二语词汇语义迁移证明——两个实验方法比较

本文本文先简述了二语词汇表征和发展模式，此模式明确展示了二语词汇习得的过程和阶段。再从实验方法上对两个实验进行了比较，试图在二语词汇表征实证研究上并且在复制研究上给研究者们以启示。     

统筹兼顾：落实科学发展观的根本方法

统筹兼顾是落实科学发展观的根本方法,这是马克思主义唯物辩证法在发展问题上的科学运用,也是中国共产党革命建设长期探索的经验总结,更是在新的历史时期新的历史起点上,落实科学发展观的现实选择。     

基于成本方法的中国人力资本估算

针对目前部分学者应用永续盘存法来估算人力资本存量忽略了折旧和价格的问题，采集和并估算了中国1952-2003年间的人力资本形成量序列数据，并与物质资本形成流量进行比较。估算方法倾向于低估人力资本投资流量，这种低估在前期误差较小，在近期误差较大，且有上升趋势。但就纳入估算的内容和时期来看，较中国已有的成本法估算有较大的扩展，而且其估计有一定的可靠性，可以将此作为今后进一步估算的基准。     

理念、方法与实务--管理学结构体系的新构思

管理学从整体上可表述为理念、方法和实务三个部分,三者存在相互关联和动态转化的特性。由理 念、方法和实务整合而成的一般管理模式具有新的理论指导性。     

情境在古诗词教学中的作用

情境教学法在古诗词教学中有重要作用,通过拓宽教育空间、缩短心理距离、注重角色效应、领悟诗词谐趣等四种途径可以增强情境教学的效果。     

焦虑的诱发因素及调控方法--以体操教学为例的研究

国内外心理学对学生的焦虑与运动成绩的相关研究已成为一个专门的课题。针对焦虑对学生体操技术掌握的影响，运用运动心理学有关理论对大学生体操教学中的焦虑诱发因素进行问卷调查，归纳了体操教学中诱发学生焦虑过度的原因，并对其主要影响因素进行分析，提出了控制学生的适宜焦虑水平的方法。     

Model diagnostics for smoothing spline ANOVA models

The author proposes some simple diagnostics for assessing the necessity of selected terms in smoothing spline ANOVA models. The elimination of practically insignificant terms generally enhances the interpretability of the estimates and sometimes may also have inferential implications. The diagnostics are derived from Kullback‐Leibler geometry and are illustrated in the settings of regression, probability density estimation, and hazard rate estimation.     

Goodness‐of‐fit methods for matched case‐control studies

The authors propose graphical and numerical methods for checking the adequacy of the logistic regression model for matched case‐control data. Their approach is based on the cumulative sum of residuals over the covariate or linear predictor. Under the assumed model, the cumulative residual process converges weakly to a centered Gaussian limit whose distribution can be approximated via computer simulation. The observed cumulative residual pattern can then be compared both visually and analytically to a certain number of simulated realizations of the approximate limiting process under the null hypothesis. The proposed techniques allow one to check the functional form of each covariate, the logistic link function as well as the overall model adequacy. The authors assess the performance of the proposed methods through simulation studies and illustrate them using data from a cardiovascular study.     

义务教育乡镇管理体制评析

由于乡镇的财力单薄,管理水平偏低,管理心态失衡,乡镇政府难以有效管理本乡镇义务教育。改革义务教育乡镇管理体制,必须废除监护人直接支付的筹资方式,实行税收统筹分拨的筹资方式,建立省、县、乡三级义务教育管理体制,从经济上保证儿童受教育的权利。     

A simple estimator for a shared frailty regression model

Summary. We propose a simple estimation procedure for a proportional hazards frailty regression model for clustered survival data in which the dependence is generated by a positive stable distribution. Inferences for the frailty parameter can be obtained by using output from Cox regression analyses. The computational burden is substantially less than that of the other approaches to estimation. The large sample behaviour of the estimator is studied and simulations show that the approximations are appropriate for use with realistic sample sizes. The methods are motivated by studies of familial associations in the natural history of diseases. Their practical utility is illustrated with sib pair data from Beaver Dam, Wisconsin.