Changes in preschool children’s social engagement positively predict changes in social competence: A three‐year longitudinal study of portuguese children

To test the hypothesis that social engagement is a foundational aspect of other peer social competence indicators during early childhood, 160 Portuguese preschool children (“3‐year‐olds”) were observed at least in two different school years, using a battery of validated social competence assessments based on direct observations and child interviews. Multilevel growth models tested whether social engagement predicted initial values and linear changes in the other social competence indicators. Results were consistent with the hypothesis, insofar as both initial values and changes in social engagement significantly predicted initial values and changes in other social competence indicators. Additionally, the number of children's reciprocated friendships was also predicted by social engagement. These results are discussed from the perspectives of conceptual frameworks that consider individual differences in social competence during early childhood as a consequence of attachment histories and/or emotional competence.     

Synergy evaluation of non-normalizable dose–response data: Generalization of combination index for the linear effect of drugs

The study of drug synergy plays a prominent role in the search for drug combinations with beneficial interactions. Firstly, in this process, the drug-effect response of individual parts and the mixture needs to be derived. This function is usually well described by Hill (or other logistic or sigmoid) curve. Due to its boundedness, it allows the measured data to be normalized. The normalized data can then be processed by interaction analysis using the Loewe, Bliss, or other models to evaluate possible synergy or antagonism of two or more drugs. However, sometimes, the drug-effect responses observed in pharmaceutical research do not appear to be bounded. Theoretically, the drug-effect curve cannot grow to infinity, but it may be impossible to determine its upper bound within the observed region. In this case, standard models cannot be used, since they assume that data are normalized. The approach of this article bypasses the need to normalize the data, allowing its broader application and usefulness in finding potential synergies in pharmaceutical research.     

A Dynamic Model of Work Satisfaction: Qualitative Approaches

Traditional work satisfaction research iscriticized for its personalistic approach inconceptualization and measurement. Its results aredoubted because of the artificially high proportions ofsatisfied. In order to overcome some of theseshortcomings, the extended model of different forms ofwork satisfaction originally proposed by Bruggemann(1974) is validated. Six forms of work satisfaction(progressive, stabilized, resigned satisfaction;constructive, fixated, resigned dissatisfaction) arederived from the constellation of four constituentvariables: comparison of the actual work situation andpersonal aspirations, global satisfaction, changes inlevel of aspiration, controllability at work. Resultsfrom semistructured interviews, a free Q-sort, and aquestionnaire for differentiating forms of worksatisfaction for 46 nurses provide support for the model.Various methods proved useful in accessing particularaspects of the underlying cognitive and evaluativeprocesses in the formation of different forms of work satisfaction. Implications for personnelmanagement and studies in organizational behavior(performance, intervention strategies) arediscussed.     

这种恐共心理真是"似曾相识燕归来"——对台湾高准、邱捷批评的回应

高准、邱捷对拙文《军事对峙时期两岸文学的互动简史(1949-1979)》提出的批评,完全是意识形态挂帅,如高准不止一次把政治著作当作文学互动例证,还把提倡文学现代化的余光中比做红卫兵;尤其是邱氏用政治批判取代文学批评,把大陆来稿视为统战特稿,共产主义入侵台湾,这种恐共心理真是似曾相识燕归来。     

论公法视野下行政诉讼与宪政的良性互动

公法的最高目标就是实现宪政.在公法的视野下可以通过对立法权、行政权进行规制等多种方式实现完政,行政诉讼就是这多种方式中的一种,而且是一种较为稳妥的逐步推进的方式.行政诉讼遵循着公法的规律.保护救济公民的合法权益,监督控制着行政权的行使.从行政诉讼到宪政,按宪政的要求来推进行政诉讼,在二者之间实现良性互动式发展,这对构建公法共同体,实现对公权力的有效规制是十分有益的.     

日本杨贵妃传说的流变及思想史考察

日本有相当多关于唐代杨贵妃东渡日本的传说。一些日人相信这些东渡日本的传说,而且还提供文献及遗迹作佐证。杨贵妃在日本是个千面佛,以日本神祇、观音、天仙、政治家、难民及女刺客等不同身份出现。日本的杨贵妃传说虽然流于荒诞,但背后有丰富的历史意义,有助我们了解中国文化如何在日本被本地化。在日本流传的诸多杨贵妃传说中,热田神宫版最具创意及影响力,在日本思想史及中日文化交流史都很有意义。将杨贵妃当作是日本天神的化身,以保护日本是集中古以来流行的本地垂迹说及护国思想。这种思想将中国传入的东西本地化,将中国的东西挪用,变成日本自己的东西。日本中世以至近世热田神宫的杨贵妃传说令中国人眼中的红颜祸水摇身一变成为护国神明。日人崇拜杨贵妃并非因为她是中国人或是基于中国崇拜的心理,而是因为她是日本神祇的化身,所以与民族认同不但没有冲突,反而强化民族主义。     

触笔上有按键和滚轮的计算机触摸屏系统

以实现对电脑鼠标的完全模拟和替代为目的,介绍了一种基于多功能触笔的PC触摸屏系统的组成原理和工作方法。此计算机触摸屏系统的触笔上具有按键和滚轮,碰触定位操作与按键、滚轮操作的分离进行:该系统通过触笔的笔尖碰触触摸屏的触摸面板以确定电脑鼠标指针移动的位置,通过按下、抬起触笔上的按键或滚动触笔上的滚轮以实现与电脑鼠标的按键和滚轮相同的功能。此系统完全实现了鼠标的全部功能而且更加方便快捷。此系统在人机交互设备与系统技术领域具有明显的新颖性、创造性和实用性,填补了市场空白,有广阔的应用前景。     

鲍德里亚消费社会理论述评

在开放经济环境下,河北省难以仅依靠自己的力量实现技术进步,因而利用外资和对外直接投资就是促进经济发展的有效选择。两者作为促进区域经济建设的重要组成部分之间必然存在一定的联系。文章试图在分析河北省利用外资及对外直接投资的基础上阐述两者之间的关系。对此关系的客观理解对促进河北经济发展有一定的帮助作用。     

英语网络交互教学研究的现状与发展趋势

大量研究证实,交互性是语言教学的灵魂,而“交互活动”的质量与外语教学与学习的成效正相关。从“交互性”视角出发．综述分析国内外外语网络教学研究现状可国内英语网络交互教学研究的发展趋势如下：1）关于英语网络教学“交互性”和“交互活动”的研究,2）关于英语网络交互教学体系的设计、构建与完善,3）对英语网络交互教学的成效与影响因素的科学分析。     

文化互动视角下的英语专业学生文化素质教育探索

文化素质培养是高校素质教育中的重要组成部分,但是就目前外语专业学生的文化素养教育来看,广大教师还未给予充分的重视。如何采取有效的语言文化教学方法来改善这一现状已成为一个亟待解决的问题。因此从文化互动的视角来探讨英语专业学生的语言文化教学模式,以期得到更多同行专家的建议及意见。