企业信息化资源最优配置模型的构建

针对当前能够成功地实施信息化建设的企业较少,企业不能统筹安排好信息化投入资源的状况,对企业信息化投入资源进行了分类,并基于BPR的思想对企业部门进行了整合,运用模糊理论建立了企业信息化资源最优配置模型,为企业在不同部门间合理分配信息化投入提供参考．     

资信评估中违约率的度量及应用

首先讨论了违约率在资信评估中的意义,接着提出了违约率的度量方法以及考虑其他因素时的违约率调整,最后给出了违约率在资信评估中的应用。     

A STOCHASTIC LOGISTIC MODEL WITH TIME DELAY

The stochastic version of the logistic model for population growth is generalized to take account of continuously distributed time delay with an exponentially decaying kernel. The theory of diffusion processes is used to analyse the probability density function of the population size. The explicit expression for the stationary distribution is worked out and the effect of time delay on various statistics is discussed.     

Structural probability bounds for the strong Pareto law

By using the structural density function (Fraser 1979, Ch. 7) of the parameters of a Pareto distribution, the structural distribution function of the strong Pareto law is derived. Its fractiles have been evaluated numerically for special cases, and the results are displayed through graphs from which structural one-sided probability bounds may be found. It is shown that these graphs may also be used to find structural tolerance bounds for the Pareto distribution.     

液体中热晕的矩阵分析及有关新现象

对液体中热晕现象从新的角度，即矩阵光学的方法进行了处理，以热透镜为模型，建立了热晕效应的等效焦距形成发展过程的数学表达式。同时进行了部分实验以验证理论结果。成功地观察到了热晕形成发展的全部动态过程，得到了与理论计算基本一致的实验数据。在实验中，同时观测到了一些周期性的跳动现象，给出了定性的物理解释。     

几种传输线的场分布

求开放平板线、外正三角形內圆同轴线、外方內圆同轴线、外正六边形內圆同轴线的特性阻抗而建立的精确保角变换的基础上,本文进一步讨论了显式逆变换函数,从而求得了这几种传输线的场分布的闭合表达式。由于所用保角变换的精确性,所得的显式场分布在内导体和外导体的内接圆尺寸之比小于0.5in。基本上是准确的,在这个尺寸比稍大些时也可作为参考。这些场分布对于了解传输线的功率容量,计算衰减常数,考虑功率耦合,设计有关的有源器件等都是必不可少的。文中获得的几种传输线的场分布的显著特点是计算方便,在一般实用范围內有足够的精度。     

Analysis of overdispersed paired count data

This article is about the statistical analysis of overdispersed paired count data for comparing two treatments. The data consist of the number of events obtained in a stratum during the fixed observation period. Three types of model are discussed: the Poisson, a mixed, and a semiparametric model. Overdispersion is represented in the last two models but not in the Poisson model. Of particular interests are to examine whether there is any loss of efficiency in using the estimate of the treatment effect obtained under other two models if the mixed model is true, and also whether overdispersion leads to a larger variance of the estimate than that expected from the Poisson model. It is shown that all three models provide the same estimate of the treatment effect (i.e., there is no loss of efficiency) and that the variance of the estimate of the treatment effect obtained under the Poisson model is the same as that based on the mixed model. However, the semiparametric model provides the variance of the estimate larger than those obtained under the other two models.     

分配政策中的效率与公平问题

公平有多层含义,效率与机会公平和标准公平在本质上是统一的,效率与结果公平是辩证统一的关系,二者都不应该作为追求的终极目标,而应该在构建社会主义和谐社会这一终极目标中实现最优的组合。当前必须正确把握和处理效率与结果公平的关系,确保社会在获得较高效率的同时逐步趋向结果公平。     

财政分权视角下农村义务教育财政体制:历史、现状与展望

财政分权是政府管理促进效率与公平的基本思路,分税制改革立足于实现中央与地方财权合理分配,是财政分权的重要举措。但是实施二十年以来,出现了地方政府财权与事权不匹配、地方政府公共服务供给缺位与不足等问题。农村义务教育作为基本公共服务,其改革确立的县级财政负责的财政供给体制使之与分税制改革紧密相关,也就使得分税制改革带来的地方财政问题彰显在农村义务教育财政供给上,给农村义务教育带来了可及性、效率与公平等方面的众多问题。更优的农村义务教育财政供给,需要一个不断发展与改进的、更有保障的财政供给体制。     

关于地理环境决定论及其反思

在中外生态思想史上,地理环境决定论由来已久,可追溯到西方古希腊时期和中国的先秦时期。其中亚里士多德、孟德斯鸠、黑格尔、普列汉诺夫等人的观点值得关注。他们对此有着不同的论述,例如孟德斯鸠重视气候因素,普列汉诺夫重视生产力因素。对于环境决定论,学者们虽有着不同的看法,但各有其合理性。通过梳理地理环境决定论的发展史,我们才能对这一问题获得更好的理解。在生态危机全球化的当代,自觉关注经济社会发展的地理环境特别是生态因素不仅必要而且紧迫。