An Estimator of the Exponent of Regular Variation Based on K-Record Values

Let {X _n:n ≥ 1} be an i.i.d. sequence of random variables with a continuous distribution function F. Under the assumption that the upper tail of Fis regularly varying with exponent 1/α, α > 0, we study the asymptotic properties of an estimator of α based on k-record values.     

语境在语言习得过程中的作用

在语言习得过程中,语境因素制约和补充习得者所获取的语言知识.当儿童习得母语时,语境提供语言材料供模仿,并帮助纠正习得过程中的种种误差.在第二语言习得(如汉族人习得英语)过程中,词汇的积累、阅读理解和口头交际等方面都必须依赖具体的语境.     

Estimation under generalized sampling of cell proportions for contingency tables subject to marginal constraints

Under simple random (multinomial) sampling the problem of estimating cell proportions for a contingency table subject to marginal constraints has been well explored. We briefly review methods that have been considered; then we develop a general method, for more complicated sampling, which reflects the variance structure of the estimated cell proportions. For stratified and cluster sampling we compare our method against earlier methods for the 2×2 table and find it potentially advantageous.     

A note on the rate of intergenerational convergence of earnings

We show that “convergence” to mean earnings in intergenerational earnings mobility models will be a function not only of the single-generation correlation of earnings, but also of the properties of the unobserved stochastic distribution of shocks to earnings. Received: 24 March 1998/Accepted: 13 November 1998     

论《白鹿原》中的传统文化元素

《白鹿原》真实地还原了20世纪中国国民的生存状态,挖掘了民族传统文化的多重元素,如儒家仁义与忠孝文化、宗法家族文化、农耕文化、传宗接代文化、男权文化与女性贞洁文化、民间神秘文化、土匪文化、传统民俗文化等,正面描写了仍存活于民间生活状态中的传统价值体系,塑造了具有儒家文化人格魅力的白嘉轩形象,也揭示了传统文化对人性的种种压抑与迫害等负面因素。     

The efficiency of government spending on health: Evidence from Europe and Central Asia

This paper uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) to evaluate health expenditures to demonstrate how productivity has changed over time for 46 selected countries in Europe and Central Asia. Our results show that countries could have increased output by 1.2% given the existing level of inputs. The patterns of efficiency change for the observed countries are further analyzed using the Malmquist productivity index (MPI). Decreased productivity growth is related to technical change. Finally, we regress efficiency scores on a set of environmental variables using a Tobit model. The positive influence of hospital beds and primary schooling on efficiency scores demonstrates that countries with better medical environments and a greater number of educational years may enjoy increased efficiency. In addition, there exists a regional effect between Europe and Central Asia.     

调频广播用数字立体声编码器的数字内插处理

介绍了采用ＤＳＰ芯片ＴＭＳ３２０Ｃ５０及高速Ａ／Ｄ芯片实现的调频广播用的数字调频立体声编码器及其结构。研究了数字内插器的实现方法，讨论了基于凯泽窗的半带滤波器的设计步骤。该数字化方案不仅改善了音质，提高了立体声通道隔离度，而且减少了运算量，便于工程实现，并给出了实验测试结果。     

Critical Bellman–Harris branching processes with infinite variance allowing state-dependent immigration

The branching processes with state-dependent immigration are considered as alternating regenerative processes. The main purpose is to demonstrate some new “regenerative” methods. Critical Bellman–Harris branching processes with state-dependent immigration are investigated and new limit theorems are obtained in the case of an infinite offspring variance and possibly infinite mean of the immigrants.     

Numerical algorithms for solving nonlinear L р-norm estimation problems: part II - a mixture method for large residual and illo-conditioned problems

The nonlinear least squares algorithm of Gill and Murray (1978) is extended and modified to solve nonlinear L _р-norm estimation problems efficiently. The new algorithm uses a mixture of 1st-order derivative (Guass-Newton) and 2nd-order derivative (Newton) search directions. A new rule for selecting the “grade” r of the p-jacobiab matrix J_p was also incorporated. This brought about rapid convergence of the algorithm on previously reported test examples.     

A control in stratified sampling

A new expression of the variance of the units from a stratified finite population wit L strata, is obtained in funcions of the means L–1 strata, and in conseqeuence we obtained formulae which relates the mean of a stratum in a statistical study with the population mean and the ones of the remaining strate. As an application, we obtained a useful checking of the estimation consistency by stratified sampling in any precies survey