幼儿园班级早期读写环境:要素、问题与对策

儿童早期读写能力在一定程度上能预测其后续学业成就,近三十年是学术界的研究热点。丰富可及的读写材料和教师的中介作用是早期读写环境的两大要素,对于幼儿早期读写发展意义重大。当前,幼儿园班级早期读写环境存在重结构质量、轻过程质量的问题。结合澳大利亚托幼中心早期读写环境的创设经验,我国早期读写教育可从采用持续共享思考策略、纳入信息通信技术、巧用儿童流行文化、实施一对一差异指导等途径寻找出路。     

消费者隐私保护研究述评与未来展望

在数字经济时代，消费者数据在变得更易获取、更有价值的同时，也比以往更加脆弱。相应地，有关消费者隐私保护问题也得到了前所未有的关注，但相关研究依然较为零散，一系列关键问题亟须探索。通过阐述消费者隐私悖论的形成与化解，梳理消费者隐私保护影响因素的相关研究，探讨顾客、技术、企业和政府多元主体协同的消费者隐私保护路径问题，构建了消费者隐私保护研究的整合框架，并揭示出未来的七个重点研究方向：(1)辨析消费者隐私保护行为在不同情境下的差异，构建隐私应对行为合理性的评价标准；(2)基于多个视角进一步深入挖掘消费者隐私悖论的成因及化解策略；(3)加强对消费者隐私担忧影响隐私保护行为的条件及情境范围的深入考察；(4)进一步深入研究消费者隐私素养的衡量、形成及培育机制；(5)深入考察消费者隐私疲劳的前因与影响机制；(6)综合考虑各方责任与利益动态平衡，突出协同作用，深入挖掘多元主体协同的消费者隐私保护路径；(7)扩展消费者隐私保护的跨文化与本土化研究。     

Measuring economic competence of youth with a short scale

We present a 12-item scale measuring the cognitive component of economic competence and document the psychometric properties of the scale. Using a data set with >12,000 secondary school students in Germany, the scale shows high discriminatory power and covers a wide range of ability levels. Analyses of ‘Differential Item Functioninǵ show no item bias across key demographic characteristics, and scores show meaningful associations with scores obtained from adjacent test instruments. Student-level correlates mirror estimates documented in earlier literature as well as results relying on a more extensive version of the scale with 31 items. The presented short scale enables researchers and practitioners to efficiently measure economic competence of youth.     

中国涉农公务员群体转基因态度、认知及其影响因素调查与分析

由于特殊的职业属性与身份特质，公务员群体的转基因态度对社会公众具有一定的示范与引导作用。通过对全国3018名主要涉农公务员进行转基因态度及认知的问卷调查发现：公务员群体整体上对转基因持有较为积极的态度，但同时伴有一定的担忧情绪。在转基因议题上，公务员群体呈现出明显的个人行为态度与国家行为态度的二元分化。在个人消费层面上，公务员群体依旧抱有较为保守的反对态度；而在国家研发与管控层面上，公务员群体则表现出与国家政策方针较为一致的支持态度。此外，公务员群体整体基因科学素养不高，并倾向于对转基因阴谋论持有中立或认可的态度。心理风险感知是公务员群体支持或反对转基因最为重要的认知因素。因此，有必要针对公务员群体开展定向的转基因科普宣传，提高这一群体的基因科学素养、降低其阴谋论认知并对其心理风险感知进行有的放矢的干涉。这些工作有望改善公务员群体对转基因的态度，进而推动我国转基因产业化的进程。     

A Multiple Objective Embedded Network Model for Human Resource Planning and an Implementation of the Tchebycheff Method

A multiple objective embedded network model is proposed to model a variety of human resource planning problems including executive succession planning, compensation planning, training program design, diversity management and human systems design. The Tchebycheff Method, an interactive multiple objective programming solution procedure developed by Steuer and Choo [32], is implemented using NETSIDE, a computer routine for solving network problems with side constraints developed by Kennington and Whisman [17]. This paper demonstrates how the network structure common to many types of human resource planning problems can be exploited to improve solution efficiency, and how our approach extends the use of network models in human resource planning by including multiple objectives and extranetwork constraints. An illustrative example demonstrating the modeling and solution approach is presented, and the potential applications of these approaches in two specific areas of human resource planning are discussed.     

A Heuristic Algorithm for the Capacitated Multiple Supplier Inventory Grouping Problem

This paper presents and solves a model for the multiple supplier inventory grouping problem, which involves the minimization of logistics costs for a firm that has multiple suppliers with capacity limitations. The costs included in the model are purchasing, transportation, ordering, and inventory holding, while the firm's objective is to determine the optimal flows and groups of commodities from each supplier. We present an algorithm, which combines subgradient optimization and a primal heuristic, to quickly solve the multiple supplier inventory grouping problem. Our algorithm is tested extensively on problems of various sizes and structures, and its performance is compared to that of OSL, a state-of-the-art integer programming code. The computational results indicate that our approach is extremely efficient for solving the multiple supplier inventory grouping problem.