桥梁横向地震碰撞响应研究进展

在强震作用下，桥梁上、下部结构由于动力特性的不同而发生不同相振动，从而引起梁体与挡块间的非线性碰撞。汶川大地震中，大量公路桥梁遭到严重破坏，横向抗震挡块破坏尤其严重，其中部分是由于横向碰撞而引起。针对这种碰撞现象，对正交简支梁桥、连续梁桥、斜交桥及高速铁路桥梁的横向碰撞反应进行了回顾和总结，并介绍了横桥向防撞措施及震后加固技术的研究现状，同时指出目前我国在这方面亟需解决的问题和进一步研究的方向。     

Bias of maximum likelihood estimators of the response standard deviation in regression

The bias of maximum likelihood estimators of the standard deviation of the response in location/scale regression models is considered. Results are obtained for a very wide family of densities for the response variable. These are used to propose point estimators with improved mean square error properties and to demonstrate the importance of bias correction in statistical inference when samples are moderately small.     

A nonlinear mixed-effects model for multivariate longitudinal data with partially observed outcomes with application to HIV disease dynamics

The measurable multiple bio-markers for a disease are used as indicators for studying the response variable of interest in order to monitor and model disease progression. However, it is common for subjects to drop out of the studies prematurely resulting in unbalanced data and hence complicating the inferences involving such data. In this paper we consider a case where data are unbalanced among subjects and also within a subject because for some reason only a subset of the multiple outcomes of the response variable are observed at any one occasion. We propose a nonlinear mixed-effects model for the multivariate response variable data and derive a joint likelihood function that takes into account the partial dropout of the outcomes of the response variable. We further show how the methodology can be used in the estimation of the parameters that characterise HIV disease dynamics. An approximation technique of the parameters is also given and illustrated using a routine observational HIV dataset.     

A study on the role of interviewer in surveys

Non-sampling errors have many different sources, can occur at different stages of the survey and are a result of error contributions of different personnel or agencies Involved in executing the survey. In Interview based surveys,interviewer effectively influences both the response error as well as the response rate. In the present investigation an estimation procedure has been proposed to study the contribution of variance due to response errors as well as non-response errors introduced because of the interviewer.     

Response surface model diagnosis in two-way tables

Graphical model diagnosis procedures for two-way tables have already been proposed by Mandel, as well as by Bradu and Gabriel who used Gabriel's biplot as a main tool.

In this paper, a graphical model diagnosis extending Mandel's approach is developed. Response surface models are obtained whereby the response is expressed in terms of ‘truth-connected’ latent variates and, ultimately, in terms of originally measured external variates.

Meaningful models are obtained in some cases, accurate smoothing and interpolation algorithms in others.

As a by–product, Euclidean maps, which represent a twodimensional scaling (for rows or columns) also displaying ,ANOVA features, are obtained. To an extent, these maps can be viewed as a substitute for a model in the event of partial failure of the modelling operation.     

Thomas-Fermi近似下一维量子线体系对外场的动态响应

基于Thomas-Fermi近似,我们研究了一带宽电子库的一维量子线结构内部势函数和电荷密度的分布.数值结果表明电势和电子主要分布在电子库和量子线之间的传输区域.打开或增加一个量子通道或模式,电荷密度在传输区域出现尖锐的峰.在电子库中,特征势函数趋向于一或者零.     

中国农民工城市居留形态塑造机制审视——评《在中国城市中争取公民权:农民工、国家与市场逻辑》

美国学者苏黛瑞的《在中国城市中争取公民权:农民工、国家与市场逻辑》一书,以公民权为切入点,揭示了在国家计划体制、市场与农村流动人口三方动态博弈过程中,农民工的流动路径、其城市居留形态的塑造及城市生存策略。作为一本美籍学者对当代中国流动人口的研究论著,对国内学界而言,其价值在于不仅提供了农民工研究的新视角,而且更新了流动人口的研究范式,对中国流动人口研究有相当的启发与借鉴意义。     

Likelihood-based Estimation of the Regression Model with Scrambled Responses

A significant problem in the collection of responses to potentially sensitive questions, such as relating to illegal, immoral or embarrassing activities, is non-sampling error due to refusal to respond or false responses. Eichhorn & Hayre (1983) suggested the use of scrambled responses to reduce this form of bias. This paper considers a linear regression model in which the dependent variable is unobserved but for which the sum or product with a scrambling random variable of known distribution, is known. The performance of two likelihood-based estimators is investigated, namely of a Bayesian estimator achieved through a Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling scheme, and a classical maximum-likelihood estimator. These two estimators and an estimator suggested by Singh, Joarder & King (1996) are compared. Monte Carlo results show that the Bayesian estimator out-performs the classical estimators in all cases, and the relative performance of the Bayesian estimator improves as the responses become more scrambled.     

Generalizations of a contamination model for continuous type random variables

In 1965, Stanley Warner (Warner, 1965) introduced a model for contaminating discrete type random variables. He presented this scheme as being potentially useful in survevs where sensitive in-formation is being gathered. Since that time much research has been conducted and many papers written on the development of these discrete type randomized response models. More recently, atten-tion has been focused on the application of randomized response type models for preservation of confidentiality in existing data files (Boruch 1971 and 1972, Ranney 1975, Felligi 1974, and Inge-marsson 1975). In 1974, Poole (Poole, 1974) introduced a randomized response model for a positive continuous type random variable which was basically a continuous variable analog of the discrete variable Warner model. In this paper the results of the 1974 paper are extended to a lt-dimensional continuous type random variable in k-dimensional Euclidean space.     

Experimental design for response surface gradient estimation

In this paper, a new experimental design and gradient estimation procedure is presented for Phase I response surface optimization. The design is motivated by basic principles of differential calculus, which imply that if a point in Rⁿ has been reached by exactly minimizing a function along a given direction, then the gradient of the function at that point must be orthogonal to the search direction followed. While exact line search is not required for the new design to be effective, this principle implies that the dimension of the gradient estimation procedure may often be reduced from n to n-1 variables, and the experimenter is able to concentrate experimental effort within the most productive region around the center of the design. The new design and gradient estimation procedures are presented, and bias and variance properties are derived. The effectiveness of the new design is shown to depend on the experimenter's ability to terminate line search within a near-stationary region of the line search function A simple heuristic is presented which indicates whether the new design should be used at a given experimental region.