非退化扩散过程极性的充分条件

讨论了多维非退化扩散过程样本轨道的性质,得到了其极性的充分条件     

政府绩效评估指标体系三维立体逻辑框架的结构与运用研究

政府绩效评估指标体系设计不是若干指标的随意堆砌或简单罗列.基于绩效维度、层级特征、样本属性三维构建了一个政府绩效评估指标体系设计立体逻辑框架.通过对湖南省政府绩效评估指标体系的实际运用,发现该框架能针对样本政府的实际情况与层级特征,设计出一套科学、合理的评估指标体系.同时,"原语合成法"、信度效度测量和科学的指标设计流程在政府绩效评估指标体系三维立体逻辑框架的运用中发挥着重要的作用.     

数据挖掘中关联规则的规范化描述

一、引言数据挖掘(Data Mining)是近年来随着人工智能和数据库技术的发展而出现的一门新兴学科。它是从大量的数据中筛选出隐含的、可信的、新颖的、有效的信息的高级处理过程。关联规则(Association Rule)是其中重要的研究课题,是数据挖掘的主要技术之一,也是在无指导学习系统     

The Equivalence of Neyman Optimum Allocation for Sampling and Equal Proportions for Apportioning the U.S. House of Representatives

We present a surprising though obvious result that seems to have been unnoticed until now. In particular, we demonstrate the equivalence of two well-known problems—the optimal allocation of the fixed overall sample size n among L strata under stratified random sampling and the optimal allocation of the H = 435 seats among the 50 states for apportionment of the U.S. House of Representatives following each decennial census. In spite of the strong similarity manifest in the statements of the two problems, they have not been linked and they have well-known but different solutions; one solution is not explicitly exact (Neyman allocation), and the other (equal proportions) is exact. We give explicit exact solutions for both and note that the solutions are equivalent. In fact, we conclude by showing that both problems are special cases of a general problem. The result is significant for stratified random sampling in that it explicitly shows how to minimize sampling error when estimating a total T_Y while keeping the final overall sample size fixed at n; this is usually not the case in practice with Neyman allocation where the resulting final overall sample size might be near n + L after rounding. An example reveals that controlled rounding with Neyman allocation does not always lead to the optimum allocation, that is, an allocation that minimizes variance.     

A new stratified three-stage unrelated randomized response model for estimating a rare sensitive attribute based on the Poisson distribution

This article suggests an efficient method of estimating a rare sensitive attribute which is assumed following Poisson distribution by using three-stage unrelated randomized response model instead of the Land et al. model (2011 Land, M., S. Singh, and S. A. Sedory. 2011. Estimation of a rare sensitive attribute using poisson distribution. Statistics 46 (3):351–60. doi:10.1080/02331888.2010.524300.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]) when the population consists of some different sized clusters and clusters selected by probability proportional to size(:pps) sampling. A rare sensitive parameter is estimated by using pps sampling and equal probability two-stage sampling when the parameter of a rare unrelated attribute is assumed to be known and unknown.

We extend this method to the case of stratified population by applying stratified pps sampling and stratified equal probability two-stage sampling. An empirical study is carried out to show the efficiency of the two proposed methods when the parameter of a rare unrelated attribute is assumed to be known and unknown.     

An Integrated Risk Assessment Model of Township‐Scaled Land Subsidence Based on an Evidential Reasoning Algorithm and Fuzzy Set Theory

Land subsidence risk assessment (LSRA) is a multi‐attribute decision analysis (MADA) problem and is often characterized by both quantitative and qualitative attributes with various types of uncertainty. Therefore, the problem needs to be modeled and analyzed using methods that can handle uncertainty. In this article, we propose an integrated assessment model based on the evidential reasoning (ER) algorithm and fuzzy set theory. The assessment model is structured as a hierarchical framework that regards land subsidence risk as a composite of two key factors: hazard and vulnerability. These factors can be described by a set of basic indicators defined by assessment grades with attributes for transforming both numerical data and subjective judgments into a belief structure. The factor‐level attributes of hazard and vulnerability are combined using the ER algorithm, which is based on the information from a belief structure calculated by the Dempster‐Shafer (D‐S) theory, and a distributed fuzzy belief structure calculated by fuzzy set theory. The results from the combined algorithms yield distributed assessment grade matrices. The application of the model to the Xixi‐Chengnan area, China, illustrates its usefulness and validity for LSRA. The model utilizes a combination of all types of evidence, including all assessment information—quantitative or qualitative, complete or incomplete, and precise or imprecise—to provide assessment grades that define risk assessment on the basis of hazard and vulnerability. The results will enable risk managers to apply different risk prevention measures and mitigation planning based on the calculated risk states.     

关于三分Cantor集的结构的一些新结论

旨在采用代数的方法来研究三分Cantor集的结构特点。主要结果除了给出三分Cantor集的代数构造外还定义了仿四进位；结合代数构造、拓扑构造以及仿四进位分别给出并证明了三分Cantor集及其余集的结构公式，从而改进了已有的结论。     

“邦达昌”在康定设立商号后的第二次复兴

十三世达赖喇嘛时期,"邦达昌"是较早开始经营中国西藏与英印贸易的藏族大商家之一,西藏地方政府把出口英印的西藏羊毛列为专卖商品,"邦达昌"家族成为当时西藏地方政府经营羊毛的代理商。十三世达赖喇嘛圆寂后,"邦达昌"开始转向中国内地与西藏之间的贸易,并于1940年由邦达.多吉在康定设立了"邦达昌"商号,原来的中国西藏与英印贸易扩大到中国西藏、内地、英印三地,使"邦达昌"的经营规模比原来大了很多。而且,最重要的是"邦达昌"为汉、藏之间建立起良好的经济联系,从而促使汉、藏之间政治、文化关系的进一步发展并充当战略性先导,在客观上为后来顺利和平解放西藏作出了巨大贡献。因此,此段历史对于"邦达昌"来讲是第二次复兴。