宪政运行的成本结构

分析宪政运行的成本结构，对于宪法实施、宪政评价和宪政社会的构建都有重要的时代意义。宪政运行成本就是宪政运行过程中所产生和付出的代价和费用，具有交易费用的性质。宪政运行的成本结构包括立宪成本、行宪成本、守宪成本和违完成本等。     

The Family and Medical Leave Law

Abstract

This essay asks whether the Family and Medical Leave Law (1993) is feminist social policy, as it was touted to be by its political supporters. The study takes three approaches to feminism outlined by Lorber in her 2001 text, Gender Inequality: Feminist Theories and Politics, which considers women in their roles as mothers and workers. Data taken from a Department of Labor FMLA utilization study are then analyzed in the context of these three approaches to feminism. I conclude that the FMLA is not feminist in a substantive way despite its symbolic value.     

Optimal estimation of a finite population mean under generalized random permutation models

Employing certain generalized random permutation models and a general class of linear estimators of a finite population mean, it is shown that many of the conventional estimators are “optimal” in the sense of minimum average mean square error. Simple proofs are provided by using a well-known theorem on UMV estimation. The results also cover certain simple response error situations.     

以学习十六大党章为契机全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想

学习贯彻十六大党章,必须全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想,深入领会“三个代表”重要思想的科学内涵,牢牢把握贯彻“三个代表”重要思想的根本要求,紧紧抓住坚持与时俱进这个关键,保持党的先进性这个核心,坚持执政为民这个本质,以“三个代表”重要思想为行动指南,不断开创中国特色社会主义事业的新局面。     

Democratic Implications of Public Organizations

The author suggests a Weberian methodology, based on theories of democracy and organization, for assessing normative implications of public organizations. How different organizational models contribute to (re)create democracy and legitimacy is scrutinized with reference to a Swedish IT program. The conclusion is that a system management organization will be an appropriate choice for dealing with tame problems, but it will at the same time promote an elitist democratization. In contrast, a development organization will be more appropriate in dealing with complex problems, and it will most likely promote discursive democratization.     

德得关系的轨迹、假设与实施

德得关系在经历了古代的相通关系和现代的相分关系后 ,必将走向扬弃意义上的统一 ,这种统一在未来的最自然的方式便是“德不求得”。因此 ,德得关系只有在提高社会个体素质的基础上才能达到真正的统一 ,而解决这一问题的惟一途径和关键便是道德教化     

论转变思维方式落实三个代表

江泽民"三个代表"的提出体现着解放思想、是实事求是,它标示着新的历史条件下新的思维方式;新思维方式是认识新情况、分析新矛盾、解决新问题的新视野,只有与时俱进,转变思维方式才能有效落实"三个代表"一是树立新思维,深入领会"三个代表"的科学内涵,二是求实创新,锐意实践"三个代表".     

Lapses,infidelities, and creative adaptations: Lessons from evaluation of a participatory market development approach in the Andes

Participatory approaches are frequently recommended for international development programs, but few have been evaluated. From 2007 to 2010 the Andean Change Alliance evaluated an agricultural research and development approach known as the “Participatory Market Chain Approach” (PMCA). Based on a study of four cases, this paper examines the fidelity of implementation, the factors that influenced implementation and results, and the PMCA change model. We identify three types of deviation from the intervention protocol (lapses, creative adaptations, and true infidelities) and five groups of variables that influenced PMCA implementation and results (attributes of the macro context, the market chain, the key actors, rules in use, and the capacity development strategy). There was insufficient information to test the validity of the PMCA change model, but results were greatest where the PMCA was implemented with highest fidelity. Our analysis suggests that the single most critical component of the PMCA is engagement of market agents – not just farmers – throughout the exercise. We present four lessons for planning and evaluating participatory approaches related to the use of action and change models, the importance of monitoring implementation fidelity, the limits of baseline survey data for outcome evaluation, and the importance of capacity development for implementers.     

中国廉政制度的适应性分析

我国有一整套廉政制度,但制度反腐却未取得明显实效,腐败形势仍然很严峻。制度反腐未取得明显成效的原因在于:廉政制度的适应性状况不佳。它主要表现在三个方面:廉政制度与制度环境不相适应;非正式制度与正式制度不相适应;廉政制度与制度实施机制不相适应。其根源在于:现有廉政制度效率释放已尽;新的廉政制度变迁动力不足;廉政制度变迁的路径依赖。     

Optimal experimental design criterion for discriminating semiparametric models

This paper studies the optimal experimental design problem to discriminate two regression models. Recently, López-Fidalgo et al. [2007. An optimal experimental design criterion for discriminating between non-normal models. J. Roy. Statist. Soc. B 69, 231–242] extended the conventional T-optimality criterion by Atkinson and Fedorov [1975a. The designs of experiments for discriminating between two rival models. Biometrika 62, 57–70; 1975b. Optimal design: experiments for discriminating between several models. Biometrika 62, 289–303] to deal with non-normal parametric regression models, and proposed a new optimal experimental design criterion based on the Kullback–Leibler information divergence. In this paper, we extend their parametric optimality criterion to a semiparametric setup, where we only need to specify some moment conditions for the null or alternative regression model. Our criteria, called the semiparametric Kullback–Leibler optimality criteria, can be implemented by applying a convex duality result of partially finite convex programming. The proposed method is illustrated by a simple numerical example.