吉林省开发农村消费市场对策研究

吉林省是农业大省,要保持吉林省经济持续快速健康发展,离不开农村市场的开拓,居民消费状况是反映经济水平的重要指标,健康科学消费是发展农村经济的重要途径。因此,在全面建设社会主义新农村的背景下,认真分析吉林省农村消费市场的现状和问题,千方百计扩大农村消费市场,对吉林省经济又好又快地发展具有重大意义。     

基于土地资源约束条件下的上海劣势产业退出研究

当前,面对国际金融危机冲击和国内经济增长放缓的严峻局面,保持经济平稳较快增长是首要任务。上海土地资源有限,劣势产业及时退出去才能实现“腾笼换鸟”,把优势产业引进来。优胜劣汰是市场竞争的基本原则,是提高经济运行效率、保持经济快速增长的源泉,而劣势产业退出机制的建立是实现优胜劣汰的前提。对上海而言,“调结构”是“保增长”的基础、捷径和出路。金融危机对我们是一个挑战,但也是产业结构调整和优化升级的一次机遇,顺势而为,把市场“倒逼”机制和政府的主动调整相结合,及时帮助劣势产业实现退出,对上海经济的长期平稳增长具有重要的意义。     

农村居民储蓄现状及对策分析

改革开放以来,中国农民收入增长较快,储蓄增长的幅度更快。农民收入持续增加、对未来预期不确定、融资渠道缺乏等是造成农村居民高储蓄的主要原因,因此需要采取增加农民收入、加强流动性建设、加强社会保障等措施,以减少高储蓄带来的负面影响。     

Spatial relationships between mate acquisition probability and aggregation size in a gregarious coreid bug, (Colpula lativentris): A case of the ideal free distribution under perceptual constraints

Summary Spatial relationships of mate acquisition probability for individuals of both sexes of a gregariously-mating coreid bug,Colpula lativentris, were studied in relation to aggregation size. Operational sex ratio was always strongly male biased. Mate acquisition probability of females was rather constant and independent of aggregation size, as predicted by an ideal free distribution. Moreover laboratory experiments showed that both multiple mating and rearing density little affected female fecundity, suggesting ideal free distribution of females in terms of reproductive success. On the other hand, mate acquisition probability of males was higher in larger aggregations, where more receptive females were available. This male discrepancy from an ideal free distribution was similar to the patterns predicted by an ideal free distribution under perceptual constraints (Abrahams, 1986), but not by that under unequal competitive ability.     

产业投资基金对技术创新的影响：芯片企业的实证研究

我国芯片企业实现技术创新仍面临挑战。基于资源基础理论、市场失灵理论和良性循环理论，提出国家集成电路产业投资基金（简称“国家大基金”）促进企业技术创新的五个假说，选取2014-2021年间获得国家大基金的芯片企业，检验国家大基金对企业技术创新的影响，并探究国家大基金分别作用于芯片产业链的三个分支产业链企业的作用效果差异。结果表明：获得国家大基金的芯片企业比未获得的企业有更多创新产出；国家大基金通过融资约束缓解机制显著促进了企业技术创新；国家大基金保障年限与芯片企业技术创新呈U型关系，且芯片企业所在的地区创业投资环境在二者中起调节作用。     

ESTIMATION OF PARAMETERS IN THE MARGINAL FISHER DISTRIBUTION1

The Fisher distribution is frequently used as a model for the probability distribution of directional data, which may be specified either in terms of unit vectors or angular co-ordinates (co-latitude and azimuth). If, in practical situations, only the co-latitudes can be observed, the available data must be regarded as a sample from the corresponding marginal distribution. This paper discusses the estimation by Maximum Likelihood (ML) and the Method of Moments of the two parameters of this marginal Fisher distribution. The moment estimators are generally simpler to compute than the ML estimators, and have high asymptotic efficiency.     

A class of accelerated means regression models for recurrent event data

In this article, we propose a general class of accelerated means regression models for recurrent event data. The class includes the proportional means model, the accelerated failure time model and the accelerated rates model as special cases. The new model offers great flexibility in formulating the effects of covariates on the mean functions of counting processes while leaving the stochastic structure completely unspecified. For the inference on the model parameters, estimating equation approaches are developed and both large and final sample properties of the proposed estimators are established. In addition, some graphical and numerical procedures are presented for model checking. An illustration with multiple-infection data from a clinic study on chronic granulomatous disease is also provided.     

A constrained optimum experimental design problem for model discrimination with a continuously varying factor

We present the theoretical background and the numerical procedure for calculating optimum experimental designs for non-linear model discrimination in the presence of constraints. The design support points consist of two kinds of factors: a continuous function of time and discrete levels of other quantitative factors. That is, some of the experimental conditions are allowed to continually vary during the experimental run. We implement the theory in a chemical kinetic model discrimination problem.     

A fresh imputing survey methodology using sensible constraints on study and auxiliary variables: dubious random non-response

In this paper, we introduce a fresh methodology for imputing missing values by making use of sensible constraints on both a study variable and auxiliary variables that are correlated with the variable of interest. The resultant estimator based on these imputed values is shown to lead to the regression type method of imputation in survey sampling. Furthermore, when the data are hybrid of both that missing at random and missing complexly at random, the resultant estimator is shown to be a consistent estimator that has asymptotic mean squared error equal to that of the linear regression method of imputation. A generalization to any type of method of imputation is possible and has been included at the end.     

A general algorithm for non-parametric maximum likelihood estimator of stochastically ordered survival functions from case 2 interval-censored data

In this paper, we study an algorithm to compute the non-parametric maximum likelihood estimator of stochastically ordered survival functions from case 2 interval-censored data. The algorithm, simply denoted by SQP (sequential quadratic programming), re-parameterizes the likelihood function to make the order constraints as a set of linear constraints, approximates the log-likelihood function as a quadratic function, and updates the estimate by solving a quadratic programming. We particularly consider two stochastic orderings, simple and uniform orderings, although the algorithm can also be applied to many other stochastic orderings. We illustrate the algorithm using the breast cancer data reported in Finkelstein and Wolfe (1985 Finkelstein, D. M., and R. A. Wolfe. 1985. A semiparametric model for regression analysis of interval-censored failure time data. Biometrics 41:933–45. [Google Scholar]).