从《二年律令》看与军功爵制有关的三个问题——《二年律令》与军功爵制研究之三

历史文献及此前公布的秦汉简牍,对官级与爵级的对比,军功爵制下的妇女地位,军功爵制如何继承问题,都没有具体的记载,《二年律令》补上了这几项空白。《二年律令》保存了二十级爵与官级逐级对比关系,有在军功爵制下"女子比其夫爵"的法律条文,有各级军功爵拥有者关于其嫡长子、嫡子和庶出众子对爵位继承的各种不同的继承规定。从以上三个问题中可以看出在吕后时期,军功爵制在政治、经济等方面还有实际价值,军功爵制在社会上还很受尊重。     

凉山彝族婚改内容解析——兼论传统文化与现代国家的互动

传统婚姻是传统社会制度的基础和核心。 2 0世纪 50— 70年代凉山婚改的实质是国家以政治方式从传统的等级家支组织中剥离和解放个人。但凉山的传统婚姻制度是对当地的自然与文化长期适应的结果 ,且婚改文件中阶级斗争话语与凉山彝族的等级血统论同构 ,故使婚改失败。改革开放有助于实现凉山彝族社会的巨大变迁 ,包括婚改预期目的的实现 ,同时提醒我们在现代化的过程中 ,必须尊重各民族文化的价值和主体性 ,重视传统文化对现代化的兼容能力。     

北宋西北地区蕃官官号考

北宋时期在西北蕃部地区酋其首领,形成了规模庞大的蕃官队伍。蕃官官号与北宋汉官相同,但其职责、职权范围以及品位等与汉官存在着重大的差别,具有明显的民族、区域特点。西北蕃官是北宋西北民族关系尤其是宋夏关系的产物,这些都可以从蕃官官号的考证中找到依据。     

思想道德修养与法律基础课师资队伍建设思考

高等学校思想道德修养与法律基础课师资队伍建设中存在着师资力量不足,梯队建设不完善;面临挑战增多,教师综合素质亟待提高;制度建设落后,激励机制不完善;政策待遇落实不到位,教师产生职业倦怠等主要问题。师资队伍建设创新思路应该优化师资结构,专兼职相结合优势互补是师资队伍建设创新的基础;贯彻科学发展观,切实提升教师综合素质是师资队伍建设创新的核心;加强师德建设,增强职业荣誉感是师资队伍建设创新的关键;建立与时俱进的教师管理运行机制和激励机制是师资队伍建设创新的重要保证。     

高校重科研轻教学现象透视及纠偏

“重科研轻教学”是大多数高校存在的普遍现象 ,虽然有一定的必然性和存在的合理性 ,但其负面影响不可忽视。解决办法在于正确认识并妥善处理科研与教学之间的辩证关系 ,做到三个“区别对待” :即重点大学与一般大学之间、擅长教学与擅长科研的教师之间、两种不同的科研目的之间应区别对待。     

底层视角:对中国社会学发展取向的一点思考

文章简要回顾了改革开放以来社会学作为一门学科的重建和发展的历程,结合在学习和实践中遇到的问题,认为底层视角是当前中国社会学进一步开拓其研究范围,确立自己独特地位和价值,为本学科寻找和创造更大发展空间和拓展的途径和良机之一.     

Smoothed empirical likelihood confidence intervals for quantile regression parameters with auxiliary information

This paper develops a smoothed empirical likelihood (SEL)-based method to construct confidence intervals for quantile regression parameters with auxiliary information. First, we define the SEL ratio and show that it follows a Chi-square distribution. We then construct confidence intervals according to this ratio. Finally, Monte Carlo experiments are employed to evaluate the proposed method.     

Political generations and partisanship in the UK, 1964–1997

Summary. Political partisanship is often claimed to be influenced by generational and life-cycle processes, with both being cited as the factor that is responsible for higher levels of Conservative identifications among older voters. Given the existence of over-time change it is difficult to assess the validity of these claims as even with repeated survey data any model is underidentified. This paper uses smoothed additive models to isolate and examine the non-linear component of the generational effect. Some identifying assumptions are presented to try to assess the extent to which linear aging or generational processes are responsible for the increased Conservatism of the elderly. The advantage of the smoothed additive models is their ability to highlight non-linear effects, however, and this paper shows that regardless of linear trends people who entered the electorate during Conservative Parliaments are more likely to be Conservative partisan identifiers many years later. The introduction of a multiplicative term linking age to period effects supports this hypothesis by showing that younger people are more susceptible to the influence of period effects.     

An evaluation of some nonparametric multiple comparison procedures by Monte Carlo methods

Computer simulation techniques were employed to investigate the Type I and Type II error rates (experiment-wise and comparison-wise) of three nonparametric multiple comparison procedures. Three different underlying distributions were considered. It was found that the nonparametric analog to Fisher’s LSD (a Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by pairwise Mann-Whitney U tests if a significant overall effect is detected) appeared to be superior to the Nemenyi-Dunn and Steel-Dwass procedures, because of the extreme conservatism of these latter methods.     

On the bootstrap and smoothed bootstrap

The standard bootstrap and two commonly used types of smoothed bootstrap are investigated. The saddlepoint approximations are used to evaluate the accuracy of the three bootstrap estimates of the density of a sample mean. The optimal choice for the smoothing parameter is obtained when smoothing is useful in reducing the mean squared error.