谈梁晓声知青小说中的反思性问题

梁晓声知青小说以浓重的知青情结和对理想主义、英雄主义的高扬而独树一帜,在20世纪80年代的知青小说创作领域占据了重要的一席之地,不过,其知青小说因此而招来了不少的批评和质疑的声音,被认为小说中缺乏对知青运动、文革历史的深刻反思与批判。然而,纵观梁晓声的知青小说创作的流变,不难发现其小说创作的深层动因远不是一些论者所批评的那样简单,而是梁晓声的知青情结与创作伦理的背后更为主要的原因,在于为一代知青的青春和生命找寻意义与价值的明证。     

Interpreting Home in the Transnational Discourse

ABSTRACT

The aim of this article is to present a selection of primary findings culled from empirical data collected in Dublin with post-European Union enlargement Polish migrants as the cohort in study. One aspect of the project was to investigate how that group interpreted home since they have left Poland. Based on the outcomes of interviews with thirty-one informants, the narratives reveal a group of individuals who continuously contest social constraints and push the boundaries of previously held notions of migration, identity, and home. This article situates their aspirations, preferences, and practices within discourses of transnationalism, thereby connecting their migration experiences with a consciousness of feeling at home in the world. This article breaks up “home” as interpreted by the informants into three categories—centered home, sentimental home, and transportable home. The wide range of perspectives held by informants and the inability to clearly define their position with regard to the notion of “home” reinforces the hypothesis of this article that, for a transnational cohort, the meaning of home is contested. In relation to the wider international literature regarding concepts of home, this article makes a contribution to the deepening scope of migration research in Ireland.     

Public Attitudes toward Partisan and Neutral Symbols in Post-Agreement Northern Ireland

Using original data from the Northern Ireland Life and Times survey, this article assesses public attitudes toward key issues of symbolism intimately connected with the Northern Ireland conflict and peace process. It uses public attitudes toward the symbolic expressions of Northern Ireland's politico-religious blocs as indicators of the extent of intercommunity tolerance in the delicate post-Belfast Agreement period. Survey questions on attitudes toward flags, including the idea of a new flag for Northern Ireland; loyalist and republican murals; and memorials to the dead of the conflict, including the idea of a memorial for all of the victims of the conflict, reveal that partisan attitudes toward communal symbols of identity and commemoration persist, despite macro-level political changes heralded by the 1998 peace accord. It is argued that the consociational design of the Belfast Agreement facilitates the perpetuation of the single-identity politics of Irish nationalism and Ulster unionism. In this context, public attachment to partisan symbols remains strong.     

Ulster Protestants in New Zealand: A Bibliographic Essay

One of the most noticeable aspects of recent studies which examine Irish migration to New Zealand has been the identification of a sizeable contingent of Ulster Protestant settlers within that migrant stream. Their presence has proven to be a complicating factor in how the history of the Irish in New Zealand has been written and has made easy assumptions about the loyalty, identity, politics and ethnicity of that population impossible. This essay surveys the existing literature on New Zealand's Ulster Protestant population across a wide range of subjects while at the same time considering their apparent disappearance as a distinct ethnic grouping in the new world.     

影响北魏经济结构转换的因素

北魏建立后,其经济结构经历了由狩猎、畜牧、农耕等多元混合经济向以农耕经济为主的转换,这个转换是多重因素综合的结果。在生态环境、经济、军事、人口以及游牧思维习惯等因素的共同影响下,最终于孝文帝时期确立了农业的主体地位。     

南北朝释奠推行模式比较

释奠是魏晋以来由皇帝、皇太子倡导推行的国家级学礼,以尊师崇圣为宗旨,倡导了当时以及后世的崇儒学风。南朝的释奠丰富详备,且讲且奠,由帝王、太子在京师举行典礼;北朝的释奠前简后详,呈后来居上之势,逐渐发展为从中央到地方多层级推行的官学学礼。释奠成为普及面甚广的全国性学礼的历史过程体现了南、北礼仪文化的迥异品质和整体差异。     

Political constructions of a cross-community identity in a divided society: how politicians articulate Northern Irishness

ABSTRACT

A shared identity has been shown to reduce prejudice between conflicting social groups. One such common national category is the ‘Northern Irish’ identity which can be inclusive of both Catholics and Protestants. This study analyses the plenary sessions of the Northern Ireland Assembly to show how the national category ‘Northern Irish’ is framed by politicians. Content analysis shows that it is used more often by centrist parties who tend to frame it positively and as part of their political viewpoint. There is also evidence of the instrumental use of this identity by unionists in line with the ingroup projection model.     

Religion,truth, national identity and social meaning: The example of Northern Ireland

This article argues that national identity is closely bound up with religion, which in turn is closely bound up with ideas of truth. Different religions will form and transmit different ideas of truth, both moral and cognitive, and transmit them and socialise their members in to holding them. From this a socially exclusive group is formed, which becomes one basis for a nation. This nation becomes morally and cognitively exclusive of non-religious members since they will hold different truths and so cannot be trusted, they cannot be ‘loyal and true’. Ireland and Northern Ireland provide a classic example of this, where Catholic and Protestant were the mediums for transmitting Romantic or Enlightenment versions of the truth and so provided a basis for opposed ideas of nation.     

Negotiating the ground: ‘mobilizing’ a divided field site in the ‘post-conflict’ city

ABSTRACT

While an exploration of mobility patterns in ‘post-conflict’ societies has much to tell us about how division is produced through ordinary activities, less work has considered the practical application of a mobilities ‘lens’ during fieldwork in such contexts. Negotiating the ground in highly polarized contexts presents a unique array of challenges, but also offers opportunities to make use of mobile methodologies. This paper discusses the advantages of GPS-based technologies and walking interviews to a recent activity-space segregation study in Belfast, Northern Ireland, and reflects on methodological issues posed by the ‘post-conflict’ field site.     

北魏鄯乾、鄯月光、于仙姬墓志及其相关问题

从洛阳出土的西域鄯乾、鄯月光和于仙姬墓志可知:北魏王朝使鄯善王"世君西夏",任鄯乾为"辅国将军城门校尉"和"征虏将军安定内史"诸职。于阗国主女于仙姬远嫁文成皇帝,居魏宫七十余年,死后陪葬"西陵"。车师前部王长子与其妻鄯月光流寓洛阳,死葬北邙。这些正是北魏时期西域诸国"乐中国土风,因而宅者","万有余家"的历史佐证。