面板数据模型中随机效应存在性检验的理论研究及其实证分析

 由于能体现异质性等一系列优良性质,面板数据模型正被广泛应用到经济学各个领域中。然而,在反映异质性的个体效应和时间效应的设定上,经常存在人为的主观性和随意性,因此容易导致错误指定事件的发生。本文提出了一个稳健的方法分别检验面板数据模型中随机个体效应和随机时间效应的存在性。具体而言,通过对残差进行正交化变换消去可能存在的时间效应,并建立人工自回归模型,然后基于该模型自回归系数的最小二乘估计构造检验统计量检验个体效应。构造的检验是单边的,零假设下渐近服从标准正态分布。在检验时间效应时,可类似得到统计量及其渐近性质。功效研究表明这些检验敏感性较强,能检测到以参数速度（最快的速度）收敛到零假设的备择假设。通过模拟试验研究了检验统计量的小样本性质,并进行了实际数据分析。     

Two-way ANOVA when the distribution of the error terms is skew t

In this article, we assume that the distribution of the error terms is skew t in two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Skew t distribution is very flexible for modeling the symmetric and the skew datasets, since it reduces to the well-known normal, skew normal, and Student's t distributions. We obtain the estimators of the model parameters by using the maximum likelihood (ML) and the modified maximum likelihood (MML) methodologies. We also propose new test statistics based on these estimators for testing the equality of the treatment and the block means and also the interaction effect. The efficiencies of the ML and the MML estimators and the power values of the test statistics based on them are compared with the corresponding normal theory results via Monte Carlo simulation study. Simulation results show that the proposed methodologies are more preferable. We also show that the test statistics based on the ML estimators are more powerful than the test statistics based on the MML estimators as expected. However, power values of the test statistics based on the MML estimators are very close to the corresponding test statistics based on the ML estimators. At the end of the study, a real life example is given to show the implementation of the proposed methodologies.     

Modeling binary responses with stochastic covariates

In a traditional binary regression model, covariates are assumed to be fixed by design. In practice, however, they are most likely to be stochastic and non-normally distributed. We develop modified maximum likelihood estimators for such situations. We show that these estimators are more efficient than the traditional binary regression estimators and robust to data anomalies. We illustrate our results using a real life example.     

资源租金核算理论与方法研究

 本文在对自然资源价值核算的不同方法予以归纳的基础上,对这些方法得以实施的共同基础—资源租金的核算问题提出了一些不同的观点。认为在联合国等国际组织所发布的《环境经济综合核算体系》（SEEA2003）所推荐的三种资源租金的核算方法中,其中两种“间接”推算法存在理论缺陷,并从理论与实证两个方面进行了论证。     

On testing uniformity using an information-theoretic measure

As a measure of certainty, informational energy has been used in many statistical problems. In this article, we introduce some estimators of this quantity by modifying the basic estimator available in the literature. The new measures are then used to develop tests of uniformity. A Monte Carlo simulation study is performed to evaluate power behavior of the proposed tests. The results confirm the preference of the new tests in some situations.     

Testing exponentiality based on Kullback—Leibler information for progressively Type II censored data

In many life-testing and reliability experiments, data are often censored in order to reduce the cost and time associated with testing and since the conventional Type-I and Type-II censoring schemes are not flexible enough, progressive censoring is developed by researchers. In this article, we develop a general goodness of fit test by using a new estimate of Kullback–Leibler information based on progressively Type-II censored data. Consistency and other properties of the proposed test are shown. Then, we use the proposed test statistic to test for exponentiality based on progressively Type-II censored data. The power values of the proposed test under different progressively Type-II censoring schemes are computed, through Monte Carlo simulations. It is observed that the proposed test is quite powerful in compared with the test proposed by Balakrishnan et al. (2007 Balakrishnan, N., Habibi Rad, A., and Arghami, N. R. (2007). Testing exponentiality based on Kullback–Leibler information with progressively type-II censored data. IEEE Transactions on Reliability 56:301–307. [Google Scholar]). Two real datasets from progressive censoring literature are finally presented for illustrative purpose.     

英语应用能力考试（A级）对听力教学的反拨作用研究

语言测试对教学工作有着不可忽视的反拨作用。介绍了反拨作用的分类,高职英语听力教学的特点,并从正反两个方面分析了高等学校英语应用能力考试对高职英语听力教学的反拨作用。     

浙江制造业发展的重点与思路——基于主导产业倒U型演进假说的分析

 本文根据1991-2004浙江、上海和中国相关统计数据,运用制造业占全国份额、产业部门增长率等方法分析了浙江省制造业发展在全国的基本情况,提出并验证了反映区域主导产业演进特征和过程的主导产业倒U型演进假说。结合浙江省经济发展的实际,确定了作为浙江当前产业发展重点的主导产业和支柱产业,提出了浙江省制造业发展的基本思路是资金密集、技术密集型产业优先发展,劳动密集型产业规划发展。浙江当前制造业发展的具体战略是“外引内孵”、“东扩西进”,注重择商引资,加强自主创新,实现区域产业的合理升级和转移。     

高中生的认知方式与焦虑和学习成绩的关系

探讨高中生的认知方式与焦虑水平和学习成绩的关系。运用镶嵌图形测验（EFT）和心理健康诊断测验（MHT）对361名高中生的认知方式和焦虑水平进行测量。结果发现认知方式和焦虑水平呈显著的负相关，不同认知方式个体在焦虑水平上存在显著的差异，场独立个体的焦虑水平较低。认知方式和数学成绩呈显著的正相关，不同认知方式个体在数学成绩上存在显著的差异，场独立个体的数学成绩较高。焦虑水平与学习成绩的相关不显著。     

PSC“说话”测试的学理依据与界域定位

普通话水平测试(PSC)中“说话”测试的考核内容,测评争议一直较大,不少测试员对该测试项的评分操作难于把握,其中一个重要原因是对语言测试的相关理论缺乏足够的了解。有鉴于此,文章通过对“说话”测试学理与界域的分析,为“说话”测试提供较为科学的理论范式,以求提高普通话水平测试的效度。