计数字在线段上的位置。采用行为实验和电生理法研究被试、材料和环境因素对数字线估计的影响,构建了基于对数、等级可变性、线性、幂函数等单一表征的早期模型和幂函数模型及基于多重假说的叠波理论,尽管这些理论都能解释表征的发展特点,但叠波理论能更好地解释数字线估计的心理机制。     

视觉再现的理论与文本

对视觉再现符号的理论与实践进行了开拓性的探索,在对再现理论的源流的梳理中,提出从符号学角度将再现观念与西方当代哲学和美学理论中的“凝视”相联系,从文本与语境角度分析其理论意义与价值。符号机制则是切入的特有角度,从电影符号与绘画角度来看,这一机制的形成具有意义阐释的特性。文章结合以伦勃朗绘画为题材的电影符号表达分析了符号机制的形态,展示了文本特性。