《史记》研究三君子——美国汉学家华兹生、候格睿、杜润德《史记》研究著作简论

华兹生、候格睿、杜润德是美国汉学界史记学研究领域最负盛名的学者。他们分别撰写的三部史记研究论著堪称该领域奠基之作,具有十分重要的学术价值,然而国内学术界目前鲜有文章论述这些著作。本文将对这三部著作进行一番介绍和评述,以唤起国内史记研究专家对此的关注。     

蒙文通的今古文经学观

蒙文通继承廖平,以礼制区分今、古文经学,认为今文经学已偏离了先秦孟、荀之学的端绪。蒙文通对廖平及康有为关于古文经学本于刘歆作伪的观点持有不同的意见,指出古文学的特点是敦于笃行,而疏于思究,并提出“舍今古之异同而上求之齐鲁”,以探究先秦儒学之旨。     

思虑接千载雕龙文为开——评余三定《中国新时期学术热点研究》

余三定《中国新时期学术热点研究》一书,对中国新时期学术规范、反学术腐败、学术评价、研究生教育、学术大师讨论、中学语文教材建设等重要学术热点、学术争鸣进行了系统分析和深入探讨,其视野宏阔、见解深刻、立场公允,堪称中国当代学术史研究领域的开创性著作.     

科学发展观研究的新突破——简评陈若松、陈艳飞编著的《科学发展观研究》

陈若松教授和陈艳飞副教授根据党的十八大精神,合作撰写的《科学发展观研究》一书,是科学发展现研究的有深度、有力度、特色鲜明的新著.其内容丰富系统性强,思路清晰颇具新意,时代感和学术责任意识强.     

Cyclical Cohabitation Among Unmarried Parents in Fragile Families

Building on past research suggesting that cohabitation is an ambiguous family form, the authors examined an understudied residential pattern among unmarried parents: cyclical cohabitation, in which parents have multiple cohabitation spells with each other. Using 9 years of panel data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (N = 2,084), they found that 10% of all parents with nonmarital births and nearly a quarter of those living together when the child is 9 years old are cyclical cohabitors. Cyclically cohabiting mothers reported more material hardships than mothers in most other relationship patterns but also reported more father involvement with children. On all measures of child well‐being except grade retention, children of cyclically cohabiting parents fared no worse than children of stably cohabiting biological parents and did not differ significantly from any other group.     

Small-dollar children's savings accounts and children's college outcomes by income level

This is paper two of four in the small-dollar children's savings account series in this issue that examines the relationship between children's small-dollar savings accounts and college enrollment and graduation. This series of papers uses different subsamples to examine three important research questions: (a) Are children with savings of their own more likely to attend or graduate from college; (b) Does dose (no account, only basic savings, savings designated for school of less than $1, $1 to $499, or $500 or more) matter; and (c) Is designating savings for school more predictive than having basic savings alone. Using propensity score weighted data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics and its supplements we created multi-treatment doses of savings accounts and amounts to answer these questions separately for children from low- and moderate-income (below $50,000; n = 512) and high income ($50,000 or above; n = 345) households. We find that low- and moderate-income children may be more likely to enroll in and graduate from college when they have small-dollar savings accounts with money designated for school. A low- and moderate-income child who has school savings of $1 to $499 prior to reaching college age is over three times more likely to enroll in college and four times more likely to graduate from college than a child with no savings account. These findings lead to policy implications that are also discussed.     

Feminisation of poverty in 12 welfare states: Consolidating cross‐regime variations?

Kim JW, Choi YJ. Feminisation of poverty in 12 welfare states: consolidating cross‐regime variations? According to some theorists, the feminisation of poverty has become a common feature in the majority of advanced welfare states, but there have been very few attempts to provide a detailed picture from a comparative perspective. Considering this background, the aim of present study was to illuminate the feminisation of poverty in 12 welfare states between the 1980s and the 2000s and to analyse whether there has been any convergence or divergence between these welfare states. The scope and depth of the feminisation of poverty and the changing role of welfare states were assessed via an analysis of the antipoverty role of public transfers in each country. Using the Luxembourg Income Study dataset, this article argues that while the feminisation of poverty has been slowed down and even reversed in certain cases, cross‐regime differences have become increasingly visible.     

The British Chinese Adoption Study: planning a study of lifecourse and outcomes

Follow-up studies of adopted adults are very important in contributing to the development of policy and practice when placing children in families following early adversity. This article describes the development of a methodology for one such study due to be completed in 2012. The files of 100 ethnic Chinese girls adopted from Hong Kong into British families in the 1960s were made available and originally analysed in 2007. As the files recorded data on the children's pre-adoption experiences including orphanage care, this provided an opportunity to explore a well-established hypothesis that early orphanage experience has an enduring effect on later outcomes. However, given this group of women are now in their 40s and 50s, identifying these outcomes may offer a much longer term perspective to that usually available in research studies of this kind. This article reports the findings from an analysis of the information held on these files. It then discusses the benefits and challenges of developing a robust methodology for a follow-up study that compares this group of women with other adopted and non-adopted groups of a similar age and in particular explores how post-adoption experiences across the lifespan might moderate the effects of early adversity. Following up this group of women into their middle years and using data available about their early experiences provides a unique opportunity to test and challenge existing theories about the long-term consequences of international adoption. This will help to inform both policy and direct social work practice when children are being considered and placed through international adoption today.     

“熟悉—陌生”:转型期乡村社会的双重化生活格局——云南Z村的个案分析

对云南Z村进行的田野调查表明,该村日常生活呈现熟悉性和陌生性两种气质交融的动态形貌:既有对传统乡土本色的坚守和留恋,又有被现代市场化力量形塑的陌生人特质的滋生。转型期乡村社会的双重化特质体现于市场化浪潮带来的熟悉又陌生的邻里关系,乡土本色的变异与留存,村落社会的"名实分离"。通过研究进一步认为,以"熟悉—陌生"视域下的乡村社会双重化生活格局为框架和视角,能较好地理解乡土社会在转型中国和全球现代化背景下发生的历史性变革。     

Trajectory and Predictors of Early Adolescent Alcohol Use

The aim of this study was to identify the developmental trajectory and predictors of Korean early adolescents’ alcohol use. The sample comprised 2844 adolescents who participated in the five‐wave longitudinal Korea Youth Panel Study, in which students were assessed annually from grade 4 (aged 11 years) in 2004 to grade 8 (aged 15 years) in 2008. Latent growth curve (LGC) modeling was conducted and a quadratic (J‐shaped) LGC model was supported. Personality‐ and environment‐system predictors, based on problem‐behavior theory, were specified to account for variation in intra‐individual changes in alcohol use. Self‐control, depressive affect, parental abuse, number of drinking friends, and gender significantly predicted the initial level of alcohol use. Self‐control, depressive affect, parental abuse, peer attachment, gender, and family structure predicted the quadratic slope that was associated with the rate of acceleration of alcohol use. These findings suggest that more effort needs to be directed toward the implementation of alcohol prevention programs early in elementary schools and practitioners who are involved in effective alcohol‐prevention and intervention programs that are aimed at delaying the initiation of alcohol use and reducing drinking during adolescence should consider various psychosocial factors.