鲍德里亚后马克思探索的逻辑起点:对功能体系中物的追问

《物体系》是鲍德里亚正式发表的第一部著作。在对功能体系之物的追问中,鲍德里亚杂糅了列斐伏尔、海德格尔、莫斯、巴特等人的理论资源,并进行了独创性的分析。在鲍德里亚对物的分析与海德格尔对物的追问之间存在细微的差别。这种差别根源于鲍德里亚用以批判物体系的意识形态的理论支点——象征交换体系,这也是他后马克思式探索的逻辑起点。     

基于云服务的考虑预期调配的应急物资储备策略

储备应急物资是应对突发灾害的有效手段之一。为了满足以人为本、维护稳定和统筹协调的物资储备原则，在储备不足情况下，利用云服务模式统一调配物资。根据应急系统内各储备点的人口覆盖比例和物资预期需求量，以物资储备的公平效用和预期调配成本为目标，构建基于云服务的考虑预期调配的应急物资储备模型，并设计改进的非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-II）对模型求解。应用该模型对我国应急物资储备系统进行优化配置，确定不同偏好下各储备点的物资配置量。对物资储备总量进行了灵敏度分析，结果表明：物资的购置成本和单位重量是储备总量影响总支出和预期调配成本的决定因素；储备总量的增加会降低预期调配成本，且当购置成本的增加量小于预期调配成本的减少量时，总支出会随着储备总量的增加而减少，直到减少的总支出达到最大值时，得到储备总量的最优值。     

利用RDU评价车牌拍卖和年费方式的支付意愿

城市私车牌照拍卖被认为是控制私车拥有量的有效手段,对此将购车人分为三类,采用依序效用函数和概率权重函数分别讨论了观望效用为常数和变量时本地和外地车牌之间的依赖关系以及买家的支付意愿,从而不仅显示了观望效用对支付意愿的影响,而且也证明了概率权重函数的弹性系数对判断车牌选择倾向、刻画支付意愿大小和区分买家类型都具有重要作用。此外还就新提出的车牌限制措施-年费制度潜在的实施效果进行了分析,说明该制度将导致外地车牌对使用成本的变动更加敏感,而且长期来说也难以为继。     

Improving the Numerical Performance of Static and Dynamic Aggregate Discrete Choice Random Coefficients Demand Estimation

The widely used estimator of Berry, Levinsohn, and Pakes (1995) produces estimates of consumer preferences from a discrete‐choice demand model with random coefficients, market‐level demand shocks, and endogenous prices. We derive numerical theory results characterizing the properties of the nested fixed point algorithm used to evaluate the objective function of BLP's estimator. We discuss problems with typical implementations, including cases that can lead to incorrect parameter estimates. As a solution, we recast estimation as a mathematical program with equilibrium constraints, which can be faster and which avoids the numerical issues associated with nested inner loops. The advantages are even more pronounced for forward‐looking demand models where the Bellman equation must also be solved repeatedly. Several Monte Carlo and real‐data experiments support our numerical concerns about the nested fixed point approach and the advantages of constrained optimization. For static BLP, the constrained optimization approach can be as much as ten to forty times faster for large‐dimensional problems with many markets.     

Who needs RDD? Combining directory listings with cell phone exchanges for an alternative telephone sampling frame

The traditional Random Digit Dialing method (list-assisted RDD using a frame of landline phone numbers) is clearly under threat. The difficulty and costs of completing telephone surveys have increased due to rising rates of refusal and non-contact. The completeness of coverage of list-assisted RDD samples has diminished due to the proliferation of cell-phone only households. The ability of list-assisted RDD to capture young, mobile, unmarried, and minority households is thus diminishing as well. Increasingly, survey researchers have been adding a cell phone component to their sampling frames for telephone surveys, despite the increased costs and other issues associated with RDD calling of cell phones.Recent research by Guterbock, Oldendick, and others has explored the extent to which “electronic white pages” (EWP) samples really differ from RDD samples. Oldendick et al. and Guterbock, Diop and Holian have emphasized that minority households are seriously underrepresented in EWP samples. Nevertheless, EWP samples have distinct advantages whenever a survey is aimed at a restricted geographic area.This paper considers the feasibility of combining EWP samples with cell-phone RDD, eliminating the ordinary RDD component from the sampling frame. We analyze the components of the telephone population, showing that the proposed method would fail to cover only one segment of the telephone population: unlisted landline households that have no cell phone. We analyze data from the 2006 National Health Interview Study to estimate the size of this segment, its demographic profile, the degree to which selected demographic and health behavior characteristics are different from those in the segments that this sampling strategy would capture, and what biases are present in the various sampling frames of interest. Trend data from the NHIS are used to assess how these biases are changing. A simple cost comparison is made among the RDD, RDD + cell and EWP + cell frames. The proposed alternative “EWP + cell” sampling frame provides relatively small bias compared to RDD + cell at costs comparable to RDD-only designs. The portion of the telephone universe that is excluded in the EWP + cell design is getting smaller all the time, therefore its bias relative to the RDD + cell design is decreasing over time. Overall, the EWP + cell design seems to be a useful alternative.     

巴金与现代人学--《随想录》新论

巴金创作始终探索的是"怎样做人"的大问题,<随想录>更是以"人"为中心,既通过反思"文革"呼喊人的尊严与权利,又通过自审自剖宣示"独立思考"、"敢讲真话"对于避免"文革"重演、堂堂正正"做人"具有现实意义.继续"大反封建"、"为理想献身",以及"艺术的最高境界是无技巧"等主张,都是巴金百年人生经验的科学总结,为丰富现代人学做出了重要贡献.     

论中国古代文论诗性与功利性的契合

形态的诗性化与内涵的功利主义相结合是中国古代文论鲜明的民族特色。本文以人类原始思维和中国传统哲学建构为切入点,从自然审美与伦理判断的先天亲和性、人类早期艺术的功利主义本质、轴心时代诗性传统在中国文化中的保留、中国传统文化用事与审美的统一等层次来寻找古代文论诗性与功利性相契合之民族特色的心理和历史渊源。     

军工高校教育成本分担与资源利用效益问题的探讨

通过对高校教育成本现状与实施教育成本分担的可行性分析,提出应按照市场机制成本分担理论,对高等教育培养成本尽快建立由国家、学校、学生家长和学生共同承担的合理分担制度。按照受益付费的原则,准确测算教育成本的数额,根据国家有关政策,确立政府、企业、个人共同分担的教育资源配置机制。建立高校资源利用效率评价指标体系,合理配置学校资源,提高办学质量和办学效益,使现有的人力、财力、物力得到充分的合理利用。     

西部开发中高新技术产业的效用及其法律规制

通过对国外和西部高新技术产业发展现状的分析,指出了制约西部高新技术产业发展的诸因素,论证了西部高新技术产业发展的政策倾斜和体制创新问题,认为应从健全机制和法律规范入手。     

航空产品研制阶段的技术性能风险研究

航空型号产品在其研制过程中面临着许多风险。为了控制航空产品在研制阶段的技术性能风险,应从客户效用角度,根据航空型号产品的研发特点进行技术性能风险项辨识、风险估计、风险评价和风险降低。