浅谈大学英语的背景教学

结合《大学体验英语》综合教程系列教材,从背景教学的分类入手,采取不同的教学手段,把英美语言、文化和社会环境紧密地结合在一起,而且与各个教学环节融会贯通,可以使学生熟悉英美文化环境,培育学生研究英语语言的意识,为更深入地学习英语奠定基础。     

汉语词缀分类的新尝试——以词缀“老”为例

本文认为汉语词缀目前的分类无法概况所有词缀,且未能完全表达出某些词缀中所包含的内在特色,因此拟以词缀“老”为例,对汉语词缀的分类进行新的尝试,按照其是否具有语义色彩和语用功能为标准,区分出语法化词缀和语用化词缀,并着重分析一些在语言实际变化中正在由语用化词缀向语法化词缀转变的词语.     

论治安行政权的内容与形式

当前治安管理学研究中对治安管理手段的传统划分存在逻辑错误 ,这源于迄今尚未对治安行政权的内容作出比较全面的概括 ,因此界定治安行政权的内容十分必要 ,同时也具备可行性。多角度的分类有助于对治安行政权内容进行全面分析并可以深入理解治安行政权的特点。治安行政权的具体内容及形式可以按照治安行政规范制定权 (含治安行政立法权 )———治安行政执法权———治安行政司法权的基本思路进行归纳     

我国大众文化进入分众时代

由于我国大众文化的产生背景及初期发展与西方存在巨大差异 ,所以选择马克思主义原理为分析方法对当前国内大众文化已进入分众时代的新阶段作出判断既是现实的需要 ,也是历史的必然。而只有在明确分众时代内涵的基础上才能了解其“和而不同”的审美本质和“符号化”、“雅俗共存”、“主流性与边缘性相对化”的三大审美趣味特征     

Malthus in state space: Macro economic-demographic relations in English history, 1540 to 1870

. The history of preindustrial Europe provides an opportunity to examine the causes and consequences of population change at a macro level. However, serious statistical problems arise from the endogeneity of all observed variables in a Malthusian system (fertility, mortality, population size, and real wages), and from unobserved influences such as shifts in the demand for labor and variations in health. These problems have undermined both informal inference from the data and more complex econometric investigations. This paper takes a new statistical approach, finding the maximum likelihood estimate of a state space representation of the Malthusian system by repeated application of Kalman filter methods, using annual data from England, 1540 to 1870. The new estimates confirm some findings of the earlier literature and contradict others. Some variables are estimated for the first time. Implications are discussed for the interpretation of English economic-demographic history. Received: 3 January 2000/Accepted: 22 January 2001     

Time preference and capital mobility in an OLG model with land

This paper examines the pattern of capital mobility in a two-country overlapping generations world in which production uses three inputs: capital, labor and land. The steady-state welfare consequences of opening countries to financial capital or labor mobility are then compared. In particular, it is shown that capital mobility does not equalize standards of living across countries. To achieve this goal, one has to rely on labor mobility. Received: 8 January 1996 / Accepted: 6 June 1996     

The empowerment of women,fertility, and child mortality: Towards a theoretical analysis

This paper examines one avenue through which female autonomy impinges on fertility and child mortality in developing countries. A simple model is set out in which couples are motivated to have children for old age security purposes. The decisions of a couple regarding fertility and allocation of resources for the healthcare of their children are made within a bargaining framework. An increase in female autonomy translating into an increase in the relative bargaining power or the threat point utility of mothers is shown to reduce fertility and also to reduce child mortality rates. Paradoxically, the increase in female autonomy within a household may increase the disadvantage suffered by female children in that household with respect to survival. Received: 4 August 1999/Accepted: 7 September 2000     

Gender effect on housework allocation: Evidence from Spanish two-earner couples

In this paper we study the reasons behind the asymmetric distribution of housework within Spanish two-earner couples. Spouses' housework times are estimated jointly in a bivariate framework using data from the 1991 Work Situation and Time Use Survey. In order to understand the impact of gender-specific factors on the observed allocation of housework, we perform estimations that are in line with the Oaxaca decomposition. Our results suggest that the unequal division of domestic work between wives and husbands in our sample is mainly explained by gender-specific effects rather than by differences in their observable characteristics. All correspondence to Daniel Miles. We thank Juan F. Jimeno, a co-editor and two anonymous referees for helpful comments and the Spanish Instituto de la Mujer for providing us with the data. Financial support from the Cátedra de Estudios Feministas-Caixanova and from the Spanish Dirección General de Ense?anza Superior, grant number BEC2001-1270, is also gratefully acknowledged. Responsible editor: Daniel S. Hamermesh.     

Private versus public financing of education and endogenous growth: A comment on Bräuninger and Vidal

This note shows that the long-run effect in the case of a low skill trap in Br?uninger and Vidal (Journal of Population Economics (2000) 13:387–401) contains a mistake. While not affecting the paper's basic intuition, this implies that the discussion in the short-run analysis also applies in the long-run. Received: 24 April 2001/Accepted: 9 June 2001 I wish to thank Alessandro Cigno and an anonymous referee for useful comments. Responsible editor: Alessandro Cigno.     

Do stepping-stone jobs exist? Early career paths in the medical profession

In the Netherlands, students who want to become a medical specialist have to enrol in a training program which is in limited supply. During the search for a position as trainee (or “junior medical specialist”), they may accept a temporary job as a medical assistant. We use a micro data set to investigate whether such work experience increases the probability of becoming junior medical specialist. To deal with selectivity, we simultaneously model the transitions from unemployment to trainee, from unemployment to medical assistant, from medical assistant to trainee and from medical assistant to unemployment. We find that a job as medical assistant helps to become a medical specialist. Received: 27 July 2000/Accepted: 31 January 2001 All correspondence to Gerard J. van den Berg. Responsible editor: John F. Ermisch.