Educating the labouring poor in nineteenth-century Suffolk

This article demonstrates the utility of a new source, prison registers, for the history of literacy and education in nineteenth-century England. It focuses on two sets of prison registers from the two county gaols in Suffolk, located at Ipswich and Bury St Edmunds, which contain personal information on 16,690 individuals over the period 1840 to 1878. First, the article examines the context in which personal information about prisoners was recorded and tests the data against benchmarks from other sources to prove its reliability. Second, the article employs two methods, statistical analysis and digital mapping, to study in depth the rich data on prisoners’ literacy and schooling. Finally, the article shows how the results of this analysis significantly revise our understanding of the prevalence of schooling among the labouring poor, the use of different types of schools, the role of the partially literate in the drive towards mass literacy, and the importance of life-long learning.     

提升中小学生阅读兴趣的实证研究——基于MIMIC模型的教学效能分析

提升学生的阅读素养是当前我国阅读课程教学改革的重要目标之一。本研究首次尝试将群文阅读这种新兴的阅读教学方式与传统的单本阅读教学方式进行对比研究，主要从提升学生阅读兴趣的效能方面进行分析与探讨。实验涉及我国中西部5个省市、6个区县共计1 231名中小学生，并使用MIMIC模型，在有效控制测量误差的基础上，对实证数据进行了量化建模与分析，通过分析发现，群文阅读教学对激发学生阅读的“情境兴趣”有更加显著的作用，具体表现为对学生阅读注意力、情感体验、探索意愿、价值感知的影响更大，同时也验证了Knogler提出的“情境兴趣模型”在阅读教学领域的适用性，从而为进一步推进我国中小学阅读课程教学改革提供了科学的数据支撑。因此，为提升中小学生阅读素养，在阅读教学中引入群文阅读这一新兴的教学方式，具有重要的实践价值和现实意义。     

MOOC背景下高校思想政治理论课教师信息素养的提升路径

MOOC背景下，高校思想政治理论课教师信息素养亟待提升，存在信息意识淡漠、信息知识缺乏系统性和创新性、信息能力欠缺等诸多问题。高校应创设条件，使思政课教师树牢信息意识，提高教师学习教育信息技术的积极性、主动性；丰富思政课教师的信息知识，健全教师参与教育信息技术培训的体制机制；营造健康和谐的信息环境，切实保障教师获取信息的畅通途径，不断适应新形势的要求，增强思想政治理论课的实效性。     

基于行为系统模型的农村中学英语教师专业发展策略研究

新的英语课程标准将“发展学生的英语学科核心素养”作为根本任务，这对英语教师的专业化水平提出了更高的要求。源于社会生态系统理论的行为系统模型，可为教师专业发展研究提供科学的思考框架。在深入分析行为系统模型的理论缘起、内涵结构基础上，全面梳理了现阶段农村中学英语教师专业发展状况以及存在的问题，从微系统、中系统、外系统、宏系统四个层次分别阐述了推动农村中学英语教师专业发展的策略，对保障英语课程标准的贯彻落实、中学英语教学质量的提升等具有一定的价值和意义。     

Effect of health literacy interventions on pregnancy outcomes: A systematic review

BackgroundLow health literacy has been associated with worse health outcomes, but little is known about the effectiveness of health literacy interventions developed for pregnant women.AimTo assess the effectiveness of health literacy interventions on pregnancy outcomes through a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.MethodsRandomised controlled trials that assessed health literacy interventions designed to improve pregnancy outcomes were included. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42018094958).FindingsOf the 1512 records initially identified, 13 studies were included. Three reported on decision-aid interventions, six on face-to-face interventions and four on written interventions (including computer-based interventions or information leaflets). The primary outcomes of interest for this systematic review were knowledge (10/13 studies) and health literacy (2/13 studies) with one study not reporting either primary outcome. A significant improvement in knowledge was found across the 10 studies, however the two studies which measured health literacy only assessed health literacy at a single time-point. Secondary outcomes including health behaviours, fetal outcomes and health-service utilisation were reported in 11 studies, with inconsistent results.DiscussionFew health literacy interventions have been developed specifically for pregnant women. Although health literacy interventions have the potential to improve knowledge and pregnancy outcomes, current evidence is limited by inconsistent outcomes and measurement, and limited use of health literacy theory to inform intervention design and content. Few studies directly measured health literacy.ConclusionMore research is needed to properly assess the effect of health literacy interventions on pregnancy outcomes. This research should include consideration of health literacy theory in the development of the interventions.     

