论中国国际关系学的特征

本文认为中国国际关系学研究始自1840年中国的近代史开端.构成中国国际关系学的思想材料有中国古代历史文化遗产,近代以来符合中国国情的西方国家各种学说和思想,以及对康梁、孙中山、毛泽东、邓小平、江泽民和当代领导人外交思想的归纳与整理.由于中国民族国家统一的任务没有完成,中国的民主建设尚在完善,以及国际关系学的学科特殊性,决定着中国国际关系学具有理论政策研究的特征.     

一类三次系统原点的最高阶奇点量

运用奇点量理论和计算方法求出了一类三次系统原点的最高阶奇点量 ,并证明为6阶 ,解决了其原点的稳定性和可积性条件问题 .     

Robust estimation and design procedures for the random effects model

The authors discuss two robust estimators for estimating variance components in the random effects model, and they obtain finite‐sample breakdown points for the estimators. Based on the finite‐sample breakdown point, they propose a criterion for selecting robust designs. With robust designs, one can get efficient and reliable estimates for variance components regardless of outliers which may happen in the experiment. The authors give examples to show the performance of robust estimators and to compare robust designs with optimal designs based on the traditional analysis of variance estimation method.     

试论背飞选点扣球进攻的作用与训练

本文就如何提高背飞扣球的成功率,在其理论和实践中进行了研究和探讨。背飞选点(选前点区、高点区和后点区)扣球进攻是提高扣球成功率的有效方法之一。其作用是:丰富个人进攻战术;加宽进攻辐射面;提高运动员的反应速度和应变能力以及身体训练的积极性。训练方法有:地面练习选点扣球;前冲式起跳练习;网上练习背飞选点扣球。     

浅议如何加强对农业的财政支持

农村小康社会建设需要国家财政的支持。在WTO协议框架内支农空间受到限制的情况下,要加强财政支农力度,提高支农效率,关键是要选择好支持重点,包括支持农村基础设施建设、支持农业科研和推广体系建设、支持农业结构调整、支持建立农业风险保障制度等重要方面。     

The validation of surrogate end points by using data from randomized clinical trials: a case-study in advanced colorectal cancer

Summary.  In many therapeutic areas, the identification and validation of surrogate end points is of prime interest to reduce the duration and/or size of clinical trials. Buyse and co-workers and Burzykowski and co-workers have proposed a validation strategy for end points that are either normally distributed or (possibly censored) failure times. In this paper, we address the problem of validating an ordinal categorical or binary end point as a surrogate for a failure time true end point. In particular, we investigate the validity of tumour response as a surrogate for survival time in evaluating fluoropyrimidine-based experimental therapies for advanced colorectal cancer. Our analysis is performed on data from 28 randomized trials in advanced colorectal cancer, which are available through the Meta-Analysis Group in Cancer.     

可靠性中的关联度分析法

在可靠性工程中,分布的拟合检验和点估计值的评价是经常遇到的两个问题。一般的处理方法是数理统计方法。本文利用灰色系统理论中的关联度概念,从几何处理的角度,提出一种新方法。该方法简单、使用方便、容易掌握,不需概率紙和特殊设计的统计量临界值表,适于对精确度要求不太高的场合。     

Dealing with shift work: Physical fitness, temperature, and napping

This paper reviews the effects of generally controllable factors such as physical conditioning, ambient temperature, and amount of prior sleep in adjustment to night work periods and shift work. One can expect a 5-10% decline in capacity for work in nocturnal work periods as compared to daytime work periods. This decreased capacity would dissipate if workers maintained a consistent sleep-wake routine for 8-16 days after moving to a new shift. Proven means for accelerating this adaptation are currently not available. The ability to perform work also declines as the length of the work period increases but depending upon individual tasks. Physical conditioning improves mood and general well-being, but no strong evidence currently indicates that conditioning increases tolerance or adjustment to shift work.

Increased ambient temperature increases the stress of work, although studies do not address heat as a factor in adjustment to shift work. While lower nocturnal temperature would be assumed to reduce heat stress during night shifts, supporting data does not exist. Studies have not addressed the negative consequences of cold stress or of rotating from night to day shifts with added heat stress.

The proper use of short sleep periods either as preparation for or as a response to a shift change can ameliorate some effects of shift rotation. Data indicate that performance on 'graveyard' shifts can be maintained close to baseline levels following true prophylactic naps while performance may decline by up to 30% when such naps are not taken. While there is evidence that naps or even rest periods without sleep are beneficial in improving mood in normal young adults, these data do not apply to 'replacement' naps. Studies of interjected naps imply that such naps do reduce sleep debt but do not imply that such naps are more beneficial than longer sleep periods. Naps appear to be most advantageous when the accumulated sleep debt is least.     

集值映象的不动点定理

关于集值映象的不动点问题,由于其在经济数学,对策论以及拟变分不等式理论、相补问题等中的重要作用,近年来引起了许多数学工作者的注意.国内外许多学者都对其进行研究,但大都在映象有凸性和闭性条件下讨论问题.这对其应用构成了很大约束.因此,许多作者致力于削弱这种约束.本文正是这一工作的继续.我们运用非线性分析中的广义KKM方法以及映象的转移开(闭)概念,在映象无凸性条件和闭性条件较弱的条件下得到了集值映象的不动点定理.     

WLAN工程建设中出现的问题及解决方案

针对无线接入控制器设备对微波设备端口的适应机制不匹配;无线接入点对同时接入网络的用户数量设置错误,导致在线用户掉线;用户终端移动造成跨VLAN信道切换,导致网络中断等问题进行了分析,选择了具有代表性的无线局域网络(WLAN)热点地区进行网络测试实验。经过实验得出了一套解决问题的方案,并用于WLAN工程建设中。