A group sequential test for the inverse Gaussian mean

The present paper deals with the development of a group sequential test when response variable has an inverse Gaussian distribution with known scale parameter.     

False discovery rate control for non-positively regression dependent test statistics

In this paper we present a modification of the Benjamini and Hochberg false discovery rate controlling procedure for testing non-positive dependent test statistics. The new testing procedure makes use of the same series of linearly increasing critical values. Yet, in the new procedure the set of p-values is divided into subsets of positively dependent p-values, and each subset of p-values is separately sorted and compared to the series of critical values. In the first part of the paper we introduce the new testing methodology, discuss the technical issues needed to apply the new approach, and apply it to data from a genetic experiment.     

Small sample distribution of the likelihood ratio test in the random effects model

In this paper we examine the small sample distribution of the likelihood ratio test in the random effects model which is often recommended for meta-analyses. We find that this distribution depends strongly on the true value of the heterogeneity parameter (between-study variance) of the model, and that the correct p-value may be quite different from its large sample approximation. We recommend that the dependence of the heterogeneity parameter be examined for the data at hand and suggest a (simulation) method for this. Our setup allows for explanatory variables on the study level (meta-regression) and we discuss other possible applications, too. Two data sets are analyzed and two simulation studies are performed for illustration.     

Financial liberalization and long-run stability of money demand in Nigeria

A stable money demand function is essential when using monetary aggregate as a monetary policy. Thus, there is need to examine the stability of the money demand function in Nigeria after the deregulation of the financial sector. To achieve this, the study employed CUSUM (cumulative sum) and CUSUMSQ (CUSUM of square) tests after using autoregressive distributive lag bounds test to determine the existence of a long run relationship between monetary aggregates and their determinants. Results of the study show that a long-run relationship holds and that the demand for money is stable in Nigeria. In addition, the inflation rate is found to be a better proxy for an opportunity variable when compared to interest rate. The main implication of the study is that interest rate is ineffective as a monetary policy instrument in Nigeria.     

中国对外直接投资与进出口贸易关系的实证分析

对外直接投资(FDI)与进出口贸易的关系因各国的具体国情不同、各学者的研究方法的不同而呈现出显著的差异。文章采用协整理论分析中国的对外直接投资与进出口(1995-2007年)的关系,得出对外直接投资与出口、进口在短期存在替代效应,在长期存在互补效应,并计量出中国FDI与出口和中国FDI与进口的误差修正模型。最后,提出了相关政策建议。     

Statistical considerations in clinical trial design with event-free survival as the primary efficacy endpoint

In late-phase confirmatory clinical trials in the oncology field, time-to-event (TTE) endpoints are commonly used as primary endpoints for establishing the efficacy of investigational therapies. Among these TTE endpoints, overall survival (OS) is always considered as the gold standard. However, OS data can take years to mature, and its use for measurement of efficacy can be confounded by the use of post-treatment rescue therapies or supportive care. Therefore, to accelerate the development process and better characterize the treatment effect of new investigational therapies, other TTE endpoints such as progression-free survival and event-free survival (EFS) are applied as primary efficacy endpoints in some confirmatory trials, either as a surrogate for OS or as a direct measure of clinical benefits. For evaluating novel treatments for acute myeloid leukemia, EFS has been gradually recognized as a direct measure of clinical benefits. However, the application of an EFS endpoint is still controversial mainly due to the debate surrounding definition of treatment failure (TF) events. In this article, we investigate the EFS endpoint with the most conservative definition for the timing of TF, which is Day 1 since randomization. Specifically, the corresponding non-proportional hazard pattern of the EFS endpoint is investigated with both analytical and numerical approaches.     

基于RiskMetrics模型的单个期货合约保证金比例设计

为了规避价格波动风险,期货交易所应该采取动态保证金设置方式。本文对单个期货合约的日收益序列建立了基于RiskMetrics的VaR模型,用滚动样本预测下一交易日的VaR值,而LR检验表明所建立的VaR模型能较好地测度价格波动风险。因此,下一交易日保证金比例可以设置为预测的VaR值和所规定的涨跌停板率的最小值,这样就能以相应的概率抵御该交易日价格波动带来的风险。     

金融深化与经济增长：西部地区“悖论”的实证

西部地区的金融深化似乎并没有有效促进该地区的经济增长,运用协整理论、误差修正模型和格兰杰因果检验实证分析的结果也表明西部金融深化与经济增长之间确实存在着“悖论”。“悖论”出现的原因是西部地区金融深化难以有效积累资本,并且该地区经济投资效率低下。必须积极推进西部金融体制改革,提高西部金融业的运作效率。加大对西部地区的财政金融支持力度,提升西部产业结构层次,大力发展非国有经济,才能使西部金融深化有效促进该地区经济增长。     

Phase-II monitoring and diagnosing of multivariate categorical processes using generalized linear test-based control charts

In this paper, two control charts based on the generalized linear test (GLT) and contingency table are proposed for Phase-II monitoring of multivariate categorical processes. The performances of the proposed methods are compared with the exponentially weighted moving average-generalized likelihood ratio test (EWMA-GLRT) control chart proposed in the literature. The results show the better performance of the proposed control charts under moderate and large shifts. Moreover, a new scheme is proposed to identify the parameter responsible for an out-of-control signal. The performance of the proposed diagnosing procedure is evaluated through some simulation experiments.     

Rank repeated measures analysis of covariance

When analyzing a response variable at the presence of both factors and covariates, with potentially correlated responses and violated assumptions of the normal residual or the linear relationship between the response and the covariates, rank-based tests can be an option for inferential procedures instead of the parametric repeated measures analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) models. This article derives a rank-based method for multi-way ANCOVA models with correlated responses. The generalized estimating equations (GEE) technique is employed to construct the proposed rank tests. Asymptotic properties of the proposed tests are derived. Simulation studies confirmed the performance of the proposed tests.