提高籼型两系杂交稻产量的主攻方向研究

12个税型两系杂交稻组合在5个播期条件下的播始天数、株高、单株草重、谷草比、单株有效稳、每穗着粒数、实粒数、结实率、千粒重及单株粒重等10个性状进行相关及通径分析，结果表明，不仅结实率及谷草比与单株粒重的相关系数（正相关）较大，而且这2个险状对单株粒重的直接通径系数（为正值）也较大，说明现阶段提高结实率及谷草比是选育强优势税型两系杂交稻的主攻方向。对提高结实率的途径也进行了讨论。     

论我国行政责任的归责原则体系之建构

行政责任的归责原则是追究行政主体行政责任的根本规则。它是行政责任理论的核心问题,在整个行政法学中占据重要地位。引起行政责任的原因具有多样性,行政责任的归责原则应当多元。我国行政法应确立以过错推定原则为主,以危险责任原则、公平责任原则为补充的行政责任的归责原则体系。每一项归责原则都有其独特的适用范围。     

对网络伦理规矩的几点思考

解决网络伦理问题 ,需要制定网络伦理规矩。网络伦理规矩包括由浅到深三个层次的内容 :网络礼仪、网络规范和网络伦理原则。随着网络的出现和发展 ,确立网络伦理规矩已变成一个非常现实的问题。     

试论会计准则中会计政策的选择空间

目前实行的会计改革，一个明显的趋势就是要求企业根据会计准则规定的原则进行职业判断后再进 行会计处理和会计核算，这对会计人员的专业水平和职业道德都提出了挑战。     

多变量仿射非线性系统的可逆性秩判据

系统的可逆性判别是非线性控制的逆系统方法的关键,为探索可逆性分析的新途径,该文将系统可逆的秩检验法引入到多变量仿射非线性系统中,其实质是将系统的可逆性判定转化为对系统的输出函数及其导数所构成的雅可比矩阵的秩条件分析。文中给出了仿射非线性系统可逆的秩判据定理与证明过程,提出了一种具体的求逆算法,最后,举例对算法进行了验证,通过与微分几何法和逆系统方法的比较说明了秩判据法的有效性。     

营造良好的理论创新的客观环境

理论创新与理论创造主体所处的社会客观环境有着密切联系。探讨影响理论创新的客观要素,自觉营造有利于百花齐放、百家争鸣的理论春天,对于促进我国哲学社会科学的繁荣,指导我国社会主义现代化建设实践有着极为重要的意义。当前,形成鼓励创新的社会评价标准,加强鼓励创新的制度建设,确立鼓励创新的体制、机制,对于良好的理论创新的客观环境的营造尤为紧迫。     

The Statistical Analysis of Preference Data

A new statistic and a new method of analysis are proposed for data where a sample of respondents provides a preference ordering of some treatments. The new preference statistic is compared with the Friedman statistic, particularly for an example where 12 home owners each ranked four grasses. The new analysis provides a more natural and less misleading assessment of where the differences occur than an analysis based on the rank sums of the Friedman statistic. The new analysis is also more robust to deviations from the classical location problem, is not related to election methods known to have undesirable characteristics and adheres to the Condorcet criterion for election methods.     

Bayesian model selection for join point regression with application to age-adjusted cancer rates

Summary.  The method of Bayesian model selection for join point regression models is developed. Given a set of K +1 join point models M ₀,  M ₁, …,  M _K with 0, 1, …,  K join points respec-tively, the posterior distributions of the parameters and competing models M _k are computed by Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations. The Bayes information criterion BIC is used to select the model M _k with the smallest value of BIC as the best model. Another approach based on the Bayes factor selects the model M _k with the largest posterior probability as the best model when the prior distribution of M _k is discrete uniform. Both methods are applied to analyse the observed US cancer incidence rates for some selected cancer sites. The graphs of the join point models fitted to the data are produced by using the methods proposed and compared with the method of Kim and co-workers that is based on a series of permutation tests. The analyses show that the Bayes factor is sensitive to the prior specification of the variance σ ², and that the model which is selected by BIC fits the data as well as the model that is selected by the permutation test and has the advantage of producing the posterior distribution for the join points. The Bayesian join point model and model selection method that are presented here will be integrated in the National Cancer Institute's join point software ( http://www.srab.cancer.gov/joinpoint/ ) and will be available to the public.     

Bayesian sample-size determination for one and two Poisson rate parameters with applications to quality control

We formulate Bayesian approaches to the problems of determining the required sample size for Bayesian interval estimators of a predetermined length for a single Poisson rate, for the difference between two Poisson rates, and for the ratio of two Poisson rates. We demonstrate the efficacy of our Bayesian-based sample-size determination method with two real-data quality-control examples and compare the results to frequentist sample-size determination methods.