Still-births among the offspring of male radiation workers at the Sellafield nuclear reprocessing plant: detailed results and statistical aspects

Summary. This study investigates whether there was evidence of increasing risk of still-birth with increasing paternal exposure to ionizing radiation received during employment at the Sellafield nuclear installation before the child was conceived. A significant positive association is found between the total paternal preconceptional exposure to external ionizing radiation and the risk of still-birth (after adjustment for year of birth, social class, birth order and paternal age, odds ratio at 100 mSv 1.24 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.45)). A summary of the principal scientific findings of this study has been published in the Lancet . This paper describes in detail the statistical methods that were used in the investigation and presents the results in full.     

论创造性思维的时效性

创造性思维的时效是指创造性思维在一定的时间内所取得的思维成果。在追求创造性思维科学性的同时 ,力求其高效率是创造性思维的目的。我们要运用先进的思维工具 ,采用科学的思维方法 ,尽量减少创造性思维中的挫折和曲折 ,力戒不必要思维时间的浪费 ,以提高创造性思维的效率     

Estimation of Hazard, Density and Survivor Functions for Randomly Censored Data

Maximum likelihood estimation and goodness-of-fit techniques are used within a competing risks framework to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of hazard, density, and survivor functions for randomly right-censored variables. Goodness-of- fit techniques are used to fit distributions to the crude lifetimes, which are used to obtain an estimate of the hazard function, which, in turn, is used to construct the survivor and density functions of the net lifetime of the variable of interest. If only one of the crude lifetimes can be adequately characterized by a parametric model, then semi-parametric estimates may be obtained using a maximum likelihood estimate of one crude lifetime and the empirical distribution function of the other. Simulation studies show that the survivor function estimates from crude lifetimes compare favourably with those given by the product-limit estimator when crude lifetimes are chosen correctly. Other advantages are discussed.     

浅论缩短反馈时间在中学英语写作教学中的作用

本文通过调查一所普通中学学生对教师英语作文反馈时间的偏好并进行实验研究,利用统计学的描述性统计,独立/相关样本T检验分析方法,作者发现缩短反馈时间确实能够提高学生的英语写作水平,并结合其对教学的启示进行了讨论。     

神性、人性和理性--略论艺术形态与时代精神

艺术的本质在于其精神性,从艺术和时代精神的相互关系中去确立划分艺术形态的标准是符合艺术本质的.按照艺术所包含的精神内容的不同,艺术形态可分为神性艺术、人性艺术和理性艺术,以丰富的艺术史例可以说明其特征.     

现象学的问题如何发生--德里达对胡塞尔发生现象学的解读

德里达对胡塞尔的发生现象学有他自己的特殊理解,他研究了观念的历史,以及根据所形成的心理习惯构成的观念,当然,这也是观念对象构成的历史过程。发生是一个陌生的过程:在即将来临的历史中包含着一种中断。德里达描述了从某种确定的目的论返回到胡塞尔所新近确立的起源问题的运动结构。德里达研究稳定的结构与发生现象学之间的关系,在这个过程中,德里达提出了关于解构的基本问题。     

贾岛为僧及还俗时间地点考

贾岛出家及还俗的时间地点问题是贾岛生平仕历研究的一个重要问题。通过对现有史料记载以及贾岛等人诗文的考证分析,可知贾岛贞元九年(793)在北岳恒山出家为僧,时年15岁。后曾住洛阳石楼及嵩山一带。贞元十七年(801)在石楼与韩愈初次相识。元和六年(811)春在洛阳又遇到时任河南县令的韩愈,同年秋跟随韩愈赴长安准备应进士举,但并未马上还俗。冬十一月返回家乡范阳,处理僧俗事务。至迟于次年即元和七年(812)春还俗并参加进士考试,时年34岁。