Estimation under inverse Weibull distribution based on Balakrishnan’s unified hybrid censored scheme

In this article, point and interval estimations of the parameters α and β of the inverse Weibull distribution (IWD) have been studied based on Balakrishnan’s unified hybrid censoring scheme (UHCS), see Balakrishnan et al. In point estimation, the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayes (B) methods have been used. The Bayes estimates have been computed based on squared error loss (SEL) function and Linex loss function and using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm. In interval estimation, a (1 ? τ) × 100% approximate, bootstrap-p, credible and highest posterior density (HPD) confidence intervals (CI′s) for the parameters α and β have been introduced. Based on Monte Carlo simulation, Bayes estimates have been compared with their corresponding maximum likelihood estimates by computing the mean squared errors (MSE′s) of all estimators. Finally, point and interval estimations of all parameters have been studied based on a real data set as an illustrative example.     

Progressively Type-I interval censored competing risks data for the proportional hazards family

In this article, we consider some problems of estimation and prediction when progressive Type-I interval censored competing risks data are from the proportional hazards family. The maximum likelihood estimators of the unknown parameters are obtained. Based on gamma priors, the Lindely's approximation and importance sampling methods are applied to obtain Bayesian estimators under squared error and linear–exponential loss functions. Several classical and Bayesian point predictors of censored units are provided. Also, based on given producer's and consumer's risks accepting sampling plans are considered. Finally, the simulation study is given by Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the performances of the different methods.     

Using the predictive distribution to determine control limits for the Bayesian MEWMA chart

Bayesian control charts have been proposed for monitoring multivariate processes with the multivariate exponentially weighted moving average (MEWMA) statistic. It has been suggested that we use limits based on the predictive distribution of the MEWMA statistic. This analysis, however is based on the erroneous result that the average run length (ARL) is a function of the exceedance probability, that is, the probability that the first point exceeds the control limit. We show how this result can be corrected and we discuss how the Bayesian MEWMA chart with limits based on the predictive distribution compares with other multivariate control chart procedures.     

Analysis of Gamma and Weibull lifetime data under a general censoring scheme and in the presence of covariates

We consider the problem of estimating the lifetime distributions of survival times subject to a general censoring scheme called “middle censoring”. The lifetimes are assumed to follow a parametric family of distributions, such as the Gamma or Weibull distributions, and is applied to cases when the lifetimes come with covariates affecting them. For any individual in the sample, there is an independent, random, censoring interval. We will observe the actual lifetime if the lifetime falls outside of this censoring interval, otherwise we only observe the interval of censoring. This censoring mechanism, which includes both right- and left-censoring, has been called “middle censoring” (see Jammalamadaka and Mangalam, 2003 Jammalamadaka, S. Rao, Mangalam, V. (2003). Nonparametric estimation for middle censored data. J. Nonparamet. Stat. 15(2):253–265.[Taylor &; Francis Online], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). Maximum-likelihood estimation of the parameters as well as their large-sample properties are studied under this censoring scheme, including the case when covariates are available. We conclude with an application to a dataset from Environmental Economics dealing with ContingentValuation of natural resources.     

Discussion on the common threshold of several exponential distributions with different rates

The integration of results of independent studies in order to make inferences about a common threshold is an important problem with many practical applications. In this article, we apply the generalized variable method to make inferences on the common threshold of several exponential distributions when the scale (or rate) parameters are unknown and unequal. The merits of the proposed method are computed numerically and compared with other existing methods. Numerical results of both simulation studies and real data analyses show that the proposed method is applicable and its performance is better than other methods even when sample sizes are small.     

The signalling role of over-education and qualifications mismatch

Over-education may arise from the voluntary decisions of individuals to acquire more qualifications than those required in the workplace, such that over-education may have a signaling role that allows workers to compensate for the lack of certain other skills, or to gain access to the labor market. This paper analyses the signaling role of over-education in Spain, a country characterised by a strongly-segmented labor market with high unemployment levels, and a large number of over-educated. Using micro data for a representative sample of Spanish workers, three different methods are applied to provide evidence that educational mismatch plays a clear signaling role. Policy implications are derived to alleviate inefficiencies in the allocation of educational resources and in the incentives of workers to use over-education as a signal.     

政府职能定位与国有企业改革

在社会主义市场经济条件下 ,政府是无法同时胜任弥补市场缺陷职能和国有资产所有者代表职能的 ,合理的选择是把国有资产所有者代表职能交由全国人大派出的、与政府独立的“国资委”承担。据此 ,社会主义市场经济条件下的国有企业可以分为由政府以弥补市场缺陷为目的举办的国有企业Ⅰ和由“国资委”以实现国有资产保值增值为目的举办的国有企业Ⅱ两种类型。国有企业改革拟走国有企业Ⅰ和国有企业Ⅱ分开的路子     

构建有中国特色的违宪审查制度的法律思考

在我国宪法中并无明确规定监督宪法实施的制度－－违宪审查制度，故为保障及维护宪法的最高权威性，制定一部专门的宪法监督法，从法律上明确规定我国违宪审查制度的各项内容，包括违宪审查的对象，违宪审查的主体及其活动程序，违宪审查的方式，违宪审查的效力及责任承担方式，使违宪审查具体化、规范化、制度化。     

郁达夫与俄国文学

郁达夫与外国文学的接触 ,是从阅读俄国文学作品开始的。在郁达夫欣赏和喜爱的 19世纪俄国作家中 ,最得郁达夫的偏爱并且在创作上对郁达夫影响最大的是屠格涅夫和陀斯妥耶夫斯基。屠格涅夫不仅是郁达夫文学创作上的启蒙导师 ,而且他在多余人形象的塑造以及抒情气氛的营造等方面都对郁达夫产生了巨大影响。陀斯妥耶夫斯基则以其对描写人类痛苦的偏爱和对病态人格的刻画对郁达夫构成了有力的启示。     

汉语的句法语义特征和语言逻辑研究

汉语句子具有灵活的语序 ,主语、宾语和状语可出现在不同的位置上而使得句义大致保持不变。从范畴类型逻辑角度看 ,需要提供说明汉语灵活语序的工具。因此 ,给出关于范畴位置移动的结构公设 ,构成特定的范畴类型逻辑系统 ,即多样模态逻辑 ,并给该系统的可能世界语义学的可通达关系确立相应的限制条件。其次 ,为说明汉语语义异常句的合理性 ,提出一种多体的范畴类型逻辑 ,构建有关的结构公设 ,通过相关正常语义句的推导来证明异常句的成立。此外 ,为强调句子生成过程中各种词类的搭配限制 ,从而生成合符直观和认知的句子 ,设想用类型 -逻辑语义加特征结构的并行推演来解决这个问题 ,为汉语句法和语义生成的计算机实现提供理论依据