农村妇女对子女的效用预期与其男孩偏好的关系

文章利用中国人民大学2010年相关调查数据从经济、照料和文化三个方面分析了我国农村地区妇女对孩子未来效用的总体预期和分性别预期,以及这种预期效用的性别差异与人们的强性别偏好之间的关系,并得出以下结论:随着经济社会的发展和人口流动的频繁,人们目前对子代的养老效用预期在经济和居住方面已经很低,但在生病照料和赡养、传宗接代方面期望依然很高;人们对男孩和女孩的预期各有侧重,依然体现了传统的"男主外,女主内"的性别认知;人们对孩子效用预期的性别差异与人们的性别偏好呈显著正相关,尤其体现在老年照料、赡养责任和传宗接代等方面,代际经济支持已经不再是影响人们男孩偏好的重要原因。     

A statistical analysis of the screening measure of multiple recursive random number generators of orders one and two

This paper presents the results of a comprehensive empirical analysis of the screening measure of multiple recursive generators (MRGs) of orders one and two. Two kinds of screening measures are distinguished: spectral test and lattice test. With regard to these screening measures, two exhaustive searches of the twenty best MRGs of orders one and two are conducted. Some empirical comparisons reveal that the screening procedure with maximum spectral value criterion is preferred in terms of efficiency and thus, is a good way of obtaining ideal MRGs of higher orders. Several extensively tested second-order MRGs are also presented and are therefore recommended.     

中国基本医疗保险促进消费的经济学分析

针对当前中国消费对经济增长贡献严重不足的现状,在借鉴国内外相关研究成果的基础上,采用消费储蓄生命周期假设和效用贴现模型,从经济学角度分析了中国医疗保险与消费之间的互动关系。提出扩大医疗保险覆盖人群,提高医疗保障的质量等有效地促进消费的建议。研究表明:社会医疗保险对拉动中国消费增长具有的积极作用。     

我国官员财产申报行为机制研究——基于期望效用函数视角

文章从梳理我国国家层面对官员财产申报的规定和部分地方政府的实践探索出发,提出了未来完善财产申报制度需要解决的三大问题。通过对官员在现有财产申报制度下的行为选择构建期望效用函数,即申报真实性选择、真实性投票检测、赦免政策下行为和审查部门跟踪调查四种行为的期望效用函数分析,推导出官员在我国现有财产申报制度下最大化自身利益的行为策略。并基于期望效用函数的结论,提出制度推行时机在增大腐败惩治概率后方为成熟、面向社会公开财产申报结果、由纪检部门受理审查申报结果和加大违反财产申报规定处罚力度等财产申报制度的完善策略。     

外出务工农民回乡创业的个人效用分析

通过分析6种效用因素给外出务工农民创业带来的影响,并通过对江西省万年县和兴国县进行实地调研,阐明各种效用因素产生的作用。对鼓励地方政府及时调整政策视角、构建有利的政策来激励农民工回乡创业,以促进区域经济的发展有重要的现实意义。     

Hypothesis group testing for disjoint pairs

Classical group testing (CGT) is a widely applicable biotechnical technique used to identify a small number of distinguished objects from a population when the presence of any one of these distinguished objects among a group of others produces an observable result. This paper discusses a variant of CGT called group testing for disjoint pairs (GTAP). The difference between the two is that in GTDP, the distinguished items are pairs from, not individual objects in, the population. There are several biological examples of when this abstract model applies. One biological example is DNA hybridization. The presence of pairs of hybridized DNA strands can be detected in a pool of DNA strands. Another situation is the detection of binding interactions between prey and bait proteins. This paper gives a random pooling method, similar in spirit to hypothesis testing, which identifies pairs of objects from a population that collectively have an observable function. This method is simply to apply, achieves good results, is amenable to automation and can be easily modified to compensate for testing errors. M.A. Bishop is supported by AFOSR FA8750-06-C-0007. A.J. Macula is supported by NSF-0436298, AFOSR FA8750-06-C-0007.     

Estimation for the censored partially linear quantile regression models

In this article, we develop estimation procedures for partially linear quantile regression models, where some of the responses are censored by another random variable. The nonparametric function is estimated by basis function approximations. The estimation procedure is easy to implement through existing weighted quantile regression, and it requires no specification of the error distributions. We show the large-sample properties of the resulting estimates, the proposed estimator of the regression parameter is root-n consistent and asymptotically normal and the estimator of the functional component achieves the optimal convergence rate of the nonparametric function. The proposed method is studied via simulations and illustrated with the analysis of a primary biliary cirrhosis (BPC) data.     

A bivariate distribution with Lomax and geometric margins

We develop a stochastic model describing the joint distribution of $(X,N)$, where $N$ has a geometric distribution while $X$ is the sum of $N$ dependent, heavy-tail Pareto components. Models of this form arise in many applications, ranging from hydro-climatology to finance and insurance. We present fundamental properties of this vector, including marginal and conditional distributions, moments, representations, and parameter estimation. We also include an example from finance, illustrating modeling potential of this new bivariate distribution.     

Optimal consumption and portfolio selection with negative wealth constraints,subsistence consumption constraints,and CARA utility

We consider the optimal consumption and portfolio selection problem with constant absolute risk aversion (CARA) utility. The economic agent in this model receives constant labor income, and her economic behavior is restricted on consumption and wealth, which are called the subsistence consumption constraint and the negative wealth constraint. We use the convex duality method to derive the value function and the optimal policies in closed-form solutions. Also we illustrate some numerical examples.