问答题自动评判技术的研究与实现

研究了问答题的自动评判问题,提出了基于问答题自身特点的计算机自动评判技术。该技术从答案表述方式和关键词及逻辑关系来实现计算机的自动评判,使系统具有更好的灵活性、智能性和准确性,更加符合考试评卷的要求。     

Health-related disabilities and matching of spouses: Analysis of Swedish population data

Recent research concerning the incidence of reported work-limiting disabilities in the married population indicates a degree of interdependence between spouses' disabilities. This pattern is consistent with several hypotheses. Spouses tend to share many lifestyle traits that might lead to common health outcomes. Alternatively, their joint reports might reflect a shared preference for income benefits or workplace accommodations available to disabled individuals. Another possibility is that disabled individuals tend to be matched in the process of marital formation. This paper investigates the latter hypothesis. Taking advantage of a unique data set from the Swedish population, we select a sample of recently married couples and trace them back in time to their single years. Our analysis indicates nonrandom matching on the basis of disability status. After controlling for observed traits such as age and education, we find a residual correlation between future spouses that is positive and strongly significant. The magnitude of the correlation is within the range of residual correlations obtained from other studies that address marital matching in the contexts of education and earnings. The authors wish to thank anonymous referees and the editors of this journal for helpful comments and prompt reviews. Responsible editor: Christian Dustmann.     

任意旋成面叶栅跨声速流动变域变分及可变结点的间断有限元解法

本文在叶轮机械任意旋成面正命题变分理论的基础上,对含激波跨声速叶栅绕流的变分泛函进行了间断有限无数值离散,用人工密度与间断元变域变分相结合的方法求解了任意旋成面跨声速的挚函数近似方程,获得了比较理想的计算结果。     

Amemiya's generalized least squares and tests of overidentification in simultaneous equation models with qualitative or limited dependent variables

Amemiya's generalized least squares method for the estimation of simultaneous equation modeis with qualitative or limited dependent variables is known to be efficient relative to many popular two stage estimators. This note points out that test statistics for overidentification restrictions can be obtained as by-products of Amerniya's generalized least squares procedure. Amemiya's procedure is shown to be a minimum chisquare method. The Amemiya procedure is valuable both for efficient estimation and for model evaluation of such models.     

L1-Tightness and the law of large numbers in D(IR)

This article presents laws of large numbers for random elements of D(IR). The proofs bring forth the similarities between processes restricted to compact sets of D (IR) and processes with increasing trajectories. The results appear to generalize existing results and cover the independent identically distributed case studied by Ranga Rao.     

藏语白色颜色词的文化内涵

藏民族在审美心理中把“白色”视为洁净、诚挚、正直、高尚、忠诚、磊落品德的象征和寄托，体现了藏民族独特的思维方式和文化模式。     

李商隐的诗境界——第9世纪巴洛克式[1]的中国诗人

刘若愚(James L.Y. Liu,1926-1986)教授是美国著名华裔中英比较诗学研究家。他的《李商隐的诗》是美国汉学界研究李商隐最重要的成果,于1969年由美国芝加哥大学出版社出版。本文探讨李商隐的诗在具体表达不同的境界上有多么成功,并且揭示这些是什么样的境界。译者由原版译出,原载该书第207-219页。为了中国读者阅读方便,译者加上了各节标题。该书在中国翻译出版,得到刘若愚教授遗著托付人林理彰(Richard John Lynn)教授的支持,谨致谢忱!     

Role of motives and attributes in consumer motion picture choice

The study focuses on consumer motion picture motives and choice criteria. Its purpose can be specified into the following objectives: (1) to examine the motivational basis of cinema attending. (2) to examine the predictive ability of movie motives and consumers' attribute importances in preference regressions of four types of movie, (3) to carry out a motion picture choice analysis by predicting audience membership with discriminant analysis. The data is based on a convinience sample of Finnish consumers (N = 228) attending one of the following types of movie: adventures/ thrillers, human/ social dramas, sex movies, entertainment movies.The results of a group of multivariate analyses (factor analysis, canonical correlation, preference regression, and discriminant analysis) indicate that consumers attending different types of films have distinctly separate motivation bases, as well as attribute importance profiles, underlying their movie choices. Each movie type had a specific preference structure, expressed by the regression coefficients. Finally, the discriminant analysis suggests that the general motive and attribute variables are effective also in predicting motion picture choice. On balance, the results were mutually supportive and exemplify the managerial usefulness of quantitative consumer analysis also in the case of such abstract leisure products as motion pictures.     

Corporate support mechanisms for families: An exploratory study and agenda for research and evaluation

Based on telephone interviews with representatives from 16 corporations in the Baltimore-Washington area, this article explores the awareness of corporate officers of the linkages between work and family systems, their perceived responsibility for implementing policies and services that lend support to the family circumstances of employees, and the types of actions they had initiated in their corporations to help employees better balance work and family demands. Study results demonstrate limited awareness among corporate officers toward the work and family interface, employer uncertainty about corporate responsibilities for the family situation and demands of employees, and limited corporate development of family-oriented policies and services. These results are discussed in the context of recent federal initiatives to encourage greater corporate response to the family circumstances of employees. Implications are suggested for further research and evaluation.     

从二语词汇习得的心理表征与发展看词汇僵化现象的成因

中国英语学习者(并列双语者)二语词汇知识的内部结构由词目和词位组成。二语词汇的心理表征和发展分为三个阶段:形式阶段、母语词目中介阶段和整合阶段。并列双语者在达到第二阶段后出现词汇僵化现象,其主要原因在于母语词目信息占据了二语词目空间,二语词目知识被挡在二语词条知识之外,无法实现全面合理有效的整合。因此,二语词条的发展不能自然地过渡到整合阶段,致使二语词汇知识无法变成词汇能力。解除词汇僵化的有效途径是,在中高级二语学习阶段尽量避免母语中介作用和翻译法,采用语境法习得语义。这样,二语形式与二语语义或概念之间可建立直接紧密的联系,认知型词汇可发展成活用型词汇。