中美两国妇女生育双胞胎率的比较分析

本文比较了中美两国育龄妇女生育双胞胎率的差异以及与年龄的关系,指出一卵双胎率和二卵双胎率大小．不但与妇女妊娠年龄有关,而且与遗传有关．     

国内网络素养领域的研究现状——基于CNKI数据库的文献计量分析

以中国知网CNKI期刊数据库为数据来源,采用文献计量方法对国内网络素养的研究现状进行分析发现：目前国内网络素养研究的文献增长符合指数增长规律,正处于知识积累的发展阶段;该研究领域为多学科交叉领域,教育学、马克思主义学、新闻学与传播学是其研究的核心阵地;目前核心作者群还比较薄弱,固定的科研合作团队较少;大学生及青少年（包括未成年人）是该领域的主要研究对象,新媒体、网络舆情、网络行为、网络理性、网络道德等是该领域的研究热点。     

泛在学习环境下中美高校教师信息文化素养比较

在泛在学习环境下,高校教师作为教学的设计者、引领者、组织者和管理者,面对灵活多样的学习手段和海量的学习资源,必须具备较高的信息文化素养。比较中美信息文化素养的概念认知理解、中美高校教师信息文化素养建设标准以及中美高校教师信息素养提升途径与效果等方面的差异,学习和借鉴美国的成功经验,对从国情出发,制定出适合我国的高校教师信息文化素养标准,拓宽提升高校教师信息文化素养路径,推进我国教育现代化,实施人才强国战略具有重要意义。     

信息素养对农户参与电商的影响 ——基于农户内在感知的中介作用和政府推广的调节作用

基于有限理性行为理论和卢因行为理论,构建了信息素养对农户参与电商的 理论分析框架,利用陕西省８２７个苹果种植户调研数据,实证检验信息素养对农户参与电商 的因果效应,以及农户内在感知和政府推广在信息素养影响农户参与电商关系中的作用机 理.研究结果表明,信息素养对农户参与电商有显著正向影响;农户内在感知在信息素养影 响农户参与电商关系中发挥部分中介作用,具体而言,信息素养通过提高农户对农产品电商 的感知有用性和感知易用性促进农户参与电商;政府推广在信息素养影响农户参与电商关 系中具有显著正向调节作用,推广内容的全面性、易于理解程度和推广频率会增强信息素养 在农户参与电商中的促进作用.     

Taking the reins: A grounded theory study of women's experiences of negotiating water immersion for labour and birth after a previous caesarean section

BackgroundWomen seeking a vaginal birth after a caesarean section (VBAC) frequently want to keep their subsequent labour and birth free from intervention. Water immersion (WI) during labour is potentially an effective tool for women having a VBAC for its natural pain-relieving properties. However, negotiating access to WI can be difficult, especially in the context of VBAC.AimTo explore women's experiences of negotiating WI for labour and birth in the context of VBAC.MethodologyThis Grounded Theory study followed Strauss and Corbin's framework and analytic process. Twenty-five women planning or using WI for their VBAC labour or birth were recruited from two midwifery practices and a social media group across Australia. Participants were interviewed during pregnancy and/or postnatally.Findings‘Taking the reins’, the core category explaining the women’s experiences of assuming authority over their birth, comprised five categories: ‘Robbed of my previous birth experience’; ‘My eyes were opened’; ‘Water is my tool for a successful VBAC’; ‘Actioning my choices and rights for WI’, and ‘Empowered to take back control’. ‘Wanting natural and normal’ was the driving force behind women’s desire to birth vaginally. Two mediating factors: Having someone in your corner and Rules for birth facilitated or hindered their birth choices, respectively.ConclusionThe women became active participants in their healthcare by seeking information and options to keep their birth experience natural and normal. Support from other women and advocacy in the form of continuity of midwifery care was crucial in successfully negotiating WI for their VBAC when navigating the complex health system.