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991.
Using longitudinal data from the British National Child Development Study, this paper examines gender differences in the
determinants of work-related training. The analysis covers a crucial decade in the working lives of this 1958 birth cohort
of young men and women – the years spanning the ages of 23 to 33. Hurdle negative binomial models are used to estimate the
number of work-related training events lasting at least three days. This approach takes into account the fact that more than
half the men and two thirds of the women in the sample experienced no work-related training lasting three or more days over
the period 1981 to 1991. Our analysis suggests that reliance on work-related training to improve the skills of the work force
will result in an increase in the skills of the already educated, but will not improve the skills of individuals entering
the labor market with relatively low levels of education.
JEL classification: C25, I21, J24.
Received February 9, 1996/Accepted August 14, 1996 相似文献
992.
In this paper we show that the macroeconomic effects of demographic changes strongly depend on the degree of altruism and
on the specification of the intertemporal utility function. We allow for agents either to be altruistic in the sense of Barro
(1974) or non-altruistic. In the latter case, generations are heterogeneous like in the „unloved children” model of Weil (1989).
In the former case, where the model is a standard Ramsey model with identical agents, we distinguish a Millian and a Benthamite
intertemporal utility function. For each of these models, we study the effects of an anticipated and unanticipated permanent
decline in population growth as well as the consequences of a baby-boom/baby-bust scenario.
Received April 17, 1996/Accepted December 10, 1996 相似文献
993.
Jonathan R. Veum 《Journal of population economics》1997,10(2):219-233
Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth from 1987 to 1992, the determinants of training and the impact of
training on job turnover are examined for young private sector workers in the United States. It is found that the receipt
of company training is positively correlated with education, ability, and prior tenure at the job. The results provide only
limited evidence that company training reduces turnover. There is substantial evidence, however, that training which is not
financed by employers increases job mobility. The results imply that training plays an important role in the job search and
job matching process among young workers.
JEL classification: J24, J41, J63
Received December 11, 1995/Accepted June 27, 1996 相似文献
994.
中国财政供养人口比的增长一直备受人们的关注。本文对我国财政供养人口比的变迁状况进行了分析,并对我国的这一状况进行了理论解释,进而也从中得到一定的启示。 相似文献
995.
996.
This paper analyses the effects of expected earnings and local markets conditions on the behaviour of young adults with high
school diplomas. Decisions to either remain in the parental home or form a new household are modelled jointly with those of
either gaining work experience or investing in a university education. Expected lifetime earnings are found to play a crucial
role in determining the choice of studying and residing with parents. Poor labour market opportunities discourage young people
from working and induce them to study. The cost of housing greatly influences the choice of working and leaving the parental
home.
Received: 23 March 2001/Accepted: 26 November 2001
All correspondence to Gianna Claudia Giannelli. Helpful comments by two anonymous referees are gratefully acknowledged. Responsible editor: John F. Ermisch. 相似文献
997.
We examine the role of altruism in determining optimal transfers from a principal (a mother) to selfish agents (her children)
in return for attention services. Transfer-attention contracts are studied in a setting in which informational asymmetries
arise from the inability of a parent to determine the extent of her children's selfishness. We find a predominating exchange
motive for transfers in the symmetric informational regime we study. However, both altruism and exchange are important motives
under asymmetric information. We show that altruism facilitates transfer-attention exchange arrangements with certain trade
partners under incomplete information, but diminishes trade with others.
Received: 19 November 2000/Accepted: 17 May 2001
The paper was written while Edward Seiler was a fellow at the department of Agricultural Economics and Management at the
Hebrew University. The authors wish to thank Elad Aharoni for research assistance, and Judith Rivlin, Yacov Tsur, two anonymous
referees and seminar participants at the Hebrew University for helpful comments. Responsible editor: Alessandro Cigno. 相似文献
998.
The purpose of this paper is to study intergenerational optimal resources sharing when the social planer can choose the retirement
age in addition to consumptions and investment. We use the extension of the Diamond analysis by Hu [1979] that incorporates
endogenous retirement age. We found that the optimal retirement age is an increasing function of the population growth rate
if the elasticity of substitution of old agents' labor for young agents' labor is lower than one. In the millian case, when
the size of a population does not matter, and when the elasticity of substitution of old agents' labor for young agents' labor
is strictly higher than one, the optimal retirement age is a decreasing function of the population growth rate. In the benthamite
case, the change in the optimal retirement age is indeterminate.
Received: 19 February 1999/Accepted: 27 February 2001
All correspondence to Bertrand Crettez. We would like to thank Jean-Pierre Vidal for very helpful comments on an earlier
draft. An anonymous referee provided insightful comments on a previous version of this paper. Responsible editor: Alessandro Cigno. 相似文献
999.
When capital and labor markets are imperfect, choice sets narrow, and parents must choose how to ration available funds and
time between their children. One consequence is that children become rivals for household resources. In economies with pro-male
bias, such rivalries can yield gains to having relatively more sisters than brothers. Using a rich household survey from Ghana,
we find that on average if children had all sisters (and no brothers) they would do roughly 25-40% better on measured health
indicators than if they had all brothers (and no sisters). The effects are as large as typical quantity-quality trade-offs,
and they do not differ significantly by gender.
Received: 22 May 1996 / Accepted: 13 July 1998 相似文献
1000.
朱志荣 《宁波大学学报(人文科学版)》2021,(1):121-125
为加强生态文明理论实践,推动生态经济学发展,“中国生态经济学学会第十次会员代表大会暨2020年学术年会”于2020年10月在宁波和北京两地联动召开,来自全国各地高校、科研院所及政府部门的100余位专家学者就生态经济理论创新、生态经济实践探索、生态文明制度建设以及生态经济学科发展方向等关键问题展开了深入交流与探讨,形成了一系列重要观点,为生态文明建设和生态经济学发展提供了有益启示。 相似文献