论企业效率的理论发展

企业的存在以效率为前提,古典经济学对企业生产的解释始终贯穿着效率思想;在新古典经济理论中,企业被抽象为生产函数,为企业效率的考察提供了很大便利,但它以企业技术与制度因素的"固化"为前提;新制度经济学在企业效率的制度方面作了精辟论述,使对企业效率的认识更加完整和深入.     

Who Holds the Stakes? A Case Study of Stakeholder Identification at Two Nuclear Weapons Production Sites

Traditional risk assessments, including those involving the United States Department of Energy (USDOE), are often criticized for producing useless or noncredible management responses because they did not meaningfully involve the public. The first step to involve the public is to identify appropriate active participants (stakeholders). This study was done to understand the processes used to identify stakeholders to serve on advisory boards established at the two largest remediation sites in the United States: the Hanford Nuclear Reservation in Washington state and the Savannah River Site in South Carolina. The Hanford stakeholder identification process produced an interest-based board whereas the Savannah River Site strategy produced population-based representation. The basic goals of the stakeholder advisory groups were similar. However, different processes were used to identify the participants for the groups in part because of distinctly different social and cultural conditions in the areas affected by the operations of the two facilities, and in part because of the different level of trust of the USDOE and their contractors at Hanford compared with Savannah River. The discussion analyzes their different needs and potential for successful citizen participation.     

Synergy from configuration of global production networks: drivers,mechanisms, and outcomes

Abstract

This paper explores the network synergies available from the configuration of highly dispersed, global production networks (GPNs). Synergy theory from the literature on intra-firm and inter-firm GPNs is examined in terms of drivers, mechanisms and outcomes. An explanatory model is developed and enriched via a series of extended case studies of firms undertaking re-configuration of their GPNs during the period 2003–2014. The primary finding is that firms create synergy in their GPNs by selecting specific configuration mechanisms, in response to a certain set of external drivers, in order to achieve certain synergistic outcomes. The paper classifies the main types of drivers, mechanisms and outcomes in terms of key variables and discusses their inter-connections and relationships.     

论区域的技术创新型模式及其创新网络——以北京中关村地区为例

:在经济全球化和新技术革命背景下 ,区域竞争优势的获得和保持 ,关键依靠区域持续不断的创新能力。技术创新型模式 ,则是许多技术型区域发展中所选择的一种成功模式。而在区域技术创新过程中 ,区域创新网络的构建对创新活动发生的作用尤为重要。北京中关村地区发展之路 ,是区域技术创新型模式的发展典型实例     

China’s GDP: Examining provincial disparities (1952–1998)

Accompanying rapid economic growth in China, there have been provincial disparities. This article presents and analyzes the evolution of Chinas provincial GDP per capita disparity between 1952 and 1998. First, an examination of some basic indicators of disparity is carried out, and a test for unconditional convergence is performed to explore the dispersion features. Then, a more comprehensive regression analysis, allowing insights into the evidence of conditional convergence and highlighting the main determinants of growth in two main periods of the recent history of China (i.e., prereform and postreform) is presented. Finally, a discussion and conclusion are provided.     

贪污罪赃款去向的举证责任——论中国法律应确立被告人举证责任

贪污罪被告人将赃款去向辩解为用于公务,导致司法机关无法处理,其原因在于现行对举证责任的规定有其不合理性.国外多见对被告人举证责任的规定,这不但不违反无罪推定原则,反而能更好地实现公正和效率,且具有可行性.中国也应建立被告人举证责任制度,在某些情况下由被告人对自己的主张承担举证责任.比如在行为人将赃款去向辩解为用于公务的场合,对"用于公务"的举证由被告人来完成.如果不能完成,就视为贪污罪成立.     

劳动和劳动价值理论的探析与创新

劳动价值理论研究是现实赋予的重要课题。为了从理论上深化对社会主义劳动和劳动价值论的研究和认识 ,我们必须把创造价值的劳动与社会必要劳动区别开 ,把社会财富生产与价值财富生产区别开 ,把价值源泉同生产要素重要区别开 ,把价值创造同收入分配区别开 ,把决定价值的依据同生产要素分配依据区别开。只有这样 ,才能为推动和充实劳动价值理论提供研究框架 ,寻找劳动价值理论研究的切入点和理论发展的方向     

党的三代领导集体关于民族与国家安全问题的论述

中国共产党自从成立以来就非常重视民族问题,尤其是重视解决民族与国家安全问题。本文从以毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民为核心的三代领导集体关于“民族与国家安全问题”的论述出发,总结了建国以来我党在处理这一问题中的决策、理论和成功的经验．     

“按劳分配”评议

马克思关于未来共产主义社会初级阶段实行按劳分配原则的设想有其特定的前提和内涵;至今没有哪个国家具备这种前提条件;我国至今实行的按劳分配实际上不是也不可能是马克思设想的那种原则;应当从我国正在进行的社会主义市场经济改革和社会经济发展的实际水平出发来确定正确的分配原则。     

作为"制作"的通俗文学生产 --一种批判性考察

如果纯文学生产是以独创性为特征的"创作",那么通俗文学生产则是以标准化为特征的"制作"。通俗文学生产是一种为市场消费而进行的生产,受到商品交换逻辑的支配,受到现代社会的大众群体需求的制约,这是导致通俗文学生产成为"制作"的原因。通俗文学生产的特征为计划性、标准化、复制性。