局部抗战时期上海报告文学的厘定及其特点

由于历史时期的划分,局部抗战时期的上海文学,往往成为抗战时期上海文学研究中一个容易被忽略的部分,而实际上,这是一个重要的阶段。局部抗战时期的报告文学有其特殊的研究内容和丰硕的创作实绩,产生于其间的四种报告文学类型在文学史上影响深远,成为抗战时期上海报告文学的滥觞。     

大学英语教学与素质教育

文章分析了大学英语教学的现状,认为目前的大学英语教学由于受应试倾向的影响,离真正意义上的素质教育还有很大距离。如果说,应试教育就如受人一鱼,仅供一饭之需,那么,素质教育才是授人以渔,令其受益终身。因此,作者认为,要想实施素质教育必须对大学英语的教学模式和考试模式加以改革。     

关于普通话水平测试的几点思考

普通话水平测试是我国现阶段普及普通话工作的一项重大举措,经过近10年的实践,推广普通话工作取得了实质性的进步,但是仍存在一些问题值得思考。文章从普通话测试内容的角度进行探讨,对其测试项目存在的问题,比如试题难易不均衡、朗读项目考核目的不明确等逐一进行研究,针对性地提出完善测试内容的实践性对策及相关的配套措施,为我国普通话的推广和汉语言文字的发展献计献策。     

初级关系新探析

文章主要研究社会转型期部分初级关系的发展趋势.认为夫妻互动可以有条件地从全面互动转向片面互动;婆媳之间天然地存在四大矛盾,欲处理好婆媳关系必须解决好她们之间矛盾;提出现代邻里群体的概念及促进其形成的原则.     

Treatment Effects With Unobserved Heterogeneity: A Set Identification Approach

We propose the sharp identifiable bounds of the potential outcome distributions using panel data. We allow for the possibility that statistical randomization of treatment assignments is not achieved until unobserved heterogeneity is properly controlled for. We use certain stationarity assumptions to obtain the sharp bounds. Our approach allows for dynamic treatment decisions, where the current treatment decisions may depend on the past treatments or the past observed outcomes. As an empirical illustration, we study the effect of smoking during pregnancy on infant birthweight. We find that for the group of switchers the infant birthweight of a smoking mother is first-order stochastically dominated by that of a nonsmoking mother.     

The response of household parental investment to child endowments

The theoretical and empirical literature on parental investment focuses on whether child-specific parental investments reinforce or compensate for a child’s initial endowments. However, many parental investments, such as neighborhood quality and family size and structure, are shared wholly or in part among all children in a household. The empirical results of this paper imply that such household parental investments compensate for low endowments, as proxied by low birth weight.

东北地区出口商品结构与经济增长关系的实证研究

笔者利用初级产品与工业制品的和、差比例关系,构造了一个描述出口商品结构的变量,并根据东北地区1990—2008年的相关数据,对东北地区出口商品结构与经济增长之间的关系进行了计量分析和检验,得出了相关结论。     

Tail Behavior of the General Error Distribution

An inequality on the tail behavior of the general error distribution and an asymptotic Mills-type ratio are established. Two applications are provided. The first application considers the asymptotic behavior of the ratio of probability densities and the ratio of the tails of the general error and normal distributions. The second application establishes the asymptotic distribution of the partial maximum of an independent and identically distributed sequence from the general error distribution.     

Simple and Exact Empirical Likelihood Ratio Tests for Normality Based on Moment Relations

The empirical likelihood (EL) technique is a powerful nonparametric method with wide theoretical and practical applications. In this article, we use the EL methodology in order to develop simple and efficient goodness-of-fit tests for normality based on the dependence between moments that characterizes normal distributions. The new empirical likelihood ratio (ELR) tests are exact and are shown to be very powerful decision rules based on small to moderate sample sizes. Asymptotic results related to the Type I error rates of the proposed tests are presented. We present a broad Monte Carlo comparison between different tests for normality, confirming the preference of the proposed method from a power perspective. A real data example is provided.     

Corrected likelihood ratio and score tests for the beta distribution

We present correction formulae to improve likelihood ratio and score teats for testing simple and composite hypotheses on the parameters of the beta distribution. As a special case of our results we obtain improved tests for the hypothesis that a sample is drawn from a uniform distribution on (0, 1). We present some Monte Carlo investigations to show that both corrected tests have better performances than the classical likelihood ratio and score tests at least for small sample sizes.