试论中国画与油画差异的形成

从现存人类远古时代的绘画遗迹来看,无论是洞穴壁画、岩画,彩绘、还是石刻绘画,其所使用的工具、材料、表现的内容、题材、手法及风格等均无太大的东西地域差异.而今天,中国画与油画作为绘画其中的两种形式,二者之间的风格却明显不同.当两个画种同时呈现在我们面前时,视觉感受上的差别是不言而语的.它们之间的根本差别是写意体系与写实造型之间的差别,也是画家表达主观思想情感与描绘客观世界之间的差别.     

On Childhood and the Logic of Difference: Some Empirical Examples

This article argues that universal documents on children’s rights can provide illustrative examples as to how childhood is identified as a unity using difference as an instrument. Using Gille Deleuze’s theorising on difference and sameness as a framework, the article seeks to relate the children’s rights project with a critique of representation. It seeks to illustrate how the children’s rights project seems to be promoting an image of childhood that is sharply contrasted by adulthood in a dichotomised sense, as well as how, in these documents, the fate of the child is being intertwined with the fate of the state.     

多元对比在翻译教材中的应用

文章针对翻译教材编写的理论模式的优点与不足，以对比语言学为框架尝试构建翻译教材的内容体系，即围绕逻辑思维、句法结构、文化差异和认知心理四个方面组织教材内容，并检验该体系是否有助于提高学生的翻译能力。     

论英语教学的文化导入及其重要作用

人们在文化取向、价值观念、社会规范、思维方式等方面的差异会导致其编译码过程、语言和语篇使用规律、语篇组织结构等的差异。语言的意义离不开语言环境，要理解话语，归根结底要懂得语话人的整个文化背景和生活方式，语言和文化的关系是部分和整体的关系，语言是文化的组成部分。因此，学习英语的过程，就是通过英语这一语言工具了解、导入英语文化的过程。介绍目的语的文化知识，揭示潜在于语言结构中的文化内涵以及语言使用的文化规则应当成为语言教学的一个组织部分。     

输油管道热力计算及程序设计

评价埋地热油管道的的热工状况,首要的问题是计算管道周围土壤的非稳态温度场。针对埋地热油管道的一般形式,以二维非稳定传热方程来描述输油管道的传热过程,建立了计算温度场的计算模型,在边界条件中充分考虑了地面温度的变化以及管径等参数对管路温降的影响。采用有限差分数值理论对温度场进行了计算,并由此求得了热油管道的有关热工参数。通过实例分析表明了计算方法和计算程序具有一定的实际参考价值。     

英汉语言文化附加意义的差异模式研究

以动植物词、颜色词为例研究和探讨了英汉两种语言的四种文化附加意义差异模式及其原因。此差异在很大程度上反映了两个民族在生产环境、风俗习惯、历史文化等诸方面的相异性,该研究不仅有助于我们对两种语言的深入学习和掌握,而且对搞好外语教学和日趋频繁的国际交流大有裨益。     

Sex Differences in Reciprocal Altruism: Reply to Mower

Mower questions some aspects of Geary's (2002 ) proposals regarding the nature of male-male and female-female relationships during human evolution and the implications for understanding the basis for same-sex friendships. The core of this proposal is reviewed and Mower's challenges to the core are addressed.     

“无”沿着延异的踪迹走向“有”——用德里达的延异理论诠释老子的“无”

＂无＂沿着延异的踪迹就会走向它的反面——＂有＂,＂无＂就是＂有＂。＂无＂这一能指符号是对感性直观上缺席的事物的不在场的替补,感性直观上缺席的事物在非理性直观上却是在场之物。从感性直观来看,＂无＂是无形的;从非理性直观来说,＂无＂却是有形的。正是因为＂无＂就是＂有＂,并且＂无＂还是有形的,所以人们才能以＂无＂为用、以＂无为＂为＂有为＂。虽然＂无＂就是＂有＂,但是＂无＂又不同于＂有＂,不同形式的＂无＂是不同形式的＂有＂,＂无＂和＂有＂构成差异的嬉戏系统。＂无＂和＂有＂都不能单独存在,二者只能存在于这一差异的嬉戏系统之中。＂无＂和＂有＂的关系体现了语言的游戏性。游戏性的语言为人们建构一个开放的、自由的、诗意的生活世界提供了可能。     

Statistical inference for reciprocal gamma diffusion process

We consider the problem of parameter estimation for an ergodic diffusion with reciprocal gamma invariant distribution. Spectral decomposition of the transition density of such a Markov process is presented in terms of a finite number of discrete eigenfunctions (Bessel polynomials) and eigenfunctions related to a continuous part of the spectrum of the negative infinitesimal generator of reciprocal gamma diffusion. Consistency and asymptotical normality of proposed estimators are presented. Based on the Stein equation for reciprocal gamma diffusion and Bessel polynomials, the hypothesis testing procedure is considered.     

The Diffusion of Innovations: A Methodological Reappraisal

Studies of diffusion have traditionally relied on specific distributions, primarily the logistic, to characterize and estimate those processes. We argue that such an approach gives rise to serious problems of comparability and interpretation and may result in large biases in the estimates of the parameters of interest. We propose instead the Gini's expected mean difference as a measure of diffusion speed. We discuss its advantages over the traditional approach, present a nonparametric estimation procedure, and tackle with it the problems of truncated processes and of intergroup comparisons. We also elaborate on the use of the hazard rate and suggest various extensions. The diffusion of computed tomography scanners is presented as an illustration.