新生代农民工的矛盾性特征及其应对

当前,随着老一代农民工逐渐退出历史舞台,新生代农民工日益成为农民工群体的主体。虽然来源、务工时间和留城意愿等因素使得新生代农民工内部显现出一些差异性,但就整个新生代农民工群体来说,在其身上都或多或少地存在六大矛盾性特征。应对这些矛盾,需政府、社会和新生代农民工自身的共同努力。     

From myth to history: Ethiopia and Eritrea’s transformations in four photographic works

As the Horn of Africa is going through major political, societal and cultural transformations, how does photography construct visions that take them into account? This short paper looks then at four recent bodies of work that evoke and revolve around the different perceived temporalities that go along them, raising questions on history, memory, transmission and finally on photography itself.     

价格促销对品牌资产的影响:竞争反应的高地作用

在价格促销对品牌资产的影响方面,学者们并没有形成共识,原因之一是学者们忽视了竞争者的反应行为,本文旨在探讨竞争反应对这种影响关系的调节作用。本文通过2(品牌资产梯队)×8(竞争反应)的实验设计研究表明,对不同品牌资产梯队的品牌,价格促销对品牌资产的影响存在差异;竞争反应对这种影响关系具有调节作用;竞争对手的影响主要来自同梯队品牌,相反梯队品牌的影响不显著。本文对深入了解价格促销对品牌资产的影响具有重要意义。     

Joint production and subcontracting planning of unreliable multi-facility multi-product production systems

This article addresses the problem of joint optimization of production and subcontracting of unreliable production systems. The production system considered presents a common problem in the pharmaceutical industry. It is composed of multiple production facilities with different capacities, each of which is capable of producing two different classes of medications (brand name and generic). The resort to subcontracting is double: first, it involves the quantity of products received on a regular basis in order to compensate for insufficient production capacity in existing facilities, second, when needed, urgent orders are also launched in order to reduce the risk of shortages caused by breakdowns of manufacturing facilities. Failures, repairs and urgent delivery times may be represented by any probability distributions.The objective is to propose a general control policy for the system under consideration, and to obtain, in the case of two facilities, optimal control parameters that minimize the total incurred cost for a specific level of the customer service provided. Given the complexity of the problem considered, an experimental optimization approach is chosen in order to determine the optimal control parameters. This approach includes experimental design, analysis of variance, response surface methodology and simulation modeling. It allows the accurate representation of the dynamic and stochastic behaviors of the production system and the assessment of optimal control parameters. Other control parameters which represent the subcontracting are introduced and three joint production/subcontracting control policies (general, urgent, regular) are compared to one another. The proposed joint production/regular subcontracting control policy involves a cost decrease of up to 20%, as compared to results obtained by Dror et al. [1], who used a simplified control policy in addition to a heuristic solution approach for a real case study. This policy offers not only cost savings, but is also easier to manage, as compared to that proposed by Dror et al. [1]. Numerical examples and a sensitivity analysis are also performed to illustrate the robustness of the proposed control policy and the solution approach.     

Computing Jacobians using exterior products

In this paper we describe an exterior product method for computing the Jacobian of a transformation. This alternative procedure is often simpler than the conventional determinant approach. We illustrate the proposed method via commonly used transformations in statistical distribution theory.     

Using Randomized Response to Estimate the Proportion and Truthful Reporting Probability in a Dichotomous Finite Population

In this paper, an alternative randomized response procedure is given that allows us to estimate the population proportion in addition to the probability of providing a truthful answer. It overcomes a difficulty associated with traditional randomized response techniques. Properties of the proposed estimators as well as sample size allocations are studied. In addition, an efficiency comparison is carried out to investigate the performance of the proposed technique.     

A Bayesian Approach for Multiple Response Surface Optimization in the Presence of Noise Variables

An approach for the multiple response robust parameter design problem based on a methodology by Peterson (2000) is presented. The approach is Bayesian, and consists of maximizing the posterior predictive probability that the process satisfies a set of constraints on the responses. In order to find a solution robust to variation in the noise variables, the predictive density is integrated not only with respect to the response variables but also with respect to the assumed distribution of the noise variables. The maximization problem involves repeated Monte Carlo integrations, and two different methods to solve it are evaluated. A Matlab code was written that rapidly finds an optimal (robust) solution in case it exists. Two examples taken from the literature are used to illustrate the proposed method.     

Variance of the difference between two estimated responses

Minimization of the maximum and average variance of the difference between estimated responses are taken as design criteria for univariate polynomial regression models. An optimal design under the first criterion is derived for the second-order model and a class of designs nearly optimal under the second criterion is obtained for the general polynomial models.     

供应链的快速反应分析

供应链的快速反应能力(QR)是实现供应链管理的关键。文章在当前供应链管理发展的基础上,介绍了供应链管理方法之一———快速反应,着重从供应链的角度分析供应链企业实施快速反应的主要策略。通过实施策略,企业可以加强供应链的整体快速反应能力并获得收益,最终从根本上提升供应链企业的竞争力。     

Missed opportunity: The NTER and sustainable development outcomes for Aboriginal people in the Northern Territory

This article questions why the Labor Government has failed to fundamentally change the Northern Territory Emergency Response (NTER) which it inherited from the Howard government, in the face of evidence which suggests that it is a development intervention unlikely to bring about sustained change. There are two major problems which this article highlights: the coercive and denigrating approach of the NTER, and its failure to address the need for Indigenous governance to drive lasting Indigenous development. Drawing on global research about the reduction of poverty and evidence about the social and economic development of native nations in other settler states, the article suggests that the NTER has been a missed opportunity for Indigenous development. Better policies would have been to address the barriers which Indigenous people identify as blocking their initiatives for development, and to support the essential work of building effective and legitimate community governance to drive development.