A note on the distribution of the resistance of rank tests

Measurement of the effect of extreme observations on test statistics has been discussed by many authors. Test resistance to rejection (acceptance) is one of the most appealing methods. Using the distribution of the test statistic, the exact and asymptotic distributions of the test resistance to rejection (acceptance) are introduced. The usage of the distribution is emphasized in the case of the sign test and Spearman’s rho.     

A two stage procedure for selecting δ∗-optimal means in the normal model

Suppose π₁,…,π_k are k normal populations with π_i having unknown mean μ_i and unknown variance σ². The population π_i will be called δ^?-optimal (or good) if μ_i is within a specified amountδ? of the largest mean. A two stage procedure is proposed which selects a subset of the k populations and guarantees with probability at least P^? that the selected subset contains only δ?-optimal π_i ’s. In addition to screening out non-good populations the rule guarantees a high proportion of sufficiently good π_i’S will be selected.     

Bayes estimates of mixing proportions in finite mixture distributions

With reference to the problem of estimating the mixing proportions in a finite mixture distribution with known components, employing Dirichlet prior, closed form expressions for the posterior means and variances are obtained. To avoid the difficulties in computing the estimates, an approximation procedure is introduced. Numerical studies carried out for normal mixtures indicate the closeness of the approximations and their superiority over the maximum likelihood estimates at least in the case of small samples.     

死亡的叙事方式及其文学价值——迟子建《世界上所有的夜晚》批评

死亡对于人生来说是一种必然的结束方式。而死亡作为文学的一种叙事资源并不一定被充分利用。尽管死亡是人类不能不面对的问题,但文学史上关于死亡的叙事并不多见。迟子建的中篇小说《世界上所有的夜晚》却选择了死亡叙事,让我们领略了死亡叙事的文学价值。     

The exact distribution and density functions of the stein-type estimator for normal variance

In this paper, we derive the exact distribution and density functions of the Stein-type estimator for the normal variance. It is shown by numerical evaluation that the density function of the Stein-type estimator is unimodal and concentrates around the mode more than that of the usual estimator.     

Bayes estimates of mixing parameters in finite mixture diexributions

Using the ‘grouping vector’ notion and employing a Dirichlet prior to the unknown mixing parameters viz., the unknown mixing proportiona, the Bayee estimates of the mixing proportions in finite mixtures of known distributions are obtained. These estimates are based on the optimal grouping of the sample data. An algorithm is proposed to obtain the optimal grouping of the eample observations when the component densities belong to the family of densities possessing the monotone likelihood ratio property. A numerical study is carried out for the case of mixtures of two normal densities.     

清代晋商罚戏的法经济学分析

罚戏是指罚违规者出资请戏班子给大家演一台戏。清代时期,罚戏作为晋商最具特色的行业内部制裁措施是其纠纷解决机制重要的组成部分,并且能够体现出中国民间法律本土资源所独有的特色。成本收益理论在一定程度上揭示了清政府、晋商以及当地乡邻三方主体对罚戏的认同都是出于各自理性的需要。     

Selecting the best normal population better than a standard under unequal variances

In this article we consider a problem of selecting the best normal population that is better than a standard when the variances are unequal. Single-stage selection procedures are proposed when the variances are known. Wilcox (1984) and Taneja and Dudewicz (1992) proposed two-stage selection procedures when the variances are unknown. In addition to these procedures, we propose a two-stage selection procedure based on the method of Lam (1988). Comparisons are made between these selection procedures in terms of the sample sizes.     

情景教学法在城市规划专业英语教学的改革探索

在国际化程度不断提高的趋势下，文章立足于城市规划的学科特征与情景教学之间的契合点，阐述了教学主题模块设置、教学环节多元化设计、教学手段多样化运用及网络教学资源库等四个方面内容的构成与特点，探讨情景教学应用于专业英语学习的教学改革实践。     

A condition for best asymptotic normality in a regular family of distributions

A theorem is presented which provides a simple sufficient condition for a weakly consistent estimator of a parameter in a regular family of distributions to be best asymptotically normal (B.A.N.). As a corollary the B.A.N. property of a maximum likelihood estimator is established under weaker conditions than those of Zacks (1971). Two examples are provided to illustrate the technique.