Statistical Analyses and Modelling of the Mixing Process of Euro Coins in Germany and Europe

This paper reports on the mixing of Euro coins from different countries of origin in Europe, which started on 1 January 2002. There is an interesting conclusion: that the mobility of small and large denominations is different. The long‐term behaviour of the mixing process is studied using a simple deterministic model and data from Germany, France and the Netherlands. The analysis leads to predictions about the future progress of the mixing process.     

高师技法课改革的专业特殊性与科学性

本文从高师技法课(声乐、钢琴)教学改革的大潮中,提出了教学改革中应注意专业的特殊性和科学性,阐述了教学改革应遵循的基本原则以及合理的课型模式。     

Estimation of Metabolic Rate Constants in PBPK‐Models from Liver Slice Experiments: What Are the Experimental Needs?

A mechanistic model is presented describing the clearance of a compound in a precision-cut liver slice that is incubated in a culture medium. The problem of estimating metabolic rate constants in PBPK models from liver slice experiments is discussed using identifiability analysis. From the identifiability problem analysis, it appears that in addition to the clearance, the compound's free fraction in the slice and the diffusion rate of the exchange of the compound between culture medium and liver slice should be identified. In addition, knowledge of the culture medium volume, the slice volume, the compound's free fraction, and octanol-water-based partition between medium and slice is presupposed. The formal solution for identification is discussed from the perspective of experimental practice. A formally necessary condition for identification is the sampling of parent compound in liver slice or culture medium. However, due to experimental limitations and errors, sampling the parent compound in the slice together with additional sampling of metabolite pooled from the medium and the slice is required for identification in practice. Moreover, it appears that identification results are unreliable when the value of the intrinsic clearance exceeds the value of the diffusion coefficient, a condition to be verified a posteriori.     

论中国艺术表演团体改革的实现途径--兼论中国文化体制改革的特殊性

中国文化事业体制改革的目标和道路要受到行业内部特殊矛盾运动形态的制约。以艺术表演团体改革为例透视文化事业单位改革与政府策略选择之间的关系,可以为决策者提供一种有关中国文化事业体制改革过程和特点的具象把握。在整个社会由计划经济体制向社会主义市场经济体制转轨时期,艺术表演团体固有的政治-伦理角色、市场-经营角色、艺术-行业角色三重身份和伦理性目标、政治性目标、经济效益目标、审美价值目标等多重目标之间相互矛盾、相互依存和对立统一,共同构成了艺术表演团体内部复杂的矛盾运动。而正是这种矛盾特殊性构成各级政府在推进艺术表演团体改革过程中的策略选择基础。     

简论知识经济时代创新人才的继续教育培训模式

随着以科技创新为主要特征的知识经济时代的来临 ,继续教育要适应现代社会发展的需要 ,培养具有创新意识、创新能力的高素质人才 ,必须在教育观念、培养目标、教学内容、教学方法、教学手段、师资队伍等方面进行改革和创新 ,探索出适应知识经济时代需要的创新人才继续教育培训模式。     

顾客价值创新:战略分析的基点

传统的战略分析是以竞争为基点的。其目的是如何比竞争对手做得更好。在这种思维指导下 ,企业经营往往产生竞争激烈、市场不敏感、反应性行为、缺乏创新等后果。在复杂多变的环境中 ,战略分析应转移到顾客价值创新上来。顾客价值创新战略通过为顾客提供完全新型或得到重大改进的价值而使企业经营与竞争无关。顾客价值创新战略与竞争基点战略在战略导向、对竞争的认知及态度、企业本身实力的认识等具有明显不同的特征 ;进行顾客价值创新可以按照顾客价值创新循环机制进行 ,这一循环机制以顾客消费流程分析为起点 ,由创新机会认别、资源需求分析及价值创新实施等环节构成。     

加强管理提高毕业设计(论文)质量

为提高学生毕业设计 (论文 )质量 ,在管理方面采取了一系列措施 :完善管理制度 ,注重质量控制 ,重视选题质量 ,加强教师指导 ,严格答辩要求 ,科学评定成绩 ,评选优秀设计 (论文 )。     

一般Gauss－Markov模型下一般可估函数的线性充分性和线性完全性

发展了Ｂａｋｓａｌａｒｙ和Ｄｒｙｇａｓ提出的一般Ｇａｕｓｓ－Ｍａｒｋｏｖ模型中线性充分性、最小充分性和完全性的概念，用Ｒａｏ的最小二乘统一理论，给出了这些概念的刻划定理。     

沈从文创作心理三部曲

沈从文家世的衰落和在社会(主要是在北京)遭到的拒绝使他产生了自卑心理,在摆脱自卑的重负和与城市搏斗的过程中,他形成了“乡下人”的审美立场,构建了城乡异趣的文学世界,从而使自己获得了自尊,达到了生命中的“高峰体验”,进而达到超越自卑的境界,成了“自我实现的人”。在心理的迁移过程中,沈从文的创作呈现了三部曲:感伤/回忆—嘲讽/抒情—白描/写实。在此基础上,《边城》意蕴、《长河》残卷也有了新的阐释。     

Robust confidence interval for a residual standard deviation

The residual standard deviation of a general linear model provides information about predictive accuracy that is not revealed by the multiple correlation or regression coefficients. The classic confidence interval for a residual standard deviation is hypersensitive to minor violations of the normality assumption and its robustness does not improve with increasing sample size. An approximate confidence interval for the residual standard deviation is proposed and shown to be robust to moderate violations of the normality assumption with robustness to extreme non-normality that improves with increasing sample size.