2006年11月份全国主要冶金产品产量统计

介绍了我校动物医学专业兽医临床实验课程改革的基本指导思想,分析了在实践教学中存在的主要问题和成因,对临床课程实践教学进行了改革与探索。改革结果表明;完善了实践教学方案,建立了新型的实践教学考评体系,使学生的动手能力、创新能力均得以提高。     

Physician duties in the conduct of human subject research

In this article, I examine a skeptical argument against the possibility of ethically justifying risky human subject research (rHSR). That argument asserts that such research is unethical because it holds the possibility of wronging subjects who are harmed and whose consent to participate was less than fully voluntary. I conclude that the skeptical argument is not in the end sufficient to undermine the ethical foundation of rHSR because it fails to take account of the special positive duty researchers owe their clients and future patients. Although the skeptical argument is defeated, it exacts certain novel concessions from the pro‐research position. Of particular importance are the admissions (a) that researchers presumptively owe a fiduciary duty to research subjects, (b) that because the most important risks of rHSR are unknown and unquantifiable that duty must be explicitly waived by all subjects before they participate in any protocol, and (c) that such waivers must be made by individuals who satisfy objective criteria of competence for giving fully voluntary consent. The implementation of procedures responsive to these concerns might have a dampening effect on the conduct of research. However, the article concludes with a consideration of the likely benefits to researchers and society of a more cautious ethical regime.     

Ethics of research design

Discussions of ethical issues in research involving human subjects most usually provoke concerns about valid informed consent procedures. However, considering the recognized limitations of informed consent, arguably the way a study is designed is a more consequential concern for subject well‐being. This paper summarizes ethical issues in the design of clinical research, with reference to historic and current guidelines. Special attention is given to randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and psychiatric research.     

The Devil is in the Detail: Clinicians,Academics and Researchers Resolving the Problems of Clinical Research

The difficulties associated with conducting valid family therapy research within a clinical practice discourage many potential researchers. This article will describe collaboration between a group of academics, researchers and clinicians who decided to explore the process and efficacy of systemic family therapy conducted within a working private practice. The specific questions we are addressing are, whether the requests clients bring to their first session of therapy can be reliably classified by practitioners, whether these requests change over time, and whether the nature of the request is associated with therapist and client ratings of therapeutic outcome. Additional questions about the form and nature of the therapeutic alliance as experienced by both client and practitioner are also being explored. This paper will map the passage of the work from inception to its current state where over 140 clients are active participants. In doing so attention will be paid to the obstacles encountered: practical, financial and ethical, and the solutions devised to address these.     

并购绩效的经验研究方法

结合典型的并购经验研究的方法和结果,比较了并购绩效经验研究中经常使用的长期绩效研究法、事件研究法、诊断研究法和调查法等4种方法各自的含义与特点,同时考察了国外及国内并购经验研究对4种方法的运用情况,提出了在我国目前条件下适宜的研究方法的建议。     

An Asymptotic Analysis of the Logrank Test

Asymptotic expansions for the null distribution of the logrank statistic and its distribution under local proportional hazards alternatives are developed in the case of iid observations. The results, which are derived from the work of Gu (1992) and Taniguchi (1992), are easy to interpret, and provide some theoretical justification for many behavioral characteristics of the logrank test that have been previously observed in simulation studies. We focus primarily upon (i) the inadequacy of the usual normal approximation under treatment group imbalance; and, (ii) the effects of treatment group imbalance on power and sample size calculations. A simple transformation of the logrank statistic is also derived based on results in Konishi (1991) and is found to substantially improve the standard normal approximation to its distribution under the null hypothesis of no survival difference when there is treatment group imbalance. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

诊所法律教育:我国法学实验教学的新领域

诊所法律教育是许多国家和地区所广泛采用的法律实践性教育模式.诊所法律教育在教学活动主体、教学内容等方面具有鲜明的特色.诊所法律教育在2000年被正式引入我国法律教育体系,并逐渐成为我国法学实验教学的重要领域之一.     

盐酸多奈哌齐治疗血管性痴呆的临床疗效观察

目的观察盐酸多奈哌齐治疗血管性痴呆的疗效。方法102例血管性痴呆患者随机分为2组，治疗组51例，在常规治疗的基础上给予盐酸多奈哌齐5mg，每日1次；对照组54例，给予常规治疗，两组患者疗程均为12周，观察治疗前后认知功能（MMSE、HDS）及日常生活自理能力（ADL）的改善程度。结果治疗12周时，治疗组MMSE、HDS及ADL评分明显改善，较对照组有显著性差异（P〈0．05），自身对照结果显示，盐酸多奈哌齐治疗12周，治疗后MMSE、HDS及ADL评分较治疗前改善（P〈0．01），在治疗4周时，MMSE、HDS及ADL评分已有提高。结论盐酸多奈哌齐治疗血管性痴呆疗效确切，对患者认知功能及日常生活能力均为改善，无明显副作用，值得临床推广。     

EEFSEC基因、染色体17q24和染色体11q13.2基因变异与前列腺癌的关联研究

目的探索EEFSEC基因(rs10934853,A)、染色体17q24区(rs1859962,T)和染色体11q13.2(rs7931342,T)的基因变异类型与前列腺癌患病发病风险的关联,分析这些基因型与前列腺癌患者临床特征的关系。方法采用病例对照研究设计,比较病例组中124例患者和对照组中138例正常对照者的EEFSEC基因(rs10934853,A)、染色体17q24区(rs1859962,T)和染色体11q13.2(rs7931342,T)等位基因和基因型频率的差异,并探讨各基因变异与患者的确诊年龄,BMI,Gleason评分,PSA浓度,肿瘤分期等临床特征之间的关联。结果 EEFSEC基因(rs10934853,A)、染色体17q24区(rs1859962,T)和染色体11q13.2(rs7931342,T)的基因型和等位基因在病例组和对照组中的频率分布差异均无统计学意义(P0.05),然而,EEFSEC基因(rs10934853,A)和染色体17q24区(rs1859962,T)存在更强的基因-基因协同的交互作用(P=0.0396,OR=1.722,95%CI=1.0244~2.8944);病例组基因型-表型观察指标关联分析表明,3个SNPs与PCa患者的年龄、Gleason评分、PSA浓度及烟酒均无关联(P0.05),然而,染色体17q24区(rs1859962,T)位点与食用蛋类有关(P=0.005)。结论 EEFSEC基因(rs10934853,A),17q24(rs1859962,T)和11q13.2(rs7931342,T)位点可能与我国北方人群前列腺癌的发病风险无关联,但是存在有基因之间增加PCa发病风险的协同效应。     

论庭审“合作”——基于语用学视角

庭审是一种高度程序化、机构化的活动,庭审的各个参与主体都有明确的角色定位与权力认知,其间又存在复杂的目的关系。尽管庭审中充斥着各种各样的不遵守合作原则的情况,表现出明显的不合作现象,但是,掌控话语权的法官、公诉人和律师等会利用自己的权力,使用各种策略和手段来迫使当事人合作,使庭审重新回到正常轨道,从而在宏观层面实现庭审的合作。