城市老年人服务需求的实证研究

城市老年人服务需求的类型包括:健康需求、精神文化活动需求、日常物质生活需求、精神慰藉需求、社会交往需求、获得尊重的需求、自我实现的需求等。满足城市老年人服务需求的对策包括:政府要充分认识满足老年人服务需求工作的重要性和迫切性、建构网络化的老年人服务需求支持系统、充分发挥社区助老服务的功能、加大满足老年人精神文化生活需求和自我实现需求的相关服务设施的投入力度。     

建设社会主义新农村带根本性的战略选择

统筹城乡发展,改革城乡二元结构是建设社会主义新农村的根本任务;实现城乡二元结构转换是建设社会主义新农村的必要与必然;要抓住新农村建设和二元结构转换的机遇期与关键期,加快我国工业化城市化现代化的发展步伐;积极面对和探析制约新农村建设的现实深层次的矛盾与问题;以科学发展观为指导,大力推进实施城乡二元结构转换的制度创新,为农民提供基本而有保障的公共产品。     

辩证法在东、西方发展的不同命运——兼谈哲学研究中的方法论问题

我们在辩证法研究中之所以出现种种困惑,就在于没有从范式的高度去看待东西方的研究成果。东西方学者的研究可以概括为两个范式＂：研究马恩辩证法之间关系＂的范式和＂关注辩证法应用＂的范式。这两种范式的形成,既与东西方学者的研究方式有关,又与西方人重视＂正的方法＂,中国人重视＂负的方法＂等文化传统相联系。在借鉴西方学者研究成果时,态度要非常慎重,要注意现成结论背后的研究方式与文化传统的差异。     

A formal test for the stationarity of the incidence rate using data from a prevalent cohort study with follow-up

In a prevalent cohort study with follow-up, the incidence process is not directly observed since only the onset times of prevalent cases can be ascertained. Assessing the “stationarity” of the underlying incidence process can be important for at least three reasons, including an improvement in efficiency when estimating the survivor function. We propose, for the first time, a formal test for stationarity using data from a prevalent cohort study with follow-up. The test makes use of a characterization of stationarity, an extension of this characterization developed in this paper, and of a test for matched pairs of right censored data. We report the results from a power study assuming varying degrees of departure from the null hypothesis of stationarity. The test is also applied to data obtained as part of the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) to verify whether the incidence rate of dementia amongst the elderly in Canada has remained constant.     

On the Harris extended family of distributions

A new method for generating new classes of distributions based on the probability-generating function is presented in Aly and Benkherouf [A new family of distributions based on probability generating functions. Sankhya B. 2011;73:70–80]. In particular, they focused their interest to the so-called Harris extended family of distributions. In this paper, we provide several general results regarding the Harris extended models such as the general behaviour of the failure rate function. We also derive a very useful representation for the Harris extended density function as an absolutely convergent power series of the survival function of the baseline distribution. Additionally, some stochastic order relations are established and limiting distributions of sample extremes are also considered for this model. These general results are illustrated in several special Harris extended models. Finally, we discuss estimation of the model parameters by the method of maximum likelihood and provide an application to real data for illustrative purposes.     

Shiftwork tolerance and 24-h variations in moods

Abstract

The objective of the study was to identify the differences in 24-h variations in moods between three groups of oil-refinery workers: tolerant shiftworkers, intolerant shiftworkers and workers who had never worked in shifts. Each group comprised 29 workers matched by age. The mood measurements were taken during a 24-h period every 2 h starting from 08:00 h. Results were scored for three scales: positive moods, negative moods and fatigue. The two-factor ANOVA revealed the significant main effect of groups for all three moods indicating differences at the average level of 24-h variations in all moods between workers who differed in the degree of tolerance to shiftwork. The significant main effect of time of day was also found for all moods while the reliable interaction between groups and time of day was observed for negative moods only, indicating a different shape of 24-h variations for non-shiftworkers in comparison to shiftworkers.     

哈里斯语言学思想与描写语言学的最新进展——《泽利格·哈里斯的遗产：进入二十一世纪的语言与信息》述评

泽利格·哈里斯（Zellig Harris）是美国描写语言学派继布龙菲尔德之后（也称描写语言学成熟期）最重要的代表人物之一。《泽利格·哈里斯的遗产》由他的学生及同事一起撰稿汇编而成,探讨了与哈里斯研究有关的各种语言学问题。从科学语言体系、话语分析与次语言语法、句法与语义、音系学、语言学的应用、数学与形式系统、语言的可计算性及计算机应用方面对哈里斯语言研究及描写语言学的近期发展进行了比较全面介绍。该书为全面了解哈里斯语言研究提供了丰富的材料,为更准确全面认识形式主义语言学研究提供了机会。     

论正能量的三维划分及其循环

“正能量”一词走红于2012年,以网络微博等方式迅速产生蝴蝶效应,成为当红微博用语,出现在各种公益活动的平台上,这种能量对每个人、社会与国家的发展都具有重要的意义。因此,文章在对正能量进行解读的基础上,并对其循环试作了简单思考。     

不同品质形容词的内隐记忆研究

研究采用内隐记忆加工分离程序,考察了不同性别类型大学生对积极品质词、消极品质词、中性品质词的内隐与外显记忆成绩。结果表明:大学生对各种类型的品质形容词有意识提取高于无意识提取,表明品质更多的依赖于后天教育;男女组不同品质形容词的内隐记忆成绩并没有显著差异;女性相比于男性对各种类型的形容词其再认能力和辨别排除的能力更强。     

简论中国佛教伦理对国民伦理精神的积极意义

佛教伦理对于中国国民伦理精神的积极意义 ,突出表现为现实性伦理精神的作用和资源性伦理精神的作用。前者由佛教信仰的合法性、佛教的道德化特征、佛教的现实作用来说明 ,后者佛教道德规范的可移植性与道德建设经验的可借鉴性说明。这种作用的有效发挥涉及到佛教伦理的当代转型 ,特别是问题域的转型