加强大学生理想信念教育的重要性及其方法研究

从当代大学生所具有的自身特点、所处的现实社会环境和在未来社会中的作用三方面入手,论述了加强当代大学生理想信念教育的重要性,并探索性地提出了做好当代大学生理想信念教育工作的方法途径.     

Why do the children of the poor die in Dhaka,Bangladesh?

Mortality data from much of the developing world show that the health advantage of urban over rural areas is being eroded. The single most important factor is the very high mortality of the slum populations, mostly rural-urban migrants in the large cities. This has been shown to be true of Dhaka, Bangladesh, where much of the mortality differential between the poor and other residents can be explained by higher mortality in the slums among young children, especially infants. This paper reports on a collaborative project, Access to Health and Reproductive Health Services in the Dhaka Slums, which confirmed this situation in a 1999 survey and employed an in-depth approach in 2000 to investigate the circumstances of child deaths. It is shown that these deaths mostly occur among illiterate rural-urban migrants who have brought pre-Islamic folk beliefs about illness and its treatment with them. This and cost in most cases preclude modern medical treatment. These disadvantages are reinforced by treatment decisions being made in a purdah society almost entirely by women, especially old women, with husbands and other male relatives often being beyond contact. Suggestions are advanced for improving the situation.     

大学生理想信念教育中道德信仰的作用机制——以“生活世界”为根基的哲学解读

以生活世界为根基的大学生理想信念教育,是对传统理想信念教育范式的突破和发展。这首先表现在价值逻辑上是从“是-应当”转变为“应当-是”。在“应当到是”的逻辑过程中,这一转变需要一逻辑中介即道德信仰。道德信仰通过“价值还原”和“超越生成”机制,使大学生个体得以突破“主-客”、“个体-社会”和“真理-价值”的二元价值分裂,使社会主义理想信念得以主体性的生成。     

Are lay theories of work stress related to distress? A longitudinal study in the British workforce

The potential stressfulness of an event may depend on how it is appraised by the individual, although up to now there have been no longitudinal studies on the relationship between lay beliefs concerning work stress and perceived strain. This longitudinal study examines how lay theories of work stress at baseline were related to perceived mental strain at follow up. The present paper builds on an earlier study (Furnham, 1997), using a longitudinal design and a much larger population of the British workforce (N=2270). Lay beliefs were assessed by a scale consisting of 36 items. Factor analysis gave a solution with five factors on perceived causes and four factors of perceived alleviation of work stress. Linear multiple regression analysis revealed significant relations between lay beliefs of work stress at baseline and perceived mental strain as well as job stress 14 months later. The effect sizes were small but of a similar magnitude to those that have been found, for example, in occupational stress-reducing interventions. A problem with the factor analytic approach was the discrepancies between the factor solutions and the relative importance of the perceived causes of work stress. The results from the study suggest that subjective beliefs about work stress merits further analysis as potentially mediating between 'objective' working conditions and stress outcomes.     

基于改进信息交易概率模型的信息风险测度研究

准确测度信息不对称是研究金融市场信息不对称问题的基础。在详细考察经典的信息交易概率模型的建模过程和假设条件的基础上,针对信息交易者和非信息交易者在不同信息状态下的订单提交状况,提出考虑外生信息状态概率、异质期望和交易活跃度的改进的信息交易概率模型;通过带机制转换的向量自回归模型估计外生信息状态概率,综合考虑多方面的市场交易信息,提高模型估计的准确性。实证结果表明,改进的信息交易概率模型可以较好地刻画证券市场的信息不对称程度。从截面上看,信息交易概率与标的资产的垄断优势和话题性相关,垄断优势越强的股票信息交易概率越低,话题性越强的股票信息交易概率越高;从时间上看,信息交易概率的变化受公告信息的影响,公告信息发布前的信息交易概率较高,公告信息发布后的信息交易概率较低。因此,在防范信息风险时,应重点关注话题性较强的版块,特别是股价比较容易受舆论影响波动的个股;同时,在公告信息发布之前的时段,应对市场波动和信息动向给予更多关注。     

布朗族民间信仰与差异化族群关系的建构——以老曼峨村为个案

以云南省勐海县老曼峨村为个案,介绍布朗族与周边的傣族、哈尼族、拉祜族村寨的族群关系,分析当地布朗族如何根据主观选择,将民间信仰作为建构差异化族群关系的手段和工具。     

泉州传统城市社区形态分析及其启示

以泉州旧城区铺境空间为研究对象,关注出现在铺境单元中的民间信仰及其相关的仪式空间,分析铺境空间的形成过程及其社区特性,解读人们在铺境空间中的生活场景和精神防卫需求。铺境社区的形成过程,是民间日常生活对官方空间划分体系的超越和转移,是居民对日常生活空间营造的身体力行。根据传统社区的空间形态,探讨历史变迁中城市社区的社会空间与形态空间的互动与变迁,试图从泉州的铺境空间考察与研究中,探求对当代城市和谐社区建设的有益启示。     

论红色教育与大学生政治信仰教育的契合

大学生政治信仰教育是培养中国特色社会主义事业的合格建设者和可靠接班人重要途径。文章把红色教育是大学生政治信仰教育的有效载体作为切入点,分析了红色教育和大学生政治信仰教育在内容上的契合,并从红色教育融入大学生思想政治教育全过程、利用红色教育发挥大学生主观能动性和营造良好的社会环境等方面对运用红色教育进行大学生政治信仰教育的路径进行探索。     

殷周之际精神信仰的嬗变

殷周之际,政治与文化发生了剧变。这种剧变的背后是精神信仰的冲突。殷商崇拜以帝或上帝为代表的自然神,带有宗教的性质;西周则崇拜以天或天命为代表的人格神,具有理性的光芒。相较之下,西周更注重外在的天命与内在的德性之间的互应,并用"以德配天"的方式进行思想教化。由此来看,西周的思想中已有人文的因子与人性的觉醒,这为"轴心时代"的思想大解放奠定了基础。