论校园导向标识的人性化设计

校园导向标识系统中引入人性化设计理念,体现了"为人而设计"的本质,具有文化性、关怀性、形象性、连续性和统一性等五个特征,校园导向标识人性化设计的表现方法可从地图标识、指示标识、名称标识和安全规范标识四方面尝试。     

Small‐sphere distributions for directional data with application to medical imaging

We propose novel parametric concentric multi‐unimodal small‐subsphere families of densities for p ? 1 ≥ 2‐dimensional spherical data. Their parameters describe a common axis for K small hypersubspheres, an array of K directional modes, one mode for each subsphere, and K pairs of concentrations parameters, each pair governing horizontal (within the subsphere) and vertical (orthogonal to the subsphere) concentrations. We introduce two kinds of distributions. In its one‐subsphere version, the first kind coincides with a special case of the Fisher–Bingham distribution, and the second kind is a novel adaption that models independent horizontal and vertical variations. In its multisubsphere version, the second kind allows for a correlation of horizontal variation over different subspheres. In medical imaging, the situation of p ? 1 = 2 occurs precisely in modeling the variation of a skeletally represented organ shape due to rotation, twisting, and bending. For both kinds, we provide new computationally feasible algorithms for simulation and estimation and propose several tests. To the best knowledge of the authors, our proposed models are the first to treat the variation of directional data along several concentric small hypersubspheres, concentrated near modes on each subsphere, let alone horizontal dependence. Using several simulations, we show that our methods are more powerful than a recent nonparametric method and ad hoc methods. Using data from medical imaging, we demonstrate the advantage of our method and infer on the dominating axis of rotation of the human knee joint at different walking phases.     

A general inversion theorem for cointegration

A generalization of the Granger and the Johansen Representation Theorems valid for any (possibly fractional) order of integration is presented. This Representation Theorem is based on inversion results that characterize the order of the pole and the coefficients of the Laurent series representation of the inverse of a matrix function around a singular point. Explicit expressions of the matrix coefficients of the (polynomial) cointegrating relations, of the Common Trends and of the Triangular representations are provided, either starting from the Moving Average or the Auto Regressive form. This contribution unifies different approaches in the literature and extends them to an arbitrary order of integration. The role of deterministic terms is discussed in detail.     

角色参照语法的分析框架及其解释能力探析

角色参照语法是20世纪70年代以来发展起来的一种结构功能语法。论文尝试评述其主要的语法分析框架,并以英语和汉语为例探究其对不同语言的解释能力。角色参照语法成功地将语篇、语用因素融入到句法结构的分析之中,因此,它不仅能够较好地解释英语等形合语言的结构特征,也适用于具有意合特征的汉语等语言的结构分析。角色参照语法比传统的形式语法具有更大的灵活性和适用性。     

Crossing the border: immigrant student identities in Swaziland schools

This paper sets out to explore how the resettlement of immigrant students in a host country and schooling context influenced the constitution, negotiation and representation of their identities. Data capture included a mix of semi-structured interviews, focus group interviews, observations and a researcher journal. Data were analyzed by means of the content analysis method. Findings were fivefold. First, the sociocultural context influenced the way immigrant students constructed their identities. Second, categorization was based on phenotypical features, accent, negative attitudes and stereotypical perceptions of immigrants by Swaziland society. Third negotiated identities were multiple in nature and rooted in their culture of origin. Fourth, self-determination was a strong trait of immigrants; reflected in their work ethic, in the resolution of culture conflicts, and in their drive to achieve linguistic competency. And fifth, psychosocial passing was consistent with second generation immigrants. New knowledge generated from this study revealed that African immigrants preferred to be clustered with Mozambican immigrants, as it provided solid ground from which they negotiated identities in Swaziland schools. Mozambican immigrants recruited other African immigrants into their cluster, which they referred to as the ‘Chico nation’. And, the culture of non-Christian immigrants was suppressed to promote Christian religious beliefs and values.     

网络舆情评估EHA三维指标体系的构建

随着网络在我国的兴起和发展,网络舆情的评估已经成为评价和预警社会形势的重要指标.通过对现有舆情研究的调研和分析,得出由舆情要素、舆情热度和舆情活性3个一级指标、7个二级指标以及14个三级指标共同构建的网络舆情评估的EHA三维指标体系,并对各级指标给出了详尽的分析和阐述.     

广告创意的新观念构想

广告创意要遵循一定的创意原则,使之成为一种更为理性、更为科学的广告创作步骤.真正的广告创意是由目标消费者所需、产品的定位和市场局势三者的最佳结合所产生出来的,因此,广告创意必须为广告目标消费者服务,广告表现必须为广告目标服务,同时,广告创意是整体的运作过程.     

心理表征及其特征

认知科学的心理表征是有机体环境信息的载体,认知系统具有一种承载信息的内部状态,即中介状态.这种中介状态具有五种特征,即持久性、差异性、抽象性、具有成分结构和受规则控制.讨论心理表征的深层次问题对于说明各种认知能力非常重要.     

语言意义的象似表征

意义的象似表征理论动摇了索绪尔语言学中任意性的定律.根据皮尔斯的符号学理论,分析了语言意义象似表征的理论基础及象似的标准,介绍了皮尔斯符号学理论在语言象似性研究中的地位及应用,指出语言的意义是通过从次象似符到真象似符的连续体上的某一象似符来表征的,并在语篇层面上通过内指象似(即语篇内部的象似)和外指象似(即语篇外部的象似)阐述了语言意义的表征过程;介绍了语篇间的象似性(即互文性),结合语用象似的观点,分析了意义在传递过程中的象似性.     

Effective elements of care-physical activity initiatives for adults with a low socioeconomic status: A concept mapping study with health promotion experts

In care-physical activity (care-PA) initiatives, primary care and sports are combined to stimulate PA among adults at risk of lifestyle related diseases. Preliminary results from Dutch care-PA initiatives for adults with a low socioeconomic status (SES) indicate a decrease in participants’ body weight and an improved quality of life, however, the elements that make these initiatives successful are yet to be identified. In total, 19 Dutch health promotion experts participated in our concept mapping (CM) of the effective elements of care-PA initiatives for adults with a low SES. The experts identified 111 effective elements of these initiatives, which were grouped into 11 clusters, focusing on: 1) approaching participants within the care-PA initiative, 2) barriers experienced throughout the initiative, 3) long-term implementation, 4) customizing the care-PA initiative to the target population, 5) social support, 6) structure and guidance, 7) the professionals within the care-PA initiative, 8) the accessibility of the care-PA initiative, 9) targeted behaviour and progression, 10) recruitment and administration, and 11) intersectoral collaboration. CM was useful for creating a valuable overview of these effective elements. Our results could be used to improve the development and implementation of future care-PA initiatives for adults with a low SES.