Measures of individual risk attitudes and portfolio choice: Evidence from pension participants

We use a large non-student sample to test how distinct measures of risk-attitudes relate to each other, to demographic characteristics and to real-life risk taking in the financial domain. These measures, namely the Bomb Risk Elicitation Task (BRET), self-reported willingness to take risks in general, the choice in a hypothetical lottery, the score in the Domain Specific Risk-Taking (DOSPERT) scale, appear to be positively correlated and exhibit a certain degree of consistency. Furthermore, a subset of these measures is driven by similar demographic characteristics as such that males are more risk seeking and risk-aversion increases with age. Using extensive data on the retirement portfolios of the participants during the years 2008–2014, we find that all of these measures are positively correlated with the riskiness of individual portfolios. The self-reported willingness to take risks in general appears to be the most relevant measure in predicting actual risk-taking behavior.     

Family size and optimal income taxation

This paper studies the role of family size in the design of optimal income taxation. We consider a second best setting where the government observes the number of children and the income of the parents but not their productivity. With a linear tax schedule the marginal tax rate is shown to decrease with the number of children, while the relationship between the demogrant and family size appears to be ambiguous. With two ability levels, optimal non-linear income tax implies zero marginal tax rates for the higher ability parents; low ability parents have positive marginal tax rates that decrease with family size. Received: 4 September 2000/Accepted: 17 May 2001     

个性写作:21世纪文学的期待

文学在沉寂与无奈中迈进了 2 1世纪。回眸 2 0世纪中国文学的两次创作高峰 ,反思 2 0世纪 90年代文学的喧嚣与冷落 ,作家只有创作出有自己个性的作品 ,才能在市场经济的文化氛围中 ,重新找回文学应有价值 ,获得审美的新生     

试论工科院校创新型人才培养的途径

从21世纪对创新型人才素质的需要出发,探讨了工科院校创新型人才培养的途径。强调应以更新传统教育观念,改革传统教育教学模式为根本,全面促进教育创新。应深入探索教学内容、教学方式和教学手段的改革,将新颖性、前沿性、综合性的教学内容引入课堂;应加速高校实验室的全面开放,以增加大学生参与科研实践的机会;通过开展大学生科技创新实践活动,创造有利于创新型人才培养的氛围;通过完善大学生的科技活动激励机制,以调动大学生主动进行科技探索和自觉培养创新意识的积极性。     

School-level policies and the efficiency and equity trade-off in education

This paper identifies the relationship between pupils’ Family Background, their mathematics scores, and school-level policies, using the 2012 Programme of International Student Assessment for Italy and multilevel modelling. School-level policies have played a leading role in recent school reforms in many countries, but there is no straightforward empirical evidence for how they affect pupils’ outcomes and the equality of educational outcomes. Our findings show that that only some school policies intensify the Family Background Effect – (educational equity) and affect student outcomes (educational efficiency) simultaneously. We find that competitive schools are able to screen students by selecting higher socio-economic status parents, which mainly harms equity without having much effect on efficiency. There are some policies which allow some trade-off between aforementioned objectives, mainly policies related to management schools.     

21世纪初国际运动心理学研究方法范式探微

从方法的科学性中寻求科学的方法进行研究是本文的主线,通过方法找准主题、又通过主题确定方法是本文的宗旨。收集世界范围内影响最广的4种运动心理学专业杂志2000~2004年发表的244篇论文,应用科学方法论对21世纪初国际运动心理学研究范式进行探微。结果表明:本世纪国际运动心理学仍侧重定量研究,客观研究较主观多,倾向描述性研究方法的运用。研究提示,当今国际运动心理学方法论仍以量化为主的研究范式、“质”的研究方法已经开始在国际运动心理学研究中拓展开来。运动心理学是一门综合性学科,是各种方法得以体现和运用的交叉地带。     

21世纪师德素质框架研究

《公民道德建设实施纲要》的颁布和21世纪时代的要求与上个世纪的变化,都对21世纪师德素质框架提出新的要求。21世纪师德素质应该突出以人为本的原则.所确立的师德素质框架,应包括思想品德、创新精神、健康心理、身体健康和环境教育等素质框架。     

21世纪的人文地理学

阐述了人文地理学的发展现状和面临的形势,对21世纪的人文地理学进行了展望。指出21世纪的人文地理学有14个显著特征,从而勾画了21世纪人文地理学的新框架。     

我国跨世纪人才培养的思考

本文从２１世纪的高度产业化与信息化、标准化与多样化并存和高度国际化的社会特征出发，指出培养跨世纪人才，必须优化高等教育，即高等教育思想、结构、课程、质量的优化；建立开放的、多样化的发展取向；同时需要全社会和国家配套的政策与法规的支持。     

21世纪的中国动画现状——从动画记录长片《蝉噪林愈静》谈起

本文试图通过主流商业动画(电视动画、影院动画长片)、非主流独立动画(独立艺术家、学院派)、动画研究与传播等领域的被采访者故事,还原一个真实的21世纪中国动画发展面貌。