模糊环境下考虑缺货和延期支付的Stackelberg均衡策略

在具有价格弹性需求的两层供应链系统中,考虑到价格弹性指数的模糊性和供应链延期支付策略,建立了含缺货的制造商-零售商协调模型.运用符号距离反模糊化方法将其转化为确定模型.基于遗传算法,设计了其求解方法,获得了制造商最优信用期和零售商最优零售价.数值结果表明:模糊环境下的延期支付策略降低了产品的市场零售价,同时增加了供应链中各成员的利润,因此实现了供应链协调.进一步分析显示当模糊价格弹性指数的上(下)界变化反映出的不确定性减弱时,制造商提供更长的信用期,且制造商和零售商的利润均增加(减少).     

Empathic emotion and leadership performance: An empirical analysis across 38 countries

The purpose of our research is to examine the relationship between subordinate ratings of a target-leader's empathic emotion and boss ratings of performance of that target-leader. Furthermore, using hierarchical linear modeling, we assess whether the cultural background of the target-leader moderates this relationship. Our results show that leaders who are rated by their subordinates as engaging in behaviors that signal empathic emotion are perceived as better performers by their bosses. In addition, we found that the GLOBE societal culture dimension of power distance was a significant cross-level moderator of the relationship between empathic emotion and performance. Implications for leading in cross-cultural and multicultural contexts are discussed.     

Optimal algorithms for uncovering synteny problem

The syntenic distance between two genomes is the minimum number of fusions, fissions, and translocations that can transform one genome to the other, ignoring the gene order within chromosomes. As the problem is NP-hard in general, some particular classes of synteny instances, such as linear synteny, exact synteny and nested synteny, are examined in the literature. In this paper, we propose a new special class of synteny instances, called uncovering synteny. We first present a polynomial time algorithm to solve the connected case of uncovering synteny optimally. By performing only intra-component moves, we then solve the unconnected case of uncovering synteny. We will further calculate the diameters of connected and unconnected uncovering synteny, respectively.     

基于Web的远程网络课件的设计与开发

本文从分析网络课件的基本特性及基本的设计开发过程入手,以<现代交换原理>网络课件为案例,详细讨论了网络课件设计与开发过程中的关键问题,为网络课件的开发提供参考.     

竹亚科植物过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶研究

用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法分析竹亚科九属二十七种植物过氧化物酶和酯酶同工酶，结果表明：过氧化物酶同工酶谱在种间明显差异，各竹种有特征酶谱。其酶谱特征及酶谱距离可作为竹种分类特征之—，有助于竹种的分类，同时也可了解种间亲缘关系。而酯酶同工酶谱在种间差异小，不宜作竹种的分类特征，但也能反映出种间的亲缘关系。     

远程教育在终身教育体系构建中的时代使命

终身教育是与知识经济社会相对应的教育体系。终身教育思想的意义在于教育过程是连续不断的,其本质是学习型社会和教育社会化。现代远程教育为中国终身教育发展提供了机遇。构建终身教育体系,建设学习型社会离不开远程教育的支撑。本文从远程教育与终身教育的关系入手,阐述了现代远程教育在构建终身教育体系中的功能,提出了远程教育在构建学习型社会中的作用。     

二氧化碳约束下中国主要工业省区的能源技术效率

基于方向性环境距离函数,选择中国13个主要工业省区2002--2009年数据,对C02约束下各省区在规模报酬不变（CRS）和规模报酬可变（VRS）两模型下的能源技术效率进行测算。研究发现：总体上在考虑了CO2约束后,中国主要工业省区在生产前沿上的数目增多与测算所得能源技术效率明显高于不考虑有CO2的情形;VRS下得到的能源技术效率高于CRS下的效率;在最大化减少要素投入和C02的同时,增加期望产出得到的效率值最高,而只考虑个别变量所得效率值表现出普遍的无效率性;加快经济增长方式转变,调整产业结构、能源结构和绿色能源技术开发已成为工业发展的必然选择。     

Super-efficiency based on a modified directional distance function

The problem of infeasibility arises in conventional radial super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) models under variable returns to scale (VRS). To tackle this issue, a Nerlove–Luenberger (N–L) measure of super-efficiency is developed based on a directional distance function. Although this N–L super-efficiency model does not suffer infeasibility problem as in the conventional radial super-efficiency DEA models, it can produce an infeasible solution in two special situations. The current paper proposes to modify the directional distance function by selecting proper feasible reference bundles so that the resulting N–L measure of super-efficiency is always feasible. As a result, our modified VRS super-efficiency model successfully addresses the infeasibility issues occurring either in conventional VRS models or the N–L super-efficiency model. Numerical examples are used to demonstrate our approach and compare results obtained from various super-efficiency measures.     

What’s keeping you awake at night? Challenges facing trainers in South Africa

Corporate Trainers experience many organizational challenges that require new skills. This qualitative study sought to determine the challenges faced by South African Education Training and Development university students employed as trainers in corporate roles. Findings suggest that trainers require contextual and generic soft skills to meet the requirements of their jobs and that the term trainer embraces a variety of roles of different focus and different status. While there appear to be a common set of problems facing trainers irrespective of location, the interventionist skills and employment policies of the South African government have an important influence on activity in the organization.     

Leadership across hierarchical levels: Multiple levels of management and multiple levels of analysis

We examined differences in leadership influence processes, perceptions, and multiple levels-of-analysis effects between close and distant charismatic and contingent reward leadership across three hierarchical levels in 13 Korean companies. Multi-source data revealed that followers' commitment to the leader mediated relationships between leadership and followers' attitudinal, behavioral, and performance outcomes in close situations, but not in distant relationships. Leadership at higher levels of management was positively related to leadership at the next lower level, which in turn related to follower outcomes at the lowest echelon. Multivariate within and between analysis indicated multiple-level effects differing by leader–follower distance and for the variables of interest.