中美在中东的共同利益与分歧

美国是当代世界的霸权国家,中国则是世界影响力日益增强的地区性大国。在中东,两国在能源安全、反扩散、反恐和维护地区稳定等方面都存在广泛的共同利益。但是,由于两国在国家实力、国际地位和文化传统等方面的差异,中美在中东地区又存在分歧与矛盾。随着中国国家力量的不断增强,中美两国既有更多的合作机会,又有相互竞争的可能。     

美国对外援助政策及其价值取向

对外援助是战后国际关系的一个重要内容 ,对外援助是国内政治的拓展 ,是一个国家推行其外交政策的工具。当然 ,随着国与国之间在经济、文化方面依赖的不断加强 ,特别是随着非政府组织的介入 ,对外援助在很大程度上也越来越追求更多的人文关怀。美国是世界上开展官方发展援助最早的国家 ,在规模和程度上也非其他国家所能比拟 ,美国推行的对外援助政策集中体现了美国人的价值取向     

Central bank credibility and monetary policy in Indonesia

This paper examines the role of central bank credibility in achieving an inflation target and proposes monetary policy rules for Indonesia. Towards that end, we construct and estimate a forward-looking small scale macroeconomic model (SSMM) of the Indonesian economy by adapting the theoretical underpinnings of the well-known Batini–Haldane model, along with the Taylor policy rule. Our results indicate that it is crucial for the Indonesian central bank to bolster its credibility in order to achieve a lower inflation rate. The inflation–output volatility trade-off frontier we derived from the SSMM shows that a monetary policy rule that targets both inflation and output gaps will result in less macroeconomic volatility. We also found that the inclusion of the exchange rate into the rule as an additional feedback variable warrants consideration in the future course of monetary policy management.     

香港科技發展的經驗及其對澳門的啟示

從97年回歸至今,香港的科技有了很大的發展。香港在發展過程中所制訂的科技發展策略和科技政策都非常值得澳門學習,本文對回歸以來香港的科技政策進行了全面回顧,由此歸納出可资澳門借鑒的科技政策。     

简牍所见王莽对匈奴采取的政策

王莽即位后,对匈奴采取一系列错误政策。首先是更改匈奴名号,其次是分封匈奴十五位单于。简牍中不仅记载了这两件事情,而且还补充了非常重要的细节。     

开放民主创新 大气合作和谐——试论作为管理政策对象的高校教师

高校教师管理政策是为实现高等教育及其相关社会事业发展目标规范和激励高校教师行为并促进其素质提高以胜任所承担的社会角色要求、促进群体稳定发挥整体功能的行动方案或行为依据.教师管理政策要在价值选择、合法性、有效性等三个价值向度上体现出较高的水平并实现预定目标,除了熟悉背景资料、掌握技术要领之外,对政策实施对象即高校教师的了解与把握同样十分重要.本文主要从大学背景、文化视野、社会环境、管理组织与科学文化团体、制定主体与接受主体等五个维度对高校教师进行透视和把握,并提出一些提高政策信度和效率的建设性意见.     

我国私营经济政策的演变及创新建议

新中国成立后 ,我国关于私营经济的方针政策经历了一个特殊的历程。在追寻私营经济政策在建国初期 ,改革开放后两大时期的政策演变轨迹的基础上 ,提出完善市场准入政策 ,优化私营经济结构 ,完善社会化援助改策和权益保护政策 ,优化私营经济的发展环境 ,完善监督管理政策等我国私营经济政策创新建议     

Planning in the Middle East, moving toward the future

This paper, summarizes the lessons learned in this special issue of Habitat International on Planning Issues in the Middle East. After summarizing the highlights of the papers included in the issue, the paper looks ahead to the challenges facing the region's planners. These include coping with the rapid growth of cities, developing stronger planning institutions, integrating events in urban areas with the rural hinterlands, incorporating consultation with the public in the planning processes and meeting the inevitable challenges that will accompany globalization.     

Evaluating employee assistance policy in an HMO-based alcoholism project.

One aspect of successful employee assistance program (EAP) implementation is the adoption of a formal, written policy, reflecting company commitment to EAP guidelines and goals. This study of criteria predictive of such policy adoption was conducted at the occupational alcoholism project of a New England health maintenance organization (HMO). Data on nearly 400 organizations contacted by occupational program consultants (OPCs) over a 20-month period were collected by questionnaire and interview. One third of these organizations adopted employee assistance policies and set about establishing formal programs. Stepwise multiple regression is the principal method used to pinpoint the correlates of policy adoption. Two of the most important of these are the attitudes of contact persons within the organization toward alcoholism and employee assistance programs, particularly their admission of alcohol problems within their social networks; and the consultants' persistence and marketing skills. The adopting organizations also had reputations for being progressive, and actively concerned about employee welfare; they tended to be large, their executives autonomous, and their union membership rates high. Inhibiting policy acceptance were fears that a written policy would jeopardize the reputation and image of the organization, and that an employee assistance program would remove internal control of personal procedures. The adequacy of the evaluative data and methods are discussed, and recommendations are offered in the interests of streamlining the efforts of OPCs and of achieving greater penetration of targeted organizations.     

论美国中东政策中的理想主义与现实主义

在国际关系理论中,现实主义和理想主义是两种相互对立的理论,二者对美国的外交理念及外交政策均产生了重要的影响。本文回顾了这两种外交理念的传统渊源,进而分析了其对美国中东政策的影响。无论是理想主义还是现实主义,美国不同时期的中东政策的立足点都是美国的国家利益。