日本地域福利体制研究

二战后,高速经济增长促进了日本福利国家体制的形成。但进入20世纪90年代后,经济发展停滞与人口老龄化加剧,使福利国家体制面临严重挑战。地域福利作为代替福利国家的新的理念登场。日本开始探索从福利国家体制到地域福利体制的转变。地域福利以居民为福利主体,调动社会福利协会等福利组织,形成新兴的"地域共同体",及时有效地为地域社会中需要帮助的对象提供多样化的福利服务。本文主要分析了地域福利的形成过程及地域福利的理念及内容、地域福利实施体制,并对地域福利的核心老年人地域福利进行了阐述。地域福利作为一种协作模式,将对中国发展社区福利也具有启示作用。     

General Statement of Ethical Principles and Guidelines

Objective: The authors examined the effects of relational commitment (high commitment versus low commitment) and relationship maintenance goals (high threat versus low threat) on decisions to request the use of a condom. Methods: The authors conducted a 2-part study using a survey of responses to hypothetical scenarios and decisions in actual relationships. Results: Results indicated that people with high relational commitment were less likely to request a condom than were people with low relational commitment. People who perceived threats to relationship maintenance goals if a condom was requested were less likely to request a condom than were people who did not perceive threats to relationship maintenance goals. Conclusions: Findings from this study highlight the influence that relational threats and commitment levels have on condom use decision making.     

组织内成员间知识共享的影响因素研究

采用问卷调查法对5个组织(包含270个成员)进行了调查,从知识贡献和收集2个角度探讨了知识共享系统机制.研究结果表明:个体知识共享的成本和收益因素对知识贡献与知识收集有阻碍作用或促进作用;组织情感承诺能够对外在性成本与收益因素、知识贡献与知识收集之间关系起到减弱调节作用;知识权威丧失是阻碍知识贡献的重要影响因素.     

Culture and industry: exploring the debate

This paper explores the conceptual space inhabited by the Creative Industries. It pursues this by examining complex relationships between “culture” and “industry” in historical perspective, considering significant differences (and similarities) between four major interpretations; Marxist, Economic, Socio-political and Romantic. Mindful of contemporary oversimplifications, the paper argues for a dialogic approach to the multi-layered complexities of the “culture/industry” interface.     

官办非营利组织的利益相关者：期望、影响及回应——以武汉市青少年空间为例

在社会转型期，由政府出资并负责日常管理的官办非营利组织成为我国福利体系中普遍存在的组织类型，它的成长受到了多元化利益群体的普遍关注。文章运用利益相关者的理论视角分析了武汉市青少年空间的首要利益相关者和次要利益相关者；并探讨了不同利益相关者对组织的不同期望及其在组织使命、组织目标、组织行动三个层面的影响。文章指出，基于利益相关者、期望及影响的分析可以看出官办非营利组织多元化的组织生态和互动博弈关系。     

承诺交易中的不确定性:最优责任水平与保险机制

在现实世界中,由于交易过程存在不完全信息,承诺交易往往具有不确定性,可能会导致交易无法顺利进行.引进保险机制,可以为交易实现最优责任水平提供保障机制,从而解决交易双方的最优责任分配问题,实现帕累托改进.主要分析保险机构的介入机制,通过建立模型,论证保险机制的有效性,并使之扩展到各个应用领域.     

美国经济分析局简介

本文详细介绍了美国经济分析局的职能、机构组织和人员、经费预算以及承担的统计调查项目、数据质量要求以及当前面临的挑战，并在此基础上提出了美国经济分析局的战略规划和战略目标。     

MIT媒体实验室跨学科研究的文化风格

MIT媒体实验室是跨学科研究的一个成功典范，有着崇尚学术自由、注重学科整合、坚持开放合作、信奉自由管理的独特文化风格，有效地促进了跨学科研究的创新。MIT媒体实验室跨学科研究的文化风格是媒体实验室取得成功的重要原因之一。     

Optimizing Customer Forecasts for Forecast‐Commitment Contracts

We study a “Forecast‐Commitment” contract motivated by a manufacturer's desire to provide good service in the form of delivery commitments in exchange for reasonable forecasts and a purchase commitment from the customer. The customer provides a forecast for a future order and a guarantee to purchase a portion of it. In return, the supplier commits to satisfy some or all of the forecast. The supplier pays penalties for shortfalls of the commitment quantity from the forecast, and for shortfalls of the delivered quantity from the customer's final order (not exceeding the commitment quantity). These penalties allow differential service among customers. In Durango‐Cohen and Yano (2006), we analyzed the supplier's problem for a given customer forecast. In this paper, we analyze the customer's problem under symmetric information, both when the customer is honest and when he strategically orders more than his demand when doing so is advantageous. We show that the customer gains little from lying, so the supplier can use his control over the contract parameters to encourage honesty. When the customer is honest, the contract achieves (near‐)coordination of the supply chain in a great majority of instances, and thus provides both excellent performance and flexibility in structuring contracts